서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

어린이에서 수술 중 엎드린 자세와 누운 자세에서의 심박수변이도의 비교

김혜경,김종성,김성덕,김희수,염명걸,백진우 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Comparison of Heart Rate Variability between the Supine and Prone Plsition during General Anesthesia in Children Hee-Soo Kim, M.D., Jin-Woo Baik, M.D., Chong Sung Kim, M.D., Seong Deok Kim, M.D. Myung0Kul Yum, M.D.^*, and Hae Kyung Kim, M.D.^?? Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University ^*Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University ^??Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea Background: It is well known that the prone position affects hemodynamics. In this study, we investigate whether the prone position will affect the heart rate variability compard with the supine position. Methods: Sixty five pediatric patients were assigned to supine group (n = 36) and prone group (n = 29) according to position during surgery. The patients were indeced with thiopental and vecuronium and maintained with O_2-enflurane-N_2O. ECG data was collected for 15 minutes after saturation at the end tidal concentration of the inhalent agent. From the ECG data, power spectral analysis was performed and approximate entropy was calculated. Results: IN the prone group, low frequency power and ratio of low to high frequency power were lower and approximate entropy was higher than those in the supine group. Mean heart rate and blood pressure were no different between the two groups. Conclusions: IN the prone position, sympathetic autonomic activity and balance of the autonomic nervous system decreased. However the complexity of regulation of heart rate variability was maintained in the prone position. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 455~460)

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Surgical technique for single-port laparoscopy in huge ovarian tumors: SW Kim`s technique and comparison to laparotomy

( Jeong Sook Kim ),( In Ok Lee ),( Kyung Jin Eoh ),( Young Shin Chung ),( Inha Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Sunghoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ),( Sang Wun Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective This study aimed to introduce a method to remove huge ovarian tumors (≥15 cm) intact with single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) using SW Kim`s technique and to compare the surgical outcomes with those of laparotomy. Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent either SPLS (n=21) with SW Kim`s technique using a specially designed 30×30-cm2-sized 3XL LapBag or laparotomy (n=22) for a huge ovarian tumor from December 2008 to May 2016. Perioperative surgical outcomes were compared. Results In 19/21 (90.5%) patients, SPLS was successfully performed without any tumor spillage or conversion to multi-port laparoscopy or laparotomy. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics, including tumor diameter and total operation time, between both groups. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter for the SPLS group than for the laparotomy group (median, 2 [1 to 5] vs. 4 [3 to 17] days; P<0.001). The number of postoperative general diet build-up days was also significantly shorter for the SPLS group (median, 1 [1 to 4] vs. 3 [2 to 16] days; P<0.001). Immediate post-operative pain score was lower in the SPLS group (median, 2.0 [0 to 8] vs. 4.0 [0 to 8]; P=0.045). Patient-controlled anesthesia was used less in the SPLS group (61.9% vs. 100%). Conclusion SPLS was successful in removing most large ovarian tumors without rupture and showed quicker recovery and less immediate post-operative pain in comparison to laparotomy. SPLS using SW Kim`s technique could be a feasible solution to removing huge ovarian tumors.

자료포락분석(DEA)를 이용한 보건의료의 효율성 측정

김남송,박홍섭,김은진,김설화,김정숙,김현아,김경숙,신지혜,최은정,양은진,유선미,유수진 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2007 圓光醫科學 Vol.22 No.1

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

경찰관의 운동참여에 따른 직무 Stress와 직무만족에 관한 연구

김종달, 남덕현, 이한경, 반종진 용인대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.10 No.1

This study is for the purpose of examining effects related to duty stress & duty satisfaction due to Police of officers' Physical exercise participation, helping more efficient duty Performance, and positive self-formation. Furthermore, providing basic data that can be helpful to the improvement of police duty. The objects of the study were police officers who were taking part in education program in Police Comprehensive Academy, and the number of police officers who answered the questionnaire is 356 police officers, but data used for real analyzation consist of 300 police officers. The tools for the study were based on Ivancevich's duty stress model in order to measure stress. And also questionnaire used on Kim yoon hee, Kim mae ja, Jo kyung soon, Lee hart kyung's study was used as a complementary tool. The instrument for measuring duty satisfaction rate was developed by Paula. And I used the instrument based on questionnaire that was used by Ko hee soon, Park ki hyung, Kim bum sik, Lee jong kil, Lim bun jang, Jo young chang, Hackeman, Lawlar and Oldham's study. Data analysis is Processed statistically with SPSS/PC+, I Performed T-verification, ANOVA-verification in accordance with the purpose of study after getting the percentage and the real number in case of general characteristics of the objects, and examine an average and standard variation in case of duty satisfaction and duty stress rate. And I set an err rate to 0.5. I verificated co-relation between stress and duty satisfaction with Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The result of the study is as follows, The first, among sociological characteristic and external factor of duty satisfaction, The married is more significant statistically(p< .01, p<.05) compared to the unmarried in terms of compensation system and working condition , which are subfactor of duty satisfaction . In terms of the length of one's service, the longer service term one has the higher significance level one shows in compensation system, working condition, safety, and external factor which are sub-factors of duty satisfaction In terms of an academic background, one who graduated from a high school shows significance statistically only in working condition which is a subfactor of duty satisfaction compared to other people (p<0.5) The second, among sociological characteristic and internal factor of duty satisfaction, the married is more significant statistically(P<.05) compared to the unmarried in terms of achievement which is a subfactor of duty satisfaction. In terms of age the older one shows higher significance level in stability which is a subfactor of duty satisfaction compared to younker one(p<.05) In terms of the length of one's service the longer service term one has ,the higher significance level one shows(p<.01, p<.05). The third, in terms of duty stress due to sociological variable, the married is more significant statistically(p<.05) in case of stress stems from police duty than the unmarried Interms of age, welfare and duty stress are significant statistically(P<.05) Interms of the length of one's service, police's work is significant statistically(P<.05). One who graduated from junior college is significant statistically in police's work, welfare, stress and gets a lot of stress in personal relations(p<.05). The forth, groups participating in exercise are more significant statistically in stability(p<.001), feeling of stability(P<.001), achievement(p<.001), internal factor(p<.01), external factor(p<.05) than croups not Participating in exercise. The fifth, groups participating in exercise are more significant statistically only in personal management than groups not participating in. The sixth co-relation between duty satisfaction and duty stress is r=-0.3814, (P<.001) ,which shows opposite co-relation. so, a result the more stress one has, the lower duty satisfaction he gets.

