조기위암(早期胃癌)의 치험(治驗)1예(例)

김진환,오인혁 대한소화기학회 1970 대한소화기학회지 Vol.2 No.1

유럽녹색물류의 정책적 시사점과 교훈

김진환 한국유통과학회 2014 유통과학연구 Vol.12 No.2

Purpose - As economic activities between different countries have rapidly spread in a world of free trade, it is inevitable that a large volume of cargo will be carried between countries. It is natural, then, that CO2 emissions and other environmental pollutions have followed, which exposes people and society to serious environmental problems and social costs, and so on. Therefore, the need to understand logistics is not only a matter of transportation but also an environmentally oriented matter. The purpose of this study is to look at some lessons and implications from the European case in terms of green logistics matters. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to look into this matter, first, it has to be established that some cargo transport volumes using different transportation modes have clearly declined because of previous economic recessions. Some transport policies produced by the European Union (EU) are based in a long history of struggling to cope with transport matters in European countries. In its recent transport policies, the EU has provided greener transportation alternatives, realizing that pollution matters affect the European transport market. This study tries to determine what policies the EU has implemented to deal with green logistics matters. This study concentrates in particular on the Marco Polo program in the EU. Results - This study found that the EU seems to consider these kinds of matters, that is, transport and the environment in the context of green logistics. The EU launched some policy instruments to solve this matter relatively earlier than other countries and reviewed them as necessary. In order to make these policy tools work, the EU provided PACT for combined transport, and then the Marco Polo I and II European transport white paper packages. These European policies deal with green logistics matters in two ways. First, some restrictions have been imposed, especially taxation, and so on. Transport subsidies are also powerful means of handling green logistics matters in Europe. Along with these two means of dealing with transport and the environment, the EU eventually targeted integration of different transport modes. Instead of employing only a single transport instrument mode to deliver the cargo to be carried, such as trucking, rail, ocean-going carrier, flight, or inland waterway transport, the EU has proposed that combining transport modes is the best alternative for transport and the environment. That is, the EU is pursuing the adoption of multimodalism as an answer to the green logistics challenge as it provides a more cost efficient and more productive means of transport. Conclusions - In conclusion, multimodal transport should be considered when applying green logistics, as it can provide an alternative way to achieve transport and environmental solutions together at the present time. Two methods can be used to encourage multimodal transport: restrictions and subsidies. These are the lessons and implications from European green logistics policies.

CD/DVD를 이용한 기밀 유출 사건의 포렌식 증거 분석 방법

김진환,최인석,장기식,이상진 한국디지털포렌식학회 2009 디지털 포렌식 연구 Vol.3 No.2

최근 기업 및 공공기관 등에서 발생하는 개인정보 및 산업기밀 유출 사건에 CD/DVD가 많이 이용되고 있다. 따라서 수사기고나에서는 첩보단계에서 입수되는 CD/DVD에 대한 빠르고 정확한 분석을 진행해야할 필요가 있다. CD/DVD에 대한 분석은 CD/DVD를 제작한 컴퓨터에서 증거자료 확보에 필요할 뿐만 아니라 범인의 추적 및 검거, 법원에 증거물 제출을 위해서라도 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 CD/DVD의 주 볼륨 기술자 속성과 제작시 사용되는 레코딩 프로그램에 대해 포렌식 분석절차 및 방법을 설명한다. In the recent thefts of personal information or industrial technology from private corporations or public institutions, the CDs or DVDs are being used commonly. So fast and accurated analysis of the CD or DVD media obtained in the stage of collecting information is required to the investigation institute. That analysis is crucial stage for tracking and arresting the criminal and submitting the evidences to the court as well as for the collection of the related evidence from the computer where those CD and DVD were produced. This paper will discuss the forensic analysis processes and methods related to the Primary Volume Descriptor attributuion and recoding program used in the producing the CD and DVD.

국제물류와 NODE 경쟁력에 대한 연구

김진환 한국유통과학회 2005 유통과학연구 Vol.3 No.1

This study aims to look into how we Korean ports can improve NODE competitiveness among northern-east region of Asia, and to examine a conceptual as well as practical methodology approach to be applied in terms of cluster. Also many other researches have done to take out the conclusion, which is environmental aspects as economic and logistical one in terms of northern-east region of Asia, basic concept with NODE, and matters concerning seaport from the viewpoint of hub-spoke, etc. Then finally it is suggested that we Korea has to concentrate on seaport, which is equipped with logistics cluster provide into value added logistics, in order to keep and gain the NODE competitiveness in northern-east region of Asia.

