과학영재교육 교사 교수방법 전문지식의 수준 분석

서혜애,박경희,박지은 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2007 교과교육학연구 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구에서는 우리나라 과학영재교육을 담당하는 교사들의 과학영재교육 교수방법 전문지식의 수준을 조사하는 데 목적을 두었다. 2005년 기준 전국 16개 시·도 교육청 산하 영재학급 및 영재교육원에서 과학영재교육을 담당하는 교사 수는 총1,883명으로 조사되었다. 이 가운데 531명(28.2%)의 과학영재교육 교사는 ‘과학영재교육 교사 교수방법 전문지식 측정도구(서혜애·박경희, 2005)’에 응답하였으며, 응답한 교사의 교수방법 전문지식 수준은 최종학력, 연수이수여부, 학교급에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. ‘과학지식 및 과학교육학 지식’과 ‘영재교육학 지식’은 영재교육 연수 이수 유무와 관련 없이 교사의 성별 및 최종학력에 따라 차이를 보였으며, ‘과학영재교육과정 지식’은 교사가 어떤 영재교육 연수를 이수했는지, 어떤 학교급을 지도하고 있는 지에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. ‘교사 전문성 계발 지식’은 학교급, 성별에 따라 차이를 보였다. 연구결과에 근거하여 다음과 같이 과학영재교육의 질을 제고하는 방향을 제안하였다. 첫째, 효과적 과학영재교육교사 연수를 개발하기 위해서는, 연수기관은 연수 대상 교사의 학교급에 따라 연수프로그램의 교육내용을 달리하여 구성해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 과학영재교육 교사 임용정책에서는 최종학력 조건을 강화하고 교사 전문성 계발의 동기 수준을 고려하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. The research aims to investigate the status of teacher's professional knowledge level of teaching the gifted in science. As of 2005, there were 1,883 teachers who teach at gifted educational institutions affiliated with sixteen provincial offices of educations in Korea. Research subjects include 531 out of 1,883 teachers (28.2%) and they responded to the 'Science Teacher Scale of Professional Knowledge for Teaching the Gifted' (Seo & Park, 2005). It was found that there were significant differences in the levels of science teachers' professional knowledge for teaching the gifted in terms of highest degrees earned, school level, completion of inservice training programs of gifted education, etc. It was also found that ‘subject matter content knowledge in science and pedagogical content knowledge in science’ and ‘general pedagogical knowledge in gifted education’ varied along teachers' gender and highest degrees earned. ‘Science curriculum knowledge in gifted education’ were varied along completion of inservice teacher training programs and school levels. In conclusion, in order to raise the quality of gifted education, first, host institutions of inservice teacher training programs of gifted education are recommended to provide program contents in consideration with different schools levels of participating teachers. Second, policy makers may strengthen requirements of highest degrees earned for employing teachers in gifted education.

치매노인을 돌보는 가족간호제공자의 우울 예측요인

이해정,김영숙,김기련,김주성,서지민 대한간호학회 2003 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.33 No.7

Purpose: This study was to identify important predictors of depression among characteristics of caregiving situation and utilized resources in order to provide basic information for effective nursing interventions to reduce depression experienced by family caregivers of older adults with dementia. Method: Seventy one family caregivers were identified from community service centers and face-to-face interviewed using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Result: Family caregivers reported high levels of depression, moderate levels of social support, and moderate utilization of coping strategies. Female caregivers who (β=.22) utilized 'negative' coping strategies more often (β=.48) and 'cognitive reconstructuring' coping strategies less often (β=.23) were more likely to report higher depression (R²=0.63). Conclusion: Nursing interventions increasing family caregivers' utilization of positive coping strategies such as problem solving, existential growth, and help seeking and decreasing their utilization of negative coping strategies such as self-blaming are needed to decrease their depression levels.

기억력 저하를 호소하는 노인들을 대상으로 INM176를 3개월간 임상시험한 후의 치료성적 및 부작용 평가 보고

김지혜,고선규,고효정,권영아,김성환,김재경,김태은,박재우,서민영,송영란,이인수,김도관 大韓神經精神醫學會 2003 신경정신의학 Vol.42 No.2

