Changes in Total Aerobic Bacteria in the Ingredients of Ready-to-Eat Kimbab during the Storage at Different Temperatures

Nu Ri Kim,Jae Cheol Kim,Si Chang Yang,Ah Young Hwang,Keum Taek Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Immediate Effect of Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Direction Taping on Thoracolumbar Junction Rotation Angle During One Arm Lifting in the Quadruped Position

Nu-ri Kim,Sun-hee Ahn,Gyeong-tae Gwak,Hwa-ik Yoo,Oh-yun Kwon 한국전문물리치료학회 2021 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Background: The serratus posterior inferior (SPI) muscle originates from the spinous pro-cess of T11-L2 and inserts at the lower border of the 9–12th ribs. This muscle is involved in thoracolumbar rotation and stability. Several positions can be used to improve trunk stability; the quadruped position is a good position for easily maintaining a neutral spine. In particular, during one arm lifting, various muscles act to maintain a neutral trunk position, and the SPI is one of these muscles. If trunk stability is weakened, uncontrolled trunk rotation may occur at this time. Tape can be used to increase trunk stability. There have been no studies on the effect of taping applied to the SPI muscle on thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) stability. Objects: This study compared the TLJ rotation angle between three different conditions (without taping, transverse taping, and SPI muscle direction taping). Methods: Thirty subjects were recruited to the study (18 males and 12 females). The TLJ rota-tion angle was measured during one arm lifting in a quadruped position (ALQP). Two taping methods (transverse and SPI muscle direction taping) were applied, and the TLJ rotation angle was measured in the same movement. Results: SPI muscle direction taping significantly reduced TLJ rotation compared to that with-out taping (p < 0.001) and with transverse taping (p < 0.001). There was a significant dif-ference in the TLJ rotation angle between transverse taping and SPI muscle direction taping (p < 0.017). Conclusion: SPI muscle direction taping reduces the TLJ rotation angle during ALQP. There-fore, SPI muscle direction taping is one method to improve TLJ stability and reduce uncon-trolled TLJ rotation during ALQP.

Study for Residue Analysis of Pinoxaden in Agricultural Commodities

Kim, Ji Young,Yoon, Eun Kyung,Kim, Jong Soo,Seong, Nu Ri,Yun, Sang Soon,Jung, Yong Hyun,Oh, Jae Ho,Kim, Hyochin The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2019 한국환경농학회지 Vol.38 No.4

BACKGROUND: Pinoxaden is the phenylpyrazoline herbicide developed by Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. and marketed on 2006. The maximum residue levels for wheat and barley were set by import tolerance. Thus, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) official analytical method determining Pinoxaden residue was necessary in various food matrixes. Satisfaction of international guideline of CODEX (Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) are additional pre-requirements for analytical method. In this study, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was investigated to analyze residue of Pinoxaden (M4), which is defined as pesticide residue in Korea, in foods. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pinoxaden (M4) was extracted followed by acid digestion (2hr reflux with 1N HCl) and pH adjusting (pH 4-5 with 3% ammonium solution). To remove oil, additional clean-up step with hexane saturated with acetonitrile was required to high oil contained sample before purification. HLB cartridge and nylon syringe filter were used for purification. Then, samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS using reserve phase column C₁₈. Five agricultural group representative commodities (mandarin, potato, soybean, hulled rice, and red pepper) were used to verify the method in this study. The liner matrix-matched calibration curves were confirmed with coefficient of determination (r²) > 0.99 at calibration range 0.002-0.2 mg/kg. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.004 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively, which were suitable to apply Positive List System (PLS). Mean average accuracies of pinoxaden (M4) were shown to be 74.0-105.7%. The precision of pinoxaden and its metabolites were also shown less than 14.5% for all five samples. CONCLUSION: The method investigated in this study was suitable to CODEX (CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) guideline for residue analysis. Thus, this method can be useful for determining the residue in various food matrixes in routine analysis.

Primary Polydipsia in Children: Two Case Reports

Nu Ri Hwang,Min Sun Kim,Soon Chul Kim,이대열 대한소아신장학회 2018 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.22 No.2

Primary polydipsia (PP) is marked by an increase in thirst, and most often presents in patients with psychiatric illnesses. Although uncommon in children, we experienced cases of PP in a 15-month-old boy and a 5-year-old girl. Both were admitted to the hospital with symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria that appeared 1–3 months before admission. Brain magnetic resonance imaging in both patients was normal. A water restriction test was performed after hospitalization and showed normal results. The symptoms improved after the parents were instructed to implement water-intake restriction for 2 weeks. Our report provides useful information for the treatment of PP in children.

