An Investigation on the Life of Master Won Guk Lee, the Creator of Chung-Do-Kwan

( Seon Young Jung ),( Jun Ho Lee ),( Seung Woo Shin ),( Chun Hwan Cho ),( Seung Hyun Jang ),( Won Shin ) 경남대학교 기초과학연구소 2014 기초과학지 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this study is to review (or, investigate) the life of Won Guk Lee. He is the creator of Chung-Do-Kwan, which is one of the five original Taekwondo kwans. Data was gathered from advanced research, newspapers, documentaries, the Internet, magazines, and journals etc. Thus, we were able to create a sequence of events based on the research data. First, we can say that in Won Guk Lee``s career, he created Chung-Do-Kwan and brought Dangsoodo to Korea. These events have had a significant development on Taekwondo. Second, Taekwondo curriculum, which was published by Won Guk Lee, established the foundation of Taekwondo poomsae, as well as giving us the pure spirit of Korean martial arts.

플립칩 패키지의 신뢰성 향상에 관한 연구

이선병(Sun Byung Lee),김종민(Jong Min Kim),이성혁(Seong Hyuk Lee),신영의(Young Eui Shin) 한국생산제조학회 2007 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

A solder joint fatigue failure of flip chip (FC) package is mainly caused by the thermal stress due to the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between the silicon die and the substrate. A nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted to investigate solder joint reliability under thermal cycling loading for FC assemblies without and with underfill. The effect of the solder joint height and thermomechanical properties such as CTE and Young's modulus on reliability of FC package. For parametric study, a finite element analysis are performed for seven different CTEs and five different Young's moduli of underfill. The concentrated Von Mises stress of the underfilled FC assembly was approximately 85% comparing that of FC assembly without underfill. Also, the concentrated stresses in the solder joint was decreased with increasing solder joint height. In addition, it is found that the solder joint reliability was improved with increasing Young's Modulus of underfill. Furthermore, the solder joint reliability was improved as the CTE was close to that of solder.

쓰레기 매립장 주변 농촌 주민들의 삶의 질 연구

이명경,최준열,김인경,조영아,김영신,정혜진,김리나,이영규,조영태,Lee, Myung-Kyung,Choi, Jun-Yeol,Kim, In-Kyoung,Cho, Yeong-Ah,Kim, Young-Shin,Jung, Hye-Jin,Kim, Li-Na,Lee, Young-Kyu,Cho, Young-Tae 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to examine if a garbage dumping site has real and negative influence on the quality of life (QOL) for the nearby residents. The net effects of the residential distance from the garbage dumping site and from the garbage truck route were investigated for five domains of the QOL. Methods: Two hundred fifty seven Shin-dong Myeon residents, Chun-cheon Si, participated in a self-administrated survey. The Shin-dong Myeon garbage dumping site began operating in 1996. ANCOV A with generalized linear models and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: Descriptive analyses show that a residence nearby a garbage dumping site is negatively associated with the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The residential distance from the garbage truck route does not exert any significant effect on various domains of QOL, except for the environmental domain. On the multivariate analysis, the residents living near the garbage dumping site tended to have a significantly negative QOL in the physical and environmental domains. However, the distance from the garbage truck route did not show a significant nor substantial effect on the QOL. The demographic and socioeconomic control variables are associated with a number of the QOL domains, and their patterns are consistent with the general expectations. Conclusions: The results indicated that a garbage dumping site is considered to be an environmental hazard among the nearby residents according to the lower scores on the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The findings from this study provide comprehensive understanding on the residents' QOL, and they may help politicians and policy makers make decisions for appropriate interventions.

