Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4

The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.

RAW264.7 세포에서 interferon-r 및 LPS에 의해 유도되는 NO생성에 미치는 TALT-35의 영향

박종일,박경석,김종석,박지훈,윤은진,송경섭,서강식,김훈,윤완희,박승길,임규,황병두 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2006 생물공학연구지 Vol.12 No.-

TALP-35 purified from human term placenta is known to increase microtubule polymerization and stabilize the polymerized microtubule. To examine the effect of TALP-35 on immune system this study was performed. MTT assay was performed to investigate the effect of TALP-35 on the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells. TALP-35 dose dependently suppress the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells at high concentration (above 1 μM) in unstimulated cells, in case of 10 μM TALP-35 treated cells the suppression was 25% but in stimulated cells it was only 15%. Cosedimentation assay was carried out to investigate whether TALP-35 can bind to tubulin of RAW264.7, monocyte/macrophage lineage of mouse, and polymerize it. TALP-35 polymerize the tubulin of RAW264.7 cells and sedimented in dose-dependent manner. To investigate the effect of TALP-35 on the expression of iNOS protein western blotting was performed. The expression level of iNOS was decreased dose dependently in high concentration of TALP-35 treatment. To examine the activity of iNOS, secreted NO was determined by method based on Griess reaction. Interferon-γ and LPS-stimulated production of NO from RAW264.7 cells was decreased dose dependently above 0.1 μM concentration of TALP-35 and 50% is decreased at 10μM of it. This study shows TALP-35 can control cytokine induced-iNOS expression therefore it might control inflammatory diseases.

Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

Consumer Recognition Survey for Establishing the Reasonable Expiration Dates of Health Functional Foods

( Soo Jin Youn ),( Joo Youn Park ),( Hee Su Kim ),( Eun Jin Kang ),( Kil Jin Kang1 ),( Hye Kyung Park ),( Gun Hee Kim ) 한국식생활문화학회 2009 Food Quality and Culture Vol.3 No.2

This study investigated consumers` recognition on shelf life of health functional foods to set up their rational expiration date. For this study 107 male and female adults aged 20 to 59 years were randomly selected as major consumers of health functional foods. And their data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0. The questionnaire included questions asking a consumer`s recognition on the shelf life of health functional foods and how to treat health function food passing its shelf life. In this study, the consumers were found to pay attentions considerably to the shelf life. But most of them did not know an accurate meaning of the shelf life of health functional food and mistook it for expiry date. In addition, the consumers doubted safety of health functional foods passing the shelf life. Therefore, education for consumers about an accurate meaning of the shelf life was needed. The results of this study were considered to be helpful to set up a reasonable expiration date for health functional food.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

유방암에서 Peanut lectin과 Cystol Estrogen Receptor 의 분포에 관한 비교연구

박희주,김의한,강상균 순천향대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

To understand interrelationship between localization of Peanut lectin and Cytosol Estrogen Recepter, the authors collected 25 cases female breast carcinoma obtained by the biopsy and mastectomy, We performed H & E stain and immunohistochemical stains by Avidin-Biotion-Complex method then analyzed their reactions. Results obtained are as following : 1. Of 25 patients with breast cancer, 15 were presented with PNA-positive cells in their tumor tissue, However, there were variation in incidence for PNA in the tumor cells depending on the degree of differentiation ; while PNA-positive cells were observed in all patients with well differentiated tumor(N=3/3), they were displayed in 50% of patients with poorly differentiated tumor(N=5/ 10). In patients with tumor with moderate differentiation. PNA-positive cells were present in 55.6%(N=5/ 9). It appears that the better the differentiation, not only the higher the incidence for PNA at the free border of cell membrance. 2. Of 25 brest cancer, 14 were presented with CER-positive cells. CER-positive cells were exhibited in 33.3%, 66.7% and 70.0% in well differentiated(N=1/ 3), moderate differentiated(N=6/9), and poorly differentiated(7/10), respectively. On view of the degree of differentiation of the tumor cells. CER-positive and PNA-positive cells reveals opposite pattern. 3. There was a some relationship between age and incidence for PNA or CER in tumor cells. In patients at age less than 40, between 40 and 50 and over 50, CER positivity in tumor cells were 13.3%, 33.3% and 53%, and PNA positivity in tumor cells were 7.1%, 36% and 57%, respectively. 4. 8 cases of PNA positivity(57.1%) was detected among 14 cases of CER positive cases, while 7 cases(63.6%) of PNA positivity was noted among 11 cases of CER negative. There the expression pattern of PNA and CER were different and unrelated each other. 5. Although stronger or more extensive staining for CER tended to be associated weaker or more restricted staining for PNA, the tendency for reciprocal correlation could not quite achieve the statistial significance.

자가 면역성 간염에서 자가항체의 발현 양상과 스테로이드 치료의 효과

박기오,채경훈,허원석,강윤세,정재훈,김연수,문희석,이엄석,김선문,이병석,김남재,이헌영 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

