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박시형,권용인,이제민 대한전자공학회 2024 전자공학회논문지 Vol.61 No.1
엣지 장치에서 딥 러닝 기반 추론을 위해 추론 가속기가 탑재되고 있다. 딥 러닝 추론 가속기를 통해 연산 성능과 에너지 효율을 증가시킬 수 있다. 하지만 가속기에 최적화되지 않은 모델 구조와 설정을 사용하면 메모리 접근 등의 오버헤드로 인해 최적 성능을 낼 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 사전 학습된 MobileNet v2, ResNet50 v1 모델을 사용해 NVIDIA Jetson에서 Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)와 Deep Learning Accelerator (DLA)의 추론 성능을 분석하였다. 실험을 통해 DLA에 최적화되지 않은 모델을 실행하면 GPU보다 최대 5.1배 추론 시간이 증가함을 보였다. 특히, 프로파일링을 통해 DLA에서 지원하지 않는 연산을 GPU로 폴백 (fallback)하는 과정의 오버헤드로 추론 시간이 증가함을 보였다. Inference accelerators are currently being utilized for deep learning inference on edge devices. Deep learning inference accelerators can enhance computational performance and energy efficiency. However, it is important to note that optimal performance cannot be achieved if the model structure and settings (e.g. hyperparameters) are not optimized for the accelerator, which can result in overheads, such as frequent memory access. This study analyses the inference performance of the Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) and the Deep Learning Accelerator (DLA) on NVIDIA Jetson with pre-trained MobileNet v2 and ResNet50 v1 models. The results of our experiments show that running non-optimized models on the DLA results in up to 5.1 times longer inference time compared to the GPU. This paper showed through profiling that the increase in inference time is due to the overhead of GPU fallback to perform operations not supported by DLA.
The Effects of Pre-task and Post-task Activities on L2 Vocabulary Retention
박시형,신유선 새한영어영문학회 2017 새한영어영문학 Vol.59 No.1
The study aims to explore the effects of pre-and-post task activities on vocabulary retention in L2 learners in Korea. The 64 university students participated in the study and they were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (pre-task group and post-task group). To measure their lexical retention, two main tests were administrated: a Vocabulary Size Test (VTS) and a vocabulary test (immediate and delayed test) which was designed by a researcher. A series of MANOVA and repeated-measures were used to analyze the data collected for this study. The results suggested that significant mean differences were found in task types and proficiency levels but the interaction effect between task types and proficiency levels was not found. In summary, the participants tended to obtain the higher scores in both immediate and delayed vocabulary tests when they were involved in the post-task activity. The results also revealed that the advanced learners’ performance was superior to that of the novice group learners regardless of task types, which implies that the degree of attrition on vocabulary learning tended to slow down for the advanced group learners in comparison to that of the novice group learners. Pedagogical implications and future research directions are further suggested.
박시형,Kevin W. Williams,손종우 한국통합생물학회 2022 Animal cells and systems Vol.26 No.3
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) has been shown to be involved in the suppression of appetite at the pharmacological, optogenetic and chemogenetic levels. However, the signalling that mediates activation of these neurons in physiological conditions has been hindered by difficulties in segregating different cell populations in this region. Using reporter mice, we identify at the electrophysiological level the effects of an anorexic hormone, leptin, on leptin receptor (ObR)-expressing neurons in the LPBN (LPBNObR neurons). Application of leptin caused inhibition in a subpopulation of LPBNObR neurons. This effect was mediated by an increased potassium conductance and was also accompanied by a decrease in excitatory synaptic input onto these neurons. However, mimicking the inhibitory effects of leptin on LPBNObR neurons through chemogenetics led to no changes in feeding or glucose levels, which suggests that leptin action on LPBNObR neurons may not be sufficient to regulate these metabolic aspects.
박시형,이신원,정귀화,최창훈,이순희,한정훈,김정국,하승우,김보완 대한내분비학회 2001 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.16 No.4
Autoimmune insulin syndrome is characterized by insulin autoantibody, hyperinsulinemia, and fasting hypoglycemia without previous insulin immunization. This syndrome shows discordant levels between immunoreactive insulin and C-peptide. Negative results of an anatomic study of the pancreas and an inability to reproduce hypoglycemia during a prolonged fast may be helpful in excluding insulinoma. Symptomatic hypoglycemia usually develops during an oral glucose tolerance test. This syndrome is a self-limited disorder. Recently, we experienced one case that developed symptomatic hypoglycemia during both the fasting & oral glucose tolerance test, and another that developed symptomatic hypoglycemia during the oral glucose tolerance test but not the fasting test. Hereby, we present these cases with a review of the literature