Objectives : We examined the effects of INM 176 (K-l107) compared with placebo on the cognitive functions of 92 old aged subjects with cognitive impairment. Methods : This was a prospective, 12 week, double-blind, Placebo-controlled clinical trial. The elderly who achieved a score of less than 25 points on the K-MMSE or showed a high risk of Alzheimer's disease from the 7-Minute Neurocognitive Screening Battery were considered to have objective impairment and were selected as subjects for this study. The subjects were randomized to placebo or INM 176 group. The outcome measures were from the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog), the Instrumental Activities ofDaily Living (IADL) and the Korean Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS) and two kinds of computerized priming tests. After setting the total error score in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive section (ADAS-cog) as the repeated measurement factor, an analysis of variance of the combined factor design was done between the placebo and INM 176 group. Results : The interaction effect of time (pre- and post-trial) and group (placebo and INM 176 group) was significant in the analysis of the ADAS-cog's total error score. The INM 176 group's total error score in the ADAS-cog decreased significantly (p<0.01), whereas the placebo group showed a slight increase. The mean changes in IADL and GDS from baseline scores favored in the INM 176 group than in the placebo group. Outcome changes ofADAS-cog, IADL, KGDS scores during the 12 week clinical trail ofINM 176 and placebo demonstrated favorable responses in the INM176 administered group. Conclusions : This is a preliminary clinical trial result of INM176 as a memory pill. Based on these results, INM176 may be a candidate molecule for the improvement of cognitive functions, including memory, Further clinical trial should demonstrate its efficacy.

전화상담이 치매노인 간호제공자의 소진경험, 우울, 삶의 질, 지각된 건강상태에 미치는 영향

이해정,김기련,서지민 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of telephonic counseling on burnout, depression, life satisfaction, and perceived physical health among family caregivers of older adults with dementia. Method: Subjects were randomly assigned into telephonic counseling group (n=21) and the comparison group (n=32). A weekly telephone counseling was conducted by research assistants for 12 weeks. T-test were used to answer the research questions. Result: 1) There were no significant differences between the two groups on the level of burnout, depression, life satisfaction, and perceived physical health after telephone counseling. 2) Spouse caregivers under the telephone counseling tended to report higher perceived physical health than comparison group at the post-test (t=-1.88, p=.08). Spouse caregivers under the telephone counseling tended to report higher emotional exhaustion and lower feeling of self achievement. 3) Daughter-in-law caregivers under telephone counseling showed increased feeling of self achievement, improved physical health condition, and decreased depression. Conclusion : This study showed potential effects of the problem-solving telephone counseling to improve perceived physical health and to reduce the level of burnout and depression. The findings suggest the necessity of screening most vulnerable subgroups of caregivers to increase the effectiveness of nursing intervention such as telephone counseling.

cis-platin에 의한 급성구토예방의 Dexamethasone의 4가지 정주량의 비교

김원,강지은,서영선,이동민,서정균,신병철,정기영,박유환,정춘해 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

B5-hydroxytryptamine _3수용체(5-HT_3) 길항제와 dexamethasone의 동시투여가 cis-platin에 의한 급성 구토를 막는데 가장 효과적이다. 그러나 현재까지 가장 적절한 정주dexamethasone의 용량이 알려져 있지 않았다. 이에 dexamethasone의 4가지 다른 용량을 투여하여 그 효과를 비교하였다. 환자는 임의 추출되어 cis-platin 투여 45분전에 15분 동안 정주로 각각 dexamethasone 5, 10, 15, 20 mg을 투여 받았다. cis-platin 투여 30분전에는 ondansetron 8 mg이 부가하여 정주 되었다. 1999년 3월부터 2000년 2월까지 54명의 환자가 연구에 등록되어졌고 53명의 환자가 연구 대상으로 실험에 4군 (dexamethasone 5 mg 13명, 10 mg 14명, 15 mg 13명, 20 mg 13명)으로 나뉘어 평가 되어졌다. 급성구토와 구역질의 완전한 예방은 dexamethasone 5 mg을 투여 받은 환자에서 각각 69.2%, 60.9%, dexamethasone 10 mg을 투여 환자에서 69.1%, 61%, dexamethasone 15 mg 투여 환자에서 78.5%, 66.9%, dexamethasone 20 mg을 투여 환자에서 83.2%, 71.0%로 나타났다. 구토로부터 완전한 예방은 dexamethasone 20 mg을 투여 환자에서 5, 10 mg을 투여 환자와 비교하여 높았고, dexamethasone 15 mg을 투여 군에 비교하여서는 약간 우수한 효과만 있었다. 구역질으로부터의 완전한 예방도 월등한 것은 아닐지라도 20 mg을 받은 환자에서 높았다. 항 구토 치료는 특별한 불편 없이 조절되었고, 부작용의 발생에서 4가지그룹간에는 커다란 차이가 발견되지 않았다. Dexamethasone의 20 mg 정주양이 cis-platin으로 인한 급성구토를 예방하는데 가장 효과적인 예방량으로 사료되어진다. Background and objective: A 5-hydroxytryptamine _3(5-HT_3) receptor antagonist plus dexamethasone is the most efficacious antiemetic prophylactic treatment for the prevention of cis-platin induced acute emesis, but the optimal intraveous (Ⅳ) dose of dexamethasone is unknown. This prompted us to perform a randomized, double-blind, dose-finding study that compared four different doses of dexamethasone. Materials and Methods: Patients were randomized to receive dexamethasone, either 5, 10, 15, 20 mg, administered by 15-minute Ⅳ infusion 45 minutes before cis-platin. Ondansetron 8 mg was added to dexamethasone and was administered Ⅳ 30 minutes before cis-platin. From March 1999 to February 2000, 54 patients were enrolled onto the study and 53 were assessable according to the intention-to-treat principle (13 patients received 5 mg; 14 patients, 10 mg; 13 patients, 15 mg and 13 patients, 20 mg of dexamethasone). Results: Complete protection from acute vomiting and nausea was achieved by 69.2% and 60.9% of patients, respectively, who received 5 mg of dexamethasone, by 69.1% and 61.0% of those who received 10 mg, by 78.5% and 66.9% of those who received 15 mg, and by 83.2% and 71.0% of those who received 20 mg of dexamethasone. Complete protection from vomiting was significantly superior in patients who received 20 mg compared with those who received 5 and 10 mg of dexamethasone (P<05) and was superior, but not significantly, compared with those who received 15mg. Complete protection from nausea was superior, but not significantly, in patients who received 20 mg of dekamethasone. Multifactorial analysis confirmed these results. Antiemetic treatment was well tolerated, and no significant difference was found among the four groups in the incidence of adverse events. Conclusion: A 20mg single Ⅳ dose of dexamethasone should be considered the most efficacious prophylactic dose for the prevention of ois-platin induced acute amesis in treatment of cancer.