중증 재생불량성 빈혈 환자의 동종골수이식 후에 병발한 간정맥폐색질환(Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease)의 임상 경과 및 혈액응고 인자들의 변화

이제환,이규형,최성준,민영주,김신,이정신,김상희,박찬정,지현숙,김우건 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1999 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.4 No.2

연구배경: 재생불량성 빈혈 경우에는 조혈모세포 이식 후 VOD의 발생에 관한 보고가 거의 없는 실정이다. 저자 등은 cyclophosphamide와 antithymocyte globulin으로 전처치 후에 동종골수이식을 시행한 재생불량성 빈혈 환자들을 대상으로 하여 VOD의 발생과 임상 양상, 혈액응고 인자들의 변화에 관하여 분석하여 보았다. 방법: 재생불량성 빈혈로 동종골수이식을 시행 받은 13예 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 기준에 따라 VOD를 진단하였으며 임상 경과에 따라서 경중을 분류하였다. Protein C, protein S, antithrombin Ⅲ, tPA, PAI-1 등의 혈액응고 인자들을 전처치 투여전, 골수 주입당일, 이식 후 제7, 14, 21일에 측정하였다. 결과: 7예(53.8%)에서 VOD가 발생하였으며, 경증 5예, 중등도 2예였다. VOD군에서 혈소판치가 20.000/㎕ 이상을 유지하는 데까지 걸리는 시간이 더 길었다(p=0.026). 또한 VOD군에서 적혈구 및 혈소판의 수혈 요구량이 각각 유의하게 많았다(p=0.025, 0.015). 혈액응고 인자들의 변화를 보면, 제 0일에 VOD군에서 PAI-1의 혈중 농도가 유의하게 더 높았다.(p=0.034). 결론: 재생불량성 빈혈환자에서도 조혈모세포 이식 후에 VOD의 높은 발생률을 관찰하였으며, 대부분이 경증이었다. VOD 환자에서의 혈액응고 인자들의 변화는 PAL-1이 VOD의 감별 진단을 위하여 이용될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. Background: There are few reports about the occurrence of hepatic veno-occlusive disease(VOD) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA). We analyzed the incidence and clinical outcomes of VOD and changes of coagulation factors in patients with SAA who were conditioned with cyclophosphamide plus ATG and underwent allogeneic BMT. Methods: Thirteen patients with SAA who underwent allogeneic BMT were included. A diagnosis of VOD was made according to clinical criteria, and severity of VOD was classified according to clinical course. Plasma levels of protein C, protein S, antithrombin Ⅲ, t-PA, and PAI-1 were determined before preparative chemotherapy, in the day of marrow infusion, and days 7, 14, and 21. Results: VOD occurred in 7/13(53.8%). Five were mild VOD and two were moderate VOD. Time to platelet ≥20,000/L was slower (p=0.026) and red cell and platelet transfusion requirements were higher (p=0.025,0.015) in patients with VOD . The mean plasma level of PAI-1 at 0 were higher in patients with VOD (p=0.034). Conclusion: We observed the high incidence of VOD after allogeneic BMT in patients with SAA. A majority of cases of VOD were mild. The changes of PAI-1 after BMT may be useful marker of hepatic VOD

전신마취 후 발생한 악성고열증 환자의 치료 경험

이근무,정승환,이정한,정순호,최영균,김영재,신치만,박주열,이영민 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Malignant hyperthermia is the disorder of calcium regulation within skeletal muscle associated predominantly with anesthesia. It is triggered by volatile anesthetics and depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. We experienced a case of malignant hyperthermia. 50 years old female patient was transferred to our emergency room that she was developed tachyarrhythmia and high fever. She was taken arthroscopic examination under the general anesthesia with enflurane and succinylcholine. We suspected malignant hyperthermia and promptly treated her with dantrolene sodium. She was developed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and acute renal failure then we were intensive care to her. She was discharged without sequela. We experienced successful management of malignant hyperthermia.

암환자에서 다른 신경학적 증상이 동반되지 않는 두통 : 예비 보고

이성형,안미영,백신혜,이형석,신동익,이상수 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2010 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.20 No.1