68 혁명과 현대독일문학 - 70 년대 문학의 경향전환론에 대한 비판적 고찰

김누리(Nu Ri Kim) 한국독어독문학교육학회 2001 獨語敎育 Vol.21 No.-

N/A

Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases 7 in the Pathogenesis of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: Decreased E-cadherin in Acid exposed Primary Human Pharyngeal Epithelial Cells

Im, Nu-Ri,Lee, Doh Young,Kim, Byoungjae,Kim, Jian,Jung, Kwang-Yoon,Kim, Tae Hoon,Baek, Seung-Kuk MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.21

<P>Cleavage of E-cadherin and the resultant weakness in the cell-cell links in the laryngeal epithelium lining is induced by exposure to acidic contents of the refluxate. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in inducing E-cadherin level changes following acid exposure to the human pharyngeal mucosal cells. E-cadherin levels were inversely correlated with the duration of acid exposure. Treatment with actinonin, a broad MMP inhibitor, inhibited this change. Immunocytochemical staining and transepithelial permeability test revealed that the cell surface staining of E-cadherin decreased and transepithelial permeability increased after acid exposure, which was significantly inhibited by the MMP inhibitor. Among the various MMPs analyzed, the mRNA for MMP-7 in the cellular component was upregulated, and the secretion and enzymatic activity of MMP-7 in the culture media increased with the acid treatment. Consequently, MMP-7 plays a significant role in the degradation of E-cadherin after exposure to a relatively weak acidic condition that would be similar to the physiologic condition that occurs in Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease patients.</P>

장기방치 건축물의 사례분석을 통한 개선방안 연구 : 원주시 우산동 사례를 중심으로

김누리(Kim, Nu Ri) 한국부동산산업학회 2018 부동산산업연구 Vol.2 No.1

공사가 중단된 채 건축물이 장기간 방치될 경우 토지가 한정적인 우리나라는 국가적으로 큰 낭비가 발생된다. 장기간 방치된 건축물은 도시 미관을 저해하고 도시에 대한 부정적 이미지를 구축시킨다. 비정비로 인해 그대로 노출된 시설물은 환경적 요인에 의해 부식이 진행되며 안전을 위협한다. 제대로 된 관리가 이루어지지 못하여 각종 범죄 및 탈선 장소로 악이용되기도 한다. 이로 인해 국가는 공공개입의 필요성을 느끼고 2013년 ｢공사중단 장기방치 건축물의 정비 등에 관한 특별조치법｣을 제정하였다. 그러나 체계적 관리 및 정비에 대한 제도가 미약하여 그에 따른 명확한 기준 제시가 필요하다. 현재 장기방치 건축물의 선도 정비 사업을 통해 국토부에서 지정된 1차, 2차, 3차 선도 정비사업 추진현황 사례를 조사 및 분석하고 ‘원주시 우산동 공동주택’의 사례를 심층 분석하여 정비사업 선도 모델로서 시행과정을 살피고 그에 따른 문제점을 제시할 필요가 있다. 꾸준한 문제점으로 사회적 악영향을 끼치고 있는 장기방치 건축물은 더 이상 특정 지역만의 문제가 아닌 국가적 차원의 문제로서 심각성을 인지하고 정비 방침을 지속적으로 개선해야한다. 본 연구는 실제 선도 정비사업의 사례를 심층 분석하고, 사례 분석상의 문제점과 법ㆍ제도상의 문제점을 도출한 뒤 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. The long-abandoned building means the building which is left abandoned or unattended for a long time after the suspension of its construction works and is referred to as the building whose construction has been suspended for more than two years. In case the building is left abandoned, it comes to cause the great waste of land at the national level in our country whose national land is limited. The abandoned building defiles the appearance of the city and builds up its negative image, coming to exert a socially adverse effect. The facility left unattended due to long non-management is deteriorated by the environmental factor and the deteriorated facility comes to threaten the safety of neighboring residents. The actual situation is that long-abandoned buildings are not properly managed, and at length their site becomes the crime-ridden area and is badly used as the place for all sorts of crimes and delinquencies. Korean government felt the need for intervention of the public sector in regenerating long-abandoned buildings having a diversity of social problems, enacted the ｢Act on Special Measures for the Regeneration of Long-abandoned Buildings Due to the Suspension of Construction Works｣ in relation to long-abandoned buildings in 2013 and made continuous legal and institutional improvement through the 2nd partial amendment of the Act in 2017. Nonetheless, it is now a high time that a clear criterion should be presented for long-abandoned buildings as there is currently a weak legal system that enables long-abandoned buildings to be managed and regenerated in a systematic way. By conducting the nationwide survey of the actual condition about abandoned buildings for the leading regeneration project of current long-abandoned buildings, the leading project site is currently selected and the regeneration project is conducted according to the regeneration plan. This study attempted to survey and analyze the case of the present situation of the promotion of the designated 1st, 2nd and 3rd leading regeneration project and make an in-depth analysis of the case of ‘Apartment Houses located in Wusan-dong Wonju City’. And it presented how the Act on the Regeneration of Abandoned Buildings has been enforced as the leading model of the regeneration project and the accompanying problems. There is a need to understand that the long-abandoned building having a socially adverse effect as the continuous problem is a serious problem at the national level, not at the local level, and to continue to improve the relevant guidelines. Therefore, this study attempted to make an in-depth analysis of the case of the actual leading regeneration project and elicit the problem related to case analysis and the relevant legal and institutional problem, thereby presenting the improvement scheme for them.