목적 : 최근 8년간 본원에서 경험한 자기면역성 간염의 혈액학적 특징과 스테로이드의 치료효과를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1996년 이후부터 2002년까지 충남대학교 병원에서 1999년 International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group(LAHG)에서 제시한 수정 진단 기준안에 의거하여 총 진단점수가 probable 이상에 해당하는 환자들을 대상으로 임상적 특징, 검사실 및 조직 소견과 스테로이드와 azathioprine의 치료 효과를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 9예의 환자들은 여성이 78%, 40대가 많았고, 급성 발병이 33.3%, 피로감, 식욕부진 및 황달 등이 나타났으며, 항핵항체가 55.6%에서 그리고 항평활근 항체가 77.8%에서 양성이었고, 동반 질환은 류마치스 관절염이 2예, 특발성 혈소판 감소증 1예, Henoch-Sch nlein 자반증 및 그레브스병이 각각 1예 씩이었다. 7예에 대해서 스테로이드와 azathioprine으로 치료하여 생화학적 임상적 완해가 이루어져서 유효한 치료 결과를 얻었다. 결론 : 자가면역성 간염은 우리 나라에서 원인을 찾을 수 없는 만성 간질환의 경우, 특히 중년여성에서 다른 자가면역성 질환이 동반되었을 때 자가면역성 간염을 의심하여 자가항체 선별검사를 시행해 보아야 할 것으로 생각된다. 향후 다기관 연구를 통하여 좀 더 많은 증례를 모으고 전향적인 연구를 시행하여야 할 필요가 있다. Although autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) is common in western contries, some studties have been reported in Korea. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and histological features and expression pattern of the autoantibody and to examine clinical course of AIH in Korea. For 9 patients diagnosed as having AIH in our hospital since 1996, we reviewed medical records and analyzed clinical and laboratory findings retrospectively. They had a probable or definite AIH according to the revised criteria of International AIH group. The mean age was 42.7(21∼68)years and 7(77.8%) were female. Three of them(33.3%) showed acute hepatitis and five of them showed cirrhosis. Fatigue and anorexia were the most frequently complained symptoms(55.6%). Four patients(44.4%) were accompanied with other autoimmune diseases. Antinuclear antibody was detected in 5(55.6%) and anti-smooth muscle antibody was detected in 7(77.8%). Three patients showed focal picemeal necrosis and four showed periportal fibrosis. Among 7 patients who received immunosuppressive therapy, six patients(85.7%) showed initial response. and biochemical and serologic remission were achived in 5(71.4%) and 3(42.8%) patients, AIH seems to be partly responsible for chronic liver disease of unknown etiology in Korea. AIH should be suspected in female patients with unknown chronic liver disease of unknown etiolgy, especially accompanied with other autoimmune disease. The clinical characteristics of AIH may not be quite different from those of Western countries.

이중 특이성 단백질 인산화 효소인 라머카이네즈의 기능

강원화,박희문 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2007 생물공학연구지 Vol.13 No.-

LAMMER family kinases are one of dual-specificity protein kinases and posses motifs that are nearly 100% identical in catalytic subdomain essential for phosphorylating serine/threonine and tyrosine residues, and exist throughout all eukaryotic organisms. They contain common amino acid motif, EHLAMMERILG in kinase subdomain X, and are known to regulate cell growth, differentiation and development by modulating pre-mRNA splicing involved in cell-type specific or common SR proteins. Recent studies, however, revealed involvement of the LAMMER kinase in stress-responses and regulation of gene-expression through interacting with various regulatory proteins such as transcriptional repressers, component of Mediator complex, and others. In this article, we describe recent findings and perspectives on the studies for understanding intracellular roles of the dual-specificity LAMMER kinases.

조직내 사회자본과 지적자본의 형성 및 조직성과관리에 대한 효과

박희봉,강제상,김상묵 한국행정연구원 2003 韓國行政硏究 Vol.12 No.1

본 연구는 조직의 능력은 개인의 능력에만 의존하는 것이 아니라 조직구성원과 하부조직간의 상호관계에 의존하며, 이러한 제 관계가 궁극적으로 성과를 증가시킨다는 것을 전제로 한다. 본 연구는 조직구성원의 능력을 발휘하게 하는 인적자본, 조직의 역량과 능력을 의미하는 구조자본, 고객만족 및 고객의 조직에 대한 충성도로 정의되는 고객자본 등 지적자본이 조직 내 사회자본과 어떤 상관관계가 있는가 하는 문제와, 사회자본 및 지적자본이 조직성과 증진에 기여하는 효율적인 조직성과관리에 어떤 영향을 미칠 것인가를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째 사회자본과 지적자본 상호간에 긍정적인 인과관계를 보였다. 이것은 조직의 지적자본 형성에 사회자본이 영향을 미치고 있으며, 조직 내 지적자본이 축적되면 이는 사회자본의 형성에 기여한다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 조직 내 사회자본과 지적자본이 조직성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 할 수 있다. 조직성과를 구성하는 조직관리, 성과지향성, 동기부여에 모든 사회자본 및 지적자본을 구성하는 요인이 직접적인 영향을 주고 있지는 않지만, 조직성과관리를 구성하는 조직관리, 성과지향성, 동기부여 모두 사회자본 및 지적자본의 일부 또는 전부의 요인에 의해 직접적인 영향을 받고 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 조직 관리와 조직성과향상에 있어서 자본과 인력 등의 물질적 자본뿐만 아니라 사회자본 및 지적자본과 같은 무형자산에 의해 영향을 받는다는 의미를 부여한다. This study assumes that organization capacities depend on not only the abilities of individual members in organization, but also the relationships among the members and sub-organizations in the organization, and these effective relationships ultimately develop the performances of an organization. The study examines the relationship between social capital and intellectual capital, which includes the human capital, structural capital, and customer capital, and analyzes whether the intellectual capital and social capital affect the effective organization performance management, In this analysis, some meaningful results are founded. First, there is positive relationship between social capital and intellectual capital. Second, social capital and intellectual capital in organization affect positively the organization performance. Even though all the elements of social capital and intellectual capital don't directly affect the organization management, performance inclination, and motivation in organization, some of the elements directly or indirectly affect the factors of organization performance. It means that the organization performance is influaced not only by the physical capital, that is economic capital and human capital, but also by the invisible capital, such as social capital and intellectual capital.