김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석을 이용한 분류학적 연구

이정숙,정민철,김우식,이근철,김홍중,박찬선,이헌주,주윤정,이근종,안종석,박완,박용하,민태익 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

표준균주를 포함한 230여개의 김치유래 젖산균에 대한 균체지방산(FAMEs)을 분석하였다. FAMEs profiles는 Euclidian Distance 17.5에 의해 7개의 Major Cluster와 1개의 Single Cluster로 나뉘어졌다. 이중 A, B, C 및 Cluster는 Leuconostoc속으로 분석되어졌고, F는 Lactobacillus속으로 분석되어졌다. 그리고 E와 G cluster는 두개의 Genus가 혼재되어 나타났으며 보충적인 연구가 필요하다. 앞으로 김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석결과를 기반으로 한 데이타베이스에 95가지 탄소원을 이용하는 수치분류학적 접근방법 및 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry 등의 화학적 분석 방법과 분자친화적 연구를 통한 종합적 분류정보 체계가 갖추어지면 젖산균의 신속, 정확한 동정 및 연구에 활발히 이용되어질 것이다. Two hundreds and thirty lactic acid bacteria, mostly isolated from Kimchi, including type strains were sued for analysis of cellular fatty acids. The 230 test strains were recoverd in 7 major and 1 single clusters defined a Euclidian distance of 17.5. These aggregate taxa were equivalent to the genus Leuconostoc (aggregate group A, B, C and D), and the genera Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus (aggregate group G). It is concluded as evident that FAMEs (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) profile of cell can be used as a criterion in classification of lactic acid bacterial from kimchi. Additional comparative taxonomic studies need to be carried out on well chosen representative strains to determine the most appropriate methods of value.

Fluoxetine이 Schedule-Induced Polydipsia가 유발된 백서 뇌에서 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 발현에 미치는 영향

이기철,이정호,최영민,정주호,정홍경,이용민,김도형,이대환 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

연구목적: Fluoxetine은 serotonin을 매개하여 간접적으로 dopamine 신경전달기능을 억제한다고 추정되고 있다. 또한 운동장애에서 운동기능의 악화를 유발한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 신경세포체에서 fluoxetine이 dopamine에 어떠한 영향을 주는지는 아직까지 확실치 않다. 저자들은 schedule-induced polydipsia를 유발시킨 백서 뇌의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) 발현이 저하됨을 발견하였다. 이를 통해서 fluoxetine이 백서 뇌의 dopamine 기능에 긍정적인지 혹은 부정적인지를 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 4주간의 schedule-induced polydipsia 과정을 거친 백서에서 면역죄치화학적인 방법으로 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 저하됨을 확인한 후, 실험동물들에게 fluoxetine 10mg/kg를 3주간 복강내 주사하였다. 실험백서들을 희생시켜 뇌 조직을 적출하여, TH 면역조직화학 염색법을 이용하여 흑질, 복부피개영역, 그리고 미상핵의 TH 면역반응세포를 관찰하고 이를 정상백서와 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 다갈증이 유발된 백서의 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵에서 tyrosine hydroxylase 발현이 정상백서 보다 저하됨을 관찰하였다. 2) 3주간에 걸친 fluoxetine 투여후 흑질, 복부피개영역, 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase 발현이 다시 증가하는 소견을 보였다. 결론: Fluoxetine 만성투여가 흑질, 복부피개영역 그리고 미상핵의 tyrosin hydroxylase를 증가시키는 소견을 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 임상에서 dopamine 결핍과 연관된 질환들에서 fluoxetine을 만성투여하면 운동기능을 포함한 증상들의 개선을 가져올 수도 있다고 추정된다. Objective: It has been suggested that fluoxetine inhibits the dopaminergic neurotransmission by serotonergic mediation. And also, it has been shown to inhibit synthesis of DOPA in dopamine-rich areas of the rat forebrain. These dopamine-antagonistic capacity of fluoxetine is only supported by anecdotal report that the increased amount of motor disability in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease after exposure to fluoxetine. However, there is still no evidence of the direct effect of fluoxetine on dopaminergic neuronal cell body in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine in rat brain which showed decreased numbers of dopaminergic neuronal cell body induced by schedule-induced polydipsia(SIP). Method: We incidentally found that 4 weeks of schedule-induced polydipsic rats revealed the suppression of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen with the immunohistochemistric measures. After 3 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of 10mg/kg of fluoxetine to the schedule induced polydipsic rats, the tyrosine hydroxylase expression was also measured with immunohistochemistry. We compared the tyrosine hydroxylase expression among the normal control, the polydipsic rats, and the rats with fluoxetine treatment. Results: 1) By contrast with the control, the polydipsic rats revealed the evidence of decreased tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. 2)After daily injection of fluoxetine for 3 weeks, the polydipsic rats showed increment of tyrosine hydroxyase expression in those areas. Conclusions: In previous studies, a great deal of results suggest that fluoxetine negatively influence the dopaminergic systems indirectly via serotonergic activation such as inhibition of dopamine synthesis or transport system. Although our results are obtained from rodents, we suggest that fluoxetine directly and positively enhance the dopamine system in the substantia nigra, VTA, caudate & putamen. The chronic adminstration of fluoxetine may be helpful to dopamine-depleted condition in clinical situations. We anticipate the replication studies of our findings and well-controlled clinical trial.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