CD/DVD를 이용한 기밀 유출 사건의 포렌식 증거 분석 방법

김진환,최인식,장기식,이상진 한국디지털포렌식학회 2009 디지털 포렌식 연구 Vol.- No.5

최근 기업 및 공공기관 등에서 발생하는 개인정보 및 산업기밀 유출 사건에 CD/DVD가 많이 이용되고 있다. 따라서 수사기고나에서는 첩보단계에서 입수되는 CD/DVD에 대한 빠르고 정확한 분석을 진행해야할 필요가 있다. CD/DVD에 대한 분석은 CD/DVD를 제작한 컴퓨터에서 증거자료 확보에 필요할 뿐만 아니라 범인의 추적 및 검거, 법원에 증거물 제출을 위해서라도 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 CD/DVD의 주 볼륨 기술자 속성과 제작시 사용되는 레코딩 프로그램에 대해 포렌식 분석절차 및 방법을 설명한다. In the recent thefts of personal information or industrial technology from private corporations or public institutions, the CDs or DVDs are being used commonly. So fast and accurated analysis of the CD or DVD media obtained in the stage of collecting information is required to the investigation institute. That analysis is crucial stage for tracking and arresting the criminal and submitting the evidences to the court as well as for the collection of the related evidence from the computer where those CD and DVD were produced. This paper will discuss the forensic analysis processes and methods related to the Primary Volume Descriptor attributuion and recoding program used in the producing the CD and DVD.

T.H.I.에 의한 민간 경호경비원과 경호학과 대학생의 건강상태 조사연구

김진환 한국경호경비학회 2006 시큐리티연구 Vol.- No.12

이 연구는 경호경비직 종사자집단과 경호학과 학생집단의 신체적, 정신적, 자각상태 호소를 통해 건강프로그램이 개인의 건강에 미치는 영향과 남․여 간의 차이를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 2년 이상의 경호경비 경력자 358명과 경호학과 학생 220명을 대상으로 T.H.I.에 의한 설문지 조사를 하였으며, 자료의 분석은 건강프로그램 처치여부, 성별, 경호경력에 따른 심신자각증상 호소점수의 차이를 비교하기 위해 변량분석(Analys of Variance/ANOVA)을 실시하였고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났을 경우 사후비교 검정방법으로 Scheffe의 다중비교법을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전체적으로 경호학과 학생집단이 경호경비원 집단보다 심신자각상태 호소점수의 분포에서 낮은 평균치를 나타냈으며, 특히 정서불안정, 다자각증상, 생활불규칙, 우울성, 호흡기, 눈과 피부, 공격성에서 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 2. 건강프로그램 처치 후 남․여간 심신자각상태의 비교에서는 모든 항목에서 남성이 여성보다 낮게 나타났으며, 허구성 및 호흡기 항목에서만 통계적으로 유의 하지 않았고, 그 외 항목에서는 유의한 차를 보여주었다. 3. 경호경비 경력에 따른 경호경비원의 심신자각상태 비교에서는 정서불안정, 우울성, 허구성 항목에서 유의한 차이가 나타났는데 정서불안정 및 우울성은 경호경비 경력이 많을수록 낮았고, 허구성은 오히려 경호경비경력이 많을수록 높게 나타났다.

Studies on Sustainable Policies of EuropeanIntermodal Transport System

김진환 한국유통과학회 2011 유통과학연구 Vol.9 No.2

Transport is animportant sector of government regulation. Every country has its own transport policy, but European countries are evolving a common transport policy, which has a long history. The establishment of a consistent common policy in the EU’s transport sector is still underway. The key motivations of this policy are 1) to establish and implement a common transport policy, 2) to clarify the concept of sustainability in the transport sector, and 3) to integrate transport services into a common infrastructure. One of the policy’s objectives is the progressive movement towards sustainable development in the transport section. The EU’stransport policy has recognised that intermodality is a very important competitive tool. The EU’s policy thrustin intermodal transport can be catergorised into infrastructure, technology, and standards and rules. However, obstacles to success can be detected. Cases like that of TEN-T and Marco Polo illustrate European intermodal policies in practice. As regards sustainability in the transport sector, intermodality can be an alternative solution to the increasing imbalance between transport modes and congestion arising from increased road use. Sustainability has been emphasised by the EU, which aims to establish intermodality in its future alternative transport systems while fostering sustainable development in the transport sector. Therefore, intermodality can be defined as a general trend in the current transport market, drawing interest from public institutions and transport-related market players. The EU has thus made an effort to facilitate intermodality in its territory, materialised through various policy options. Therefore, looking into the EU’s intermodal transport policies is worthwhile, as doing so can provide useful lessons for all concerned parties.

Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Korean Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain Resulting from Neuropathic Low Back Pain

김진환,홍재택,이종서,김근수,석경수,김진혁,박예수,장봉순,전득수,김영훈,이정희,김우기,이정섭,박시영,오인수,홍재영,신현철,김우경,김주한,이정길,김인수,하윤,임수빈,김상우,한인호,신전재,임병철,김영우,이준영 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.6