性別 및 年齡에 따른 體格과 體力의 特性과 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究Ⅱ : Emphasised on College Men of Department of Physical Education 體育專功 大學生을 中心으로

金尙國,姜東洹,張周鎬,金昇一,徐再均,金耕知,孫斗玉,鮮于攝,崔榮烈,尹宇相,金亨燉,方永鎭,朴英震,柳在忠 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1989 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics, change in physique and physical function of college students majoring physical education and Taekwondo (454 males and 64 females of age groups ranging from 18 to 26). The results are as following: 1. The male group of 23yrs old in physical education showed highest values in 7 items(Weight, Chest Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness and Suprailiac Skinfold Thickness). 2. In the Physical function, the male group of 18yrs old showed highest values in Power, Flexibility, and then 21yrs old at Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and 23yrs old at Grip Strength, and 25yrs old at Blood Pressure, respectively. 3. In the physique, the male group of 22yrs old showed highest values in Weight, Chest Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, and then 24yrs old Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, and 19yrs old at Height, Upper Limb Length, respectively. 4. In Physical Function, the 22yrs old showed highest values in Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and then 23yrs old at Side Step, Trunk Extension, but 18yrs old showed lower Values in Grip Strength, Side Step, Vital Capacity and Blood Pressure. 5. The female group of 22yrs old showed highest values in 8 items(Height, Sitting Height, Waist Girth, Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length, Skinfold Thickness), and then 18yrs old at 5 items (Weight, Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth), respectively. 6. In the physical function, the 22yrs old showed highest Values in Grip strength, Back Strength, Power, 5 Minute Run, and 18yrs old at flexibility, Harvard Step Test, respectively. 7. In the change of the physique for two years(1988-1989) in the male group, majoring Physical education the 22yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 20yrs old in 3 items, but 18yrs old showed decrease in 3 items. 8. In the change of the physical function for two years in the male group, the 20yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 21, 25, 26yrs old in 3 items, but the 19yrs old showed decrease in 6 items, and 18, 22 yrs old in 5 items, respectively. 9. The change of the physique for two years in all female group, of 18, 19, 20, 21yrs old showed increase in 11 items except Skinfold Thickness. 10. In the change of physical function for two years in female group, the 18yrs old showed increase in 3 items, and then 20yrs old in 5 items, but 19, 22yrs old decreased 12 items, respectively. 11. The highest significant difference in physique between male and female was found in weight(mean Value 17.5%), and the lowest difference was found Thigh Girth, Calf Girth(1,3%), Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length(2.5%). 12. The Highest difference in physical function was Strength (mean Value 40%), Vital Capacity (33%), Power(22%), but Lower Trunk Flexion, Foot Balance(3.4%). 13. In the difference of Physique and physical function between physical education major and taekwondo major, the physical education showed higher values in skinfold Thickines (mean Value 16.5%), Weight, Waist Girth(4.7%) and Strength(33%), Endurance(5.6%), but subjects majoring Taekwondo showed higher values in Flexibility and Foot Balance. 14. In all male groups, Waist Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness, Back Strength, Sargent Jump, Trunk Extension and Diastolic Blood Pressure were showed a significantly related at 0.001 level.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

Making the Posthuman: Unmaking the Humanity

( Kim¸ Jin Kyung ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2019 영어권문화연구 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to interrogate the possibility of the posthuman as a concept that can transcend the limits of the universal humanities. The concept of the posthuman in the context of philosophical and sociopolitical discourses is examined for its implication which is not confined to the meaning of the technological improvement of the human body, but extends to the concept that helps to overcome many prejudices and discriminations in the societies. At the advent of the machines with superintelligence, the need of redefining the human arises with spreading anxiety over the humanness. Rosi Braidotti and N. Katherine Hayles investigate the concept of the posthuman to give answers to various questions concerning the formation of the posthuman. Both Hayles and Braidotti explicate the concept of the posthuman based on the materiality which Spinoza and Descartes provide the foundational thoughts. The concept of the human entails being alive with the biological body and mental ability to perceive the environment. Such a notion was conceived and developed within the western philosophical canon, and still occupies a position in defining the human consciousness in contrast with the consciousness of the artificial intelligence. What I portray in this essay is not to reiterate the conventional notions around the posthuman, but to argue that the real interest of the posthuman studies lies in questioning how the concept of the human can be reconceived in making the posthuman.