역행성 골수강내 금속정을 이용한 원위 대퇴골 간부 및 과상부 골절의 치료

이상홍,이준영,하상호,손홍문,이광철 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

에탄올을 장기간 섭취한 백서에서 Acamprosate 투여가 Nitric Oxide Synthase 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이승휘,이희제,정주호 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

에탄올이 백서의 해마에서 Neuropeptide Y 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이희제,정주호,이주영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

Risperidone이 백서의 억제된 자발적 교대행동에 미치는 영향

이기철,이정호,김진규,정홍경,천강훈,류정환,최영민,전성일 대한생물치료정신의학회 1998 생물치료정신의학 Vol.4 No.2

Objectives : Recently, some case reports have shown that risperidone is effective to refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Possible explanations for efficacy of risperidone in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder maybe due to that it is both serolonin and dopamine receptor antagonist. On the basis of serotonin-dopamine interaction hypothesis, a biological etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the effect of risperidone was evaluated to the suppressed spontaneous alternation behaviour of animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rats. Methods : The apparatus for spontaneous alternation behaviour was a black plexiglas T-maze with distinctive black and white goal boxes. Black gullotine doors separated the start box and the goal boxes from the main body of the T-maze Small cups were placed in the corners of both goal boxes(all arms measured 50×10cm) 24 hours prior to experiment, rats(Spraque-Dawley) were food-deprived. The food-deprived rats were put into T-maze, in which both goal boxes were baited with small amounts of chocolate milk. Each rat was given 2 set of 7 trials during which it was placed in the start box and allowed to choose the one of the goal boxes for checked. After baseline of the number of choices of spontaneous alternation behaviour was stabilized, the pontaneous alternation disrupted by nonselective 5-HT agonist, 5-MeODMT (1.25mg/kg/IP). The experimental animals were stratified into 5 groups, fluoxetine(10mg/kg/IP), risperidone(0.1mg/Kg/IP), haloperidol(0.1㎎/Kg/IP), fluoxetine(10mg/Kg) with haloperidol(0.1 mg/Kg), and saline(0.5cc/IP) control group. Each drugs were injected for 21 days as a chronic treatment. The protective effects were evaluated on the nest day of discontinuation of the each drugs among 5 groups. Results : 1) After 21 days of the drug treatment, the risperidone group and the fluoxetine group showed significant difference from the haloperidol group and the saline control group on the protection of the 5-MeODMT induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. 2) The fluoxetine group and fluoxetine with haloperidol group showed significant difference between before and after treatment in the protection of 5-MeODMT induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. The risperidone group also showed significant difference between before and after treatment in the protection of 5-MeODMT induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour, but the protective effect of risperidone was superior to fluoxetine. Conclusion : These findings suggest that both risperidone and fluoxetine have a favorable effect in the protection of 5-MeODMT induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. We think that risperidone can be possible alternatives to SSRIs in the treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder in clinical situation.