전측두엽 치매 3례

김이영,김재경,이유리,서만길,우금석,장용이,김지혜,서연림,김상은,김도관 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

전측두엽 치매는 치매의 흔한 원인이며 알쯔하이머병과 구별되는 질환이다. 하지만 임상증상에서 인지기능의 현저한 장애가 나타나기 전에 사회적 기능과 인격의 붕괴가 서서히 일어나기 때문에 다른 정신과 질환으로 진단될 수도 있다. 저자들은 3례 전측두엽 치매를 보고하였다. 이 증례들은 전측두엽 치매를 임상 진단으로 고려할 만한 병력과 증상을 가지고 있고, 신경심리학 검사, 대뇌의 자기공명영상과 18F-FDG양성자방출단층촬영술 등의 검사에서 전형적인 전측두엽 치매의 소견을 보였다. 이러한 병력과 임상양상 그리고 객관적인 소견들은 임상에서 전측두엽 치매에 주의를 기울이고 적절하게 진단하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. Frontotemporal dementia is a common cause of dementia and distinguished from Alzheimer`s disease. Because its clinical symptoms are characterized by slow progressive social breakdown and change of personality before cognitive impairments become prominent, it may be diagosed as other psychiatric disease. We have presented three cases of frontotemporal dementia. They had typical clinical histories and symptoms which deserve to be considered frontotemporal dementia. They showed appropriate findings of frontotemporal dementia in the neuropsychological tests and brain imaging study with brain magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-FDGpositron emission tomography. Their clinical histories and findings are thought to be helpful for clinician to give attention to and diagnose frontotemporal dementia.

16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석에 의해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 유행

김수연,김진용,강지혜,박신영,이희승,박윤수,서일혜,조용균 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4