연구목적 : 암환자에서 신경학적 결손이나 발작 등이 동반되지 않는 두통의 원인과 이런 경우 심각한 두개내 질환에 의한 이차두통을 의심할 수 있는 소견의 진단적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2005년 10월부터 2009년 1월까지 신경학적 결손이나 발작을 동반하지 않는 두통이 발생한 71명의 암환자를 대상으로 하였다. 자세한 병력을 청취하고 신경학적 검사를 하였으며, 환자의 상황에 따라 적절한 조합의 뇌MRI, 뇌CT, 및 뇌척수액 검사를 시행하였고, 최소한 3개월 이상 추적 관찰하였다. 이 소견을 종합하여 두통의 국제분류 기준(The International Classification of Headache Disorders, second edition) 에 따라 두통을 진단하였다. 또한 심각한 두개내 질환에 의한 이차두통을 의심할 수 있는 소견인 있는 환자군과 없는 환자군 사이에 중추신경계로의 전이빈도가 차이가 나는지 알아보았다. 결과 : 71명 중에 8.5%인 6명에서 중추신경계로의 전이가 관찰되었는데 심각한 두개내 질환에 의한 이차두통을 의삼할 수 있는 소견이 있었던 18명 중에 4명(22.2%), 이런 소견이 없었던 53명 중에 2명(3.8%)이었다. (상대위험도 5.89, 95% 신뢰구간 1.18-29.49). 두통의 다른 원인으로는 지주막하 출혈이 1명, 중추신경계 이외의 감염에 의한 두통이 6명, 항암제에 의한 두통이 1명, 고혈압성 두통이 1명, 방사선 치료와 관련된 두통이 1명, 원발성 찌름두통이 3명, 긴장성 두통이 51명이었다. 결론 : 심각한 두개내 질환에 의한 이차두통을 의심할 수 있는 소견의 유무가 암환자에서 발생하는 두통의 감별진단에 유용하며, 이러한 소견이 동반되지 않는 경우의 두통은 대부분 양성이다. 하지만 이러한 결론을 바탕으로 향후 보다 많은 대상 환자군을 통한 연구가 필요할 것이다. Purpose: Headache in patients with systemic malignancy is a great concern to neurologists. We performed this study to investigate the frequency of metastasis as the cause of headache in the patients with systemic malignancy and the usefulness of symptoms suggesting underlying serious pathologies especially when headaches do not accompany any other neurological symptoms. Materials and Methods: From October 2005 to January 2009, we prospectively collected 71 patients with systemic malignancy complaining headache but not having any other accompanying neurological symptoms. After thorough history taking and neurological examination, we performed a neuroimaging (MRI or CT) and CSF study according to the clinical situations of individual patients and followed them at least 3 months and diagnosed headaches according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, second edition (ICHD-II). We compared the incidence of intracranial metastasis between headaches with symptoms suggesting underlying serious illness and those without. Results: Six (8.5%) out of 71 patients had intracranial metastasis: 4(22.2%) out of 18 patients with symptoms suggesting underlying serious illness, 2(3.8%) out of 53 patients without them (relative risk 5.89, 95% confidence interval 1.18-29.49). Other causes included subarachnoid hemorrhage (1 patient), headache attributed to infection (6), headache attributed to drug (2), hypertensive headache (1), headache attributed to radiotherapy (1), primary stabbing headache (3), and tension headache (51). Conclusion: This study suggests that headache symptoms suggesting underlying serious disorder are valuable in differentiating the causes of headache without any other accompanying neurological symptoms in patients with systemic malignancy and headaches without those symptoms might be usually benign. However, more broad study should be made for these value and relationship.

개에서 결직장 연접부의 림프종 1례

이재일,이수진,김영석,김명진,조성환,신상태,이영원,김명철 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2003 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.-

A five years old female Shih-tzu was referred to the veterinary medical teaching hospital at Chungnam national university with soft bloody diarrhea and tenesmus. On rectal palpation, solid mass was palpated in colorectal region. In radiographs, small intestine was deviated cranially, descending colon and rectal junction were deviated caudoventrally in lateral projection of the abdomen. In ultrasonographs, hypoechoic nodulation of mesenteric lymph node in colorectal junction, mixed echoic thickening of colorectal wall and irregular margination were observed. Rectal endoscopy revealed that colorectal men was partially obstructed due to compression of the mass. Also, severe ulceration, inflammation and hemorrhage were also observed in descending colon. The mass was resected through the laparotomy. In histopathology, it was diagnosis of lymphoma in the colorectal junction.