<i>Pueraria lobata</i> Extract Protects Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Death and Membrane Permeability

Kang, Nu Ri,Pyun, Bo-Jeong,Jung, Dong Ho,Lee, Ik Soo,Kim, Chan-Sik,Kim, Young Sook,Kim, Jin Sook Oxford University Press 2019 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2019 No.-

<P> <I>Background.</I> Pueraria <I>lobata</I> is used in traditional Asian medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases, diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelial cells is implicated in the pathogenesis of retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Here, we evaluated whether the <I>P. lobata</I> extract can prevent cell death and decrease membrane permeability in oxidative stress-induced human retinal pigment epithelial cells. <I>Methods.</I> The effects of <I>P. lobata</I> extract on hydrogen peroxide- (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2-</SUB>) induced oxidative stress were investigated using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. The effects of puerarin, daidzein, and daidzin isolated from <I>P. lobata</I> extract were also studied by determining cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. <I>Results.</I> Our results showed that the <I>P. lobata</I> extract inhibited ROS generation, suppressed the disruption of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and reduced membrane permeability in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2-</SUB>induced human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Additionally, the <I>P. lobata</I> extract prevented the inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation. <I>Conclusion.</I> Our findings suggest that the <I>P. lobata</I> extract has the potential to prevent AMD development by inhibiting the mechanism underlying oxidative stress-mediated ocular disorders. </P>

신규문화예술교육사의 제도 활용 및 인식에 관한 연구

김누리(Nu-Ri Kim),권은경(Eun-kyoung Kwon),박정양(Jeong-Yang Park) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.21