Study Design: A noninterventional, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Purpose: We investigated the prevalence of neuropathic pain (NP) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of the quality of life (QoL) and functional disability in Korean adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Overview of Literature: Among patients with CLBP, 20%–55% had NP. Methods: Patients older than 20 years with CLBP lasting for longer than three months, with a visual analog scale (VAS) pain score higher than four, and with pain medications being used for at least four weeks before enrollment were recruited from 27 general hospitals between December 2014 and May 2015. Medical chart reviews were performed to collect demographic/clinical features and diagnosis of NP (douleur neuropathique 4, DN4). The QoL (EuroQoL 5-dimension, EQ-5D; EQ-VAS) and functional disability (Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale, QBPDS) were determined through patient surveys. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to compare PROs between the NP (DN4≥4) and non-NP (DN4<4) groups. Results: A total of 1,200 patients (females: 65.7%; mean age: 63.4±13.0 years) were enrolled. The mean scores of EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, and QBPDS were 0.5±0.3, 55.7±19.4, and 40.4±21.1, respectively. Among all patients, 492 (41.0%; 95% confidence interval, 38.2%– 43.8%) suffered from NP. The prevalence of NP was higher in male patients (46.8%; p <0.01), in patients who had pain based on radiological and neurological findings (59.0%; p <0.01), and in patients who had severe pain (49.0%; p <0.01). There were significant mean differences in EQ-5D (NP group vs. non-NP group: 0.4±0.3 vs. 0.5±0.3; p <0.01) and QBPDS (NP group vs. non-NP group: 45.8±21.2 vs. 36.3±20.2; p <0.01) scores. In the multiple linear regression, patients with NP showed lower EQ-5D (β=−0.1; p <0.01) and higher QBPDS (β=7.0; p <0.01) scores than those without NP. Conclusions: NP was highly prevalent in Korean patients with CLBP. Patients with CLBP having NP had a lower QoL and more severe dysfunction than those without NP. To enhance the QoL and functional status of patients with CLBP, this study highlights the importance of appropriately diagnosing and treating NP.

태그 경로 및 텍스트 출현 빈도를 이용한 HTML 본문 추출

김진환,김은경,Kim, Jin-Hwan,Kim, Eun-Gyung 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.25 No.12

웹 페이지에서 필요한 텍스트를 정확하게 추출하기 위해 본문이 존재하는 곳의 태그와 스타일 속성을 웹 크롤러에 명시하는 방법은 웹 페이지 구성이 변경될 때마다 본문을 추출하는 로직을 수정해야 하는 문제가 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이전 연구에서 제안한 텍스트의 출현 빈도를 분석하여 본문을 추출하는 방법은 웹 페이지의 수집 채널에 따라 성능 편차가 크다는 한계점이 있었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 텍스트의 출현 빈도뿐만 아니라 웹 페이지의 DOM 트리로부터 추출된 텍스트 노드의 부모 태그 경로를 분석하여 다양한 수집 채널에서 높은 정확도로 본문을 추출하는 방법을 제안하였다. In order to accurately extract the necessary text from the web page, the method of specifying the tag and style attributes where the main contents exist to the web crawler has a problem in that the logic for extracting the main contents. This method needs to be modified whenever the web page configuration is changed. In order to solve this problem, the method of extracting the text by analyzing the frequency of appearance of the text proposed in the previous study had a limitation in that the performance deviation was large depending on the collection channel of the web page. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a method of extracting texts with high accuracy from various collection channels by analyzing not only the frequency of appearance of text but also parent tag paths of text nodes extracted from the DOM tree of web pages.

건기 조건의 사면 안정 해석과 관련된 문제점 고찰 및 대안

김진환,백용,권오일,박재우,Kim. Jinhwan,Baek. Yong,Kwon. O-Il,Park. Jae-Woo 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

우리나라의 사면 설계 기준안전율은 건기조건과 우기조건으로 구분하여 제시되고 있다. 일반적으로 건기 기준안전율은 1.5, 우기시 1.2~1.3으로 되어 있다. 현재 제안하고 있는 동일 사면에 대한 건기, 우기 설계 기준안전율의 조건은 몇 가지 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 사면 설계 조건의 문제점을 파악해보고자 사면안정해석 프로그램을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 임의의 사면에 대해 건기시 기준안전율과 우기시 기준안전율을 계산하였으며 보강 공법을 적용하여 안정해석을 수행하였다. 또한 국외사면 설계 조건을 조사하여 우리나라의 조건과 비교, 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 건기, 우기로 구분하여 사면안정해석을 수행할 경우, 우기 안정해석 결과가 기준안전율에 만족할 경우, 건기 안정해석 결과는 항상 기준안전율을 만족하는 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 현재 안정해석 조건에 문제가 있음을 지시하며 건기시 안정해석을 제외하는 등의 개선이 필요하다고 판단된다. Safety factors used in slope design is divided into wet and dry condition. In general, a safety factor of 1.5 is used for the dry condition and 1.2~1.3 is used for the wet condition. Unfortunately the application of safety factor for the wet and dry condition for the same slope has some problems. Slope stability analysis programs were used to determine problems in the slope design conditions. Stability analysis were performed and reinforcements to calculate safety factor for the wet and dry condition of arbitrary slope. Slope designed conditions used in Korea and other countries were analyzed and compared. When slope stability analysis for the wet and dry condition is performed separately, it was determined from the result of the study that the safety factor for the dry condition is always satisfied when the safety factor for the wet condition is satisfied. This shows that there is a problem in the condition of stability analysis that is currently used and modifications must be made except the dry conditions analysis.