Exercise Training suppresses vascular fibrosis in aging obesity induced rats

( Shin Young Kim ),( Jin Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2014 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.18 No.2

Shin Young Kim and Jin Lee. Exercise Training suppresses vascular fibrosis in aging obesity induced rats. JENB., Vol. 18, No. 2, pp.175-180, 2014 [Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise training (ET) on vascular fibrosisin aging model rats with diet-induced obesity. [Methods] Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: Aging control (A-C), A-C with high fat diet (AHF), AHF with ET (AHF + ET). Aging was induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and obesity was induced by HFD (60% fat) for 9 weeks. The experimental rats performed swimming (60 min/day, 5 days/week) for8 weeks. All rat aorta samples were harvested for RT-PCR and morphologic analyses. [Results] The exercise training significantly decreased levels of AT-1, TGF-ß and Coll-1 gene expression compared to AHF group. The AHF + ET group showed a reduced collagen accumulation in the aorta media compared to AHF group. [Conclusion] These results suggest that ET could protect the aging obesity aorta against down-regulation of fibrotic factors (AT-1, TGF-ß and Coll-1 gene) and fibrosis by inhibition of collagen accumulation in the aorta media. [Keyword] Exercise training, vascular fibrosis

영·유아 언어, 인지, 사회·정서 발달 평가도구 문항 개발을 위한 예비연구

이종숙,신은수,박은혜,김영태,유영의,최일선,유흥옥 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2009 교육과학연구 Vol.40 No.3

본 연구는 만 2~5세 영·유아의 발달 상태를 객관적으로 평가함과 동시에 발달이 지연된 영·유아를 선별할 수 있는 발달평가도구 문항을 개발하기 위한 예비연구이다. 이를 위해 문헌고찰 및 발달관련 평가도구들을 비교 분석하여 발달지표를 선정하고, 만 2세~5세까지의 영·유아의 언어, 인지, 사회·정서발달영역을 교사관찰에 기초하여 평가할 수 있는 문항을 개발하였다. 연구대상은 대도시, 중소도시, 읍면 소재지 별로 표집 된 만 2세부터 5세까지 총 13개 유아교육기관에 다니는 435명의 영·유아들이며, 본 연구에서 최종 개발된 평가도구의 문항은 총 141문항이다. 평가도구 문항은 언어, 인지, 사회·정서발달영역별로 영·유아의 행동과 언어를 중심으로 교사가 관찰하고, 관찰하기 어려운 문항에 대해서는 단서와 kit를 제시하여 평가할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 개발된 평가도구 문항의 적절성을 알아보기 위하여 내용 타당도와 내적 신뢰도를 살펴본 결과 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. This was a preliminary study to construct a developmental rating scale for understanding children's objective developmental levels and screening developmental disabilities. For this purpose, a developmental indicator was selected by a literature review and comparative analysis of related developmental assessment tests. An assessment scale based on teacher's observations to measure language, recognition, and social-emotional developmental areas was developed. The subjects were 435 young children aged 2 to 5 who lived in both urban and rural areas. A trial test consisted of 141 assessment items in the language, recognition, and social-emotional developmental domains. The developmental scale was evaluated by teachers who observed children's behavior and language, and used clues and kits. Tests on validity and reliability for confirming the appropriateness of the developed assessment scale showed that content was relatively valid and internally consistent.

기관지 방선균증의 임상 1례

이은영,장태원,정만홍,옥철호,이규원,손창배,이지숙,신은경,서정아,백종현,김영옥 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection, whitch infiltrates mucosa-associated tissues. Thoracic, pelvic and cervicofacial infections of actinomyces are not uncommon, but endobronchial actinomycosis is rarely reported. We report a case of a 29 year old man who presented with a recurrent pneumonia and chronic cough. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed occlusion of the right. lower medio-basal segment bronchus with exophytic endobronchial mass. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically by demonstration of sulfur granules in the bronchoscopic biopsy of the mass. Intravenous administration of amoxacillin and clindamycin followed by oral amoxacillin and clindamycin therapy resulted in complete recovery.