목적 본 연구는 신규문화예술교육사를 대상으로 현장에서 경험한 문화예술교육사 제도의 활용과 인식에 대한 다양한 측면의 이야기를 그들의 목소리를 통해 의미를 찾고자 하였다. 방법 문화예술교육사 자격증을 취득한 지 1~3년 된 신규문화예술교육사 5명을 대상으로 2021년 7월부터 2021년 10월까지 약 3개월 동안 총 10회기에 걸친 인터뷰 형식으로 진행하였으며, 연구대상자의 개인적인 특성, 문화예술교육사 자격증 취득과정 경험, 문화예술교육사 자격제도에 대한 인식, 신규문화예술교육사로서의 경험에 관하여 반 구조화된 질문 형식으로 진행하였다. 결과 연구 참여자들은 첫째, 예술가의 길이 아닌 다양한 진로를 선택할 수 있다는 점에서 긍정적인 태도를 보였다. 둘째, 문화예술교육사 제도가 취업에 유효하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 다른 분야의 문화예술교육사들과 소통할 수 있는 커뮤니티가 형성되길 바라고 있었다. 넷째, 프리랜서로 활동하는 신규문화예술교육사는 경제적 불안감을 가지고 두 가지 이상의 일을 병행하며, 문화예술교육사 자격증만으로 문화예술교육사로서 활동하기에는 한계가 있다는 것을 나타내었다. 이는 문화예술교육사 제도의 활용이 안정적인 일자리 창출을 위한 방안 및 제고가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 결론 본 연구는 신규문화예술교육사가 더 나은 문화예술교육사 자격제도의 방향성을 발견하고 모색하는 연구의 출발점이 된다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있으며, 문화예술교육사의 제도 활용 경험과 인식에 관한 이야기를 신규 문화예술교육사의 관점에서 문화예술교육사 제도 활용과 개선방안에 관하여 논의하였다. 향후 본 연구가 신규문화예술교육사들이 현장에서 느끼는 문화예술교육사 제도 활용과 인식에 관한 질적 연구로 문화예술교육사 자격제도가 올바른 방향으로 개선될 수 있는 기초자료가 될 수 있길 바란다. Objectives This study sought to find meaning through their voices in various aspects of the use and perception of the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor system experienced in the field by Arts & Culture Education Instroctor. Methods Five Arts & Culture Education Instroctor who have obtained certificates of Arts & Culture Education Instroctor from July 2021 to October 2021 were interviewed in a total of 10 interviews were conducted in a semi- structured form. Results The participants showed positive attitude in that they could choose various paths, not the path of an artist. Second, we were able to confirm that the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor system is effective for employment. Third, he hoped to create a community where he could communicate with Arts & culture education instroctor companies in other fields. Fourth, the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor, who works as a freelancer, has shown that there is a limit to working as a Arts & Culture Education Instroctor only with the qualification of a Arts & Culture Education Instroctor. This can be seen as meaningful, and it is found that the utilization of the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor system requires measures and improvements to create stable jobs. Conclusions In this study, the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor experience and perception of the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor system were discussed from the perspective of the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor. We hope that this research will serve as a basis for improving the qualification system of Arts & Culture Education Instroctor in the right direction through qualitative research on the utilization and recognition of the Arts & Culture Education Instroctor system.

보육교사의 자기격려 집단상담 프로그램 효과

김누리(Nu-Ri, Kim),박상희(Sang-hee, Park) 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.9

본 연구는 자기격려 집단상담 프로그램이 보육교사의 자기효능감과 대인관계에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 자기격려 집단상담 프로그램은 2017년 6월 1일부터 8월 10일까지 총 10회기 실시하였으며, 광주광역시 B구 A어린이집 교사 12명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 연구도구는 자기효능감에 대하여 김아영(1997)이 사용한 측정도구와 대인관계(이형득, 문선모, 1980) 측정도구를 본 연구에서 사용하였다. 본 프로그램은 1회기에서는 신뢰감, 친밀감 형성하기, 2회기에서는 격려와 공감, 3회기에서는 자기격려하기, 4회기에서는 자기수용과 존중, 5회기에서는 사회적인 관심, 6회기에서는 감정인식 및 표현훈련, 7회기에서는 효과적인 대인관계 기술, 8회기에서는 건강한 자화상, 9회기에서는 모델링 탐색하기, 10회기에서는 비전과 결단으로 구성되었다. 연구결과 자기격려 집단상담프로그램은 질높은 보육서비스를 제공하기 위해 보육교사의 전문적 역할을 수행하는데 있어 교육적 기술보다 자기효능감과 대인관계 기술이 무엇보다 중요함을 알 수 있음을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-encouragement group counseling program on self-efficacy and interpersonal relationship of child care teacher. The self-encouragement group counseling program was conducted from June 1, 2017 to August 10, 10 times, and 12 child care teacher in A daycare center of B city, in Gwangju were conducted. The research instrument used the measurement tools used by Kim Ah-young(1997) about self-efficacy and interpersonal measurement tools(Lee, Hyung-Deuk, Mun Seon-Mo, 1980). The program In the 1st session, they build confidence and intimacy. In the second session, they encourage and empathize. In the third session, they encourage themselves. In the fourth session, they accept and respect. In the fifth session, they show social interest. Interpersonal skills, healthy self-portrait in the 8th session, exploring the modeling in the 9th session, and vision and decision in the 10th session. The results suggest that self-encouragement group counseling program is that self - efficacy and interpersonal skills are more important than educational skills in performing professional roles of child care teachers to provide quality child care services.