대전광역시 양축농가의 축분뇨 관리 실태 및 VOCs 농도 조사

이봉덕,이수기,오홍록,허정민,정기철,김성복 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the style of livestock house, concentration of malodorous substances of livestock feces and livestock houses in Daejeon area. Among the livestock houses investigated, as most of cow pens(94.5%) have sawdust or chaff on the bottom, there was no leakage of feces out of pen. Most pig pens adopted slury style, but some of them currently use buffering material on the bottom. It is thought that there will be no possible contamination leakage. When it comes to hen house, all the broiler house use litters on the bottom and all the layer house use scrapper. It is also thought that there will be no possible contamination leakage. 3 out of 12 deer pens used buffering material on the bottom, 10 places were maintained in a traditional method, and 7 places left possibility of contamination leakage considering whether the roof was installed or not. The contents of ammonia, amine and volatile fatty acid in fresh feces were lower compared to rotten feces, but the concentration of sulfur-containing matter - hydrogen sulfide, methylmercapthan and ethylmercapthan were higher compared to rotten feces. In the case of malodorous ingredient in livestock houses, only small amount of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were detected in pig pen and hen house, and other ingredients were not detectable. And those who are engaged in animal husbandry reacted negatively to the use of feed additives for decreasing malodor. In conclusion, it is not worrisome that contamination can be leaked out of animal raising facilities. But if we take into consideration that the point of investigation time is wintry season, there should be more considerate attitude. And feed additives for decreasing malodor need establishing criteria in the manufacturing process.

유리섬유강화 복합절연재료의 열화특성에 관한 연구

이규철,유근민,김경석,박홍태 울산대학교 1996 공학연구논문집 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구에서는 주위 환경 열화에 따른 복합절연재료의 절연특성과 수명을 향상시키기 위해 고온에서 흡습량을 변화시켰을 때와 탈습량을 변화시켰을 때 흡십시료와 탈습시료의 전기적 특성 및 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 유리섬유 각층의 흡습상수는 각각 1층에서 0.0117, 2층에서 0.0123, 3층에서 0.0152를 나타냈다. 전기적 특성 및 기계적 특성은 복합재료의 흡습에 따라 크게 떨어졌다. 70℃에서 습기가 완전히 건조되어도 흡습전의 전기적 및 기계적 특성을 얻기가 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 수분에 의해 발생한 복합절연재료내에 존재하는 많은 결함들은 에폭시 메트릭스와 필라사이에 존재하였다. The electrical and mechanical properties of moisture absorbed and moisture desorbed specimens were investigated to improve the insulating characteristics and the reliability of composite materials against environment aging. Moisture absorption constants with the layers of glass fiber showed 0.0117 in 1 layer, 0,0123 in 2 layer and 0.0152 in 3 layer, respectively. Although moisture was removed at 70℃, it was impossible to obtain the initial electrical and mechanical properties. Many defects induced by moisture were observed at the interface between epoxy matrix and filler in composite materials.

상수도관로중 주철관종의 잔존수명 평가에 관한 연구

이현동,배철호,홍성호,황재윤,곽필재 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Residual wall thicknesses, corrosion rates, and residual life of thirty four samples of cast iron pipes(CIPs) and ductile cast iron pipes(DCIPs) collected from water mains of B city were studied to estimate their remaining service life or optimum time of rehabilitation. The internal maximum corrosion depths of samples measured using a dial gauge after shot blasting were twice higher than the external in most cases. Therefore corrosion of water pipes was much more affected by internal water quality than soil. Residual wall thicknesses of DCIPs were higher than those of CIPs. That reason was thought to be that DCIPs have been protected from internal corrosion by lining cement mortar. Residual life calculated by maximum corrosion rate was ranged up to 44 years with 12.40 years average. Since most CIPs were much deteriorated, rehabilitation plan should be established soon in B city. Residual life of DCIP was 33.52 years average. When cement mortar lining is used up by neutralization of DCIPs. DCIP also should be rehabilitated.