목적 : 본 연구는 일개 대학병원의 한 병동에서 16SrRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 통해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 집단 발생에 대한 조사이다. 재료 및 방법 : 일개 대학병원의 일반병동에서 2005년 9월 23일부터 26일까지 5명의 환자에서 Bordetelta bronchiseptica 세균뇨가 동시에 분리되었다. 해당 환자들에 대한 입원 진료 기록을 확인하고, 이학적 검사를 시행하였고, 의료진 면담 등의 역학적 조사와 의심되는 전파원의 환경 감시배양을 시행하였다. 또한 다섯 균주들의 상동성 확인을 위해 pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)를 하였고, 정확한 균 동정을 위해 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 하였다. 결과 : VITEK system에 의해 B. bronchiseptica로 보고된 다섯 균주들은 거의 유사한 항생제 감수성을 가지고 있었다. 유행조사에서 요로감염의 증상이나 균혈증을 보인 환자는 없었고, 환경 감시배양에서 공통의 전파원은 증명되지 않았다. 또한 PFGE와 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석에서 상동성을 가진 동일 Acinetobacter spp.로 확인되어 이에 의한 가성요로감염의 유행으로 결론지었다. 결론 : 역학적 조사와 함께 PFGE와 16s rRNA 유전자염기서열 분석과 같은 분자생물학적인 조사를 시행하는 것은 희귀한 균에 의한 병원감염 유행조사에 도움이 될 것이다. Background : Acinetobacter spp. is increasingly implicated in hospital-acquired infections. We experienced a pseudooutbreak of Bordetella bronchiseptica bacteriuria identified with biochemical tests, that was later identified as Acinetobacter spp. by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Materials and Methods : Five in-ward patients were found to have B. bronchiseptica bacteriuria without symptoms of urinary tract infection between September 23 and 26 of 2005. We conducted pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of the bacteria and epidemiological investigation of this pseudooutbreak. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was performed for the verification of the strains. Results : All 5 isolates were identified as B. bronchiseptica with similar antibiogram by VITEK system. There was no evidence of any symptom or sign of urinary tract infection. The source of this pseudooutbreak was not detected even after performing environmental culture and interviews with healthcare workers. We could not get the appropriate results from the first PFGE with XbaI restriction enzyme. B. bronchiseptica is an unusual organism in human so we conducted 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for verification. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence with 5 isolates demonstrated 99-100% similarity to a sequence of Acinetobacter spp. (AU1523). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we performed the second PFGE with SmaI restriction enzyme, which showed indistinguishable pattern among the all 5 isolates. Conclusion : This investigation suggests that the combined method of 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and PFGE would be helpful for investigation of outbreak caused by unusual organisms.

심혈관계 질환으로 관상질환 집중치료실에 입원한 환자들의 혜후 측정을 위한 APACHEⅢ점수 체계의 임상적 유용성

이공섭,이창선,최현주,홍종서,강지향,김도형,이민영,오인균,김병엽,김상억,김학찬,한승혜,이재용,지영우,안경주 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

청소년의 스마트폰 중독과 우울 및 불안과의 관계

김경은,김필송,민주연,박수경,신서인,이지은,정해인,조호정,최정원,최정인 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the degree of smart phone addiction among adolescents and their depression and anxiety levels. Method: In this study, 379 high school students were selected using the convenient sampling method. The instruments used for this study were smart phone addiction measure, the CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), and the STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score for smart phone addiction was 40.45±17.27, depression was 36.56±9.58, state anxiety was 44.00±9.61, and trait anxiety was 45.70±9.75. There were significant differences between the degree of smart phone addiction and the following variables: gender (t=-4.953, p<.001), hours of smart phone use per day (F=12.259, p<.001), types of frequently used features (F=3.485, p=.008), and satisfaction level for smart phone (F=5.18, p<.001). There were statistically significant relationships (p<.001) among degree of smart phone addiction, depression level, and state and trait anxiety levels. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that there was a significant relationship between smart phone addiction and mental health, specifically, depression and anxiety among adolescents. Further research is needed to develop nursing strategies to provide care for adolescents who frequently utilize smart phones.

Mycophenolic Acid와 Rapamycin이 흰쥐 사구체 혈관간세포증식과 세포외기질 생성에 미치는 영향

김명수,박제현,하헌주,허규하,서지연,김유선,김혜진,박기일 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2004 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.14

Background: Excess proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation of mesenchymal cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and glomerular mesangial cells cause chronic allograft nephropathy showing transplant vascular sclerosis and glomerulosclerosis. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and rapamycin (RPM) are well known as strong inhibitors of VSMC proliferation, but their effects on the glomerular mesangial cells are not yet clearly understood. This study examined the effects of MPA or RPM on PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Methods: Mesangial cells isolated from the glomeruli of Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured with DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum. Growth arrested and synchronized cells were administered with test drugs (MPA10 nM-10μM, RPM 0.1 nM-1μM) before the addition of PDGF 10 ng/mL. Cell proliferation was assessed by [³H]thymidine incorporation, collagen by [³H]proline incorporation, and fibronectin, ERK, and p38 MAPK by Western blot analysis. Results: PDGF increased mesangial cell proliferation by 4.64-fold. Compared to stimulated control, MPA above 500 nM and RPM above 10nM showed a significant inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner. The IC_(50) of MPA and RPM against PDGF-induced mesangial cell proliferation were around 500 nM and 100 nM, respectively. The collagen synthesis was also inhibited by MPA and RPM, but the fibronectin secretion was inhibited by MPA alone. The proliferation of mesangial cell correlated with activation of ERK and. p38 MAPK. MPA, but not RPM, inhibited ERK and p38 MAPK activation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MPA and RPM significantly inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM production in rat glomerular mesangial cells. The inhibitory effects of MPA, but not RPM, are correlated with ERK and p38 MAPK.