補中益氣湯 투여가 장거리 달리기 선수의 에너지 및 전해질 대사에 미치는 영향 : changes in the energy and electrolyte metabolism among long distance runners

송순기,금동호,오재근,이명종 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1998 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.1

스포츠 과학 분야에서는 운동 선수들의 경기력 향상과 운동 피로의 신속한 회복을 도모하기 위하여 한약을 복용하고 그 효과와 유의성에 대하여 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 격심한 운동을 수행할 때 나타나는 Glucose 등 에너지원의 고갈, Lactate 등 대사 산물의 축적, 전해질의 불균형 등의 여러 제반 증상이 氣虛로 인하여 나타나는 전신의 증후와 유사하다고 생각하여 補中益氣湯을 투여한 후 인체의 대사 변화를 관찰함으로서 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향과 유의성을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 장거리 달리기 선수를 대상으로 2주간의 補中益氣湯의 투여가 에너지 대사 및 전해질대사에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 최대심박수의 70% 강도의 운동을 실시한 후 운동전 안정시, 운동 직후, 휴식 후 10분, 휴식 후 30분, 휴식 후 1시간으로 나누어 혈액검사를 하였을 때 나타나는 각종 변인의 반응 양상을 비교 분석하여 유의한 결과를 얻었다. 혈중 에너지 대사에서는 free fatty acid와 Lactate 반응에서 유의성 있는 차이가 나타났고, 전해질대사에서도 Na^(+), Cl-와 K^(+) 반응에서 모누 유의성 있는 차이를 나타냈다. 그러므로 補中益氣湯은 에너지 및 전해질 대사에서 유의성있는 변화를 나타내었으며 운동수행능력의 향상에 유효하였다. Objective This experimental study was designed to investigate effects of Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang administration among long distance runners on changes of the energy and electrolyte metabolism. Materials and Methods All subjects were divided randomly with two groups, Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang Group (N=4) and control group (N=4) and performed to run the 400m track with 70% of HR max about 1 hour. The blood samples were collected from antecubital vein by 5㎖ syringes at before exercise, immediateIy after exercise, recovering- 10 min, recovering-30 min, recovering-1 hour. These sampie were used to analyze for the factors of the changes on metabolic responses. Firest, the primary factors on the changes of the energy metabolism were checked ; Glucose, Free fatty acid, Lactate, LDH. Second, the primary factors on the changes of the electroIyte metabolisrn were checked ; Na^(+), Cl^(-), K^(+). Results 1. The change of the energy metabolism 1) Glucose response was not shown significant difference between two groups. 2) Free fatty acid response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at recover-10 min. 3) Lactate response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly decreased at immediately after exercise, recover-10 min, recover-30 min. 4) LDH response was not shown significant difference between two groups. 2. The change of the electrolyte metabolism 1) Na^(+) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was shown significant difference between two groups at before exercise. 2) C^(-) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at before exercise, immediately after exercise. 3) K^(+) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at recover-10 min. Conclusion According to the above results, it was shown that Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang had the positive effects on changes of the energy and electrolyte metabolism for the long distance runners.

A Study on Optimal Feedback Control of Decentralized Systems

( Lee¸ Dong Gi ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2002 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study is to explore optimal output feedback controller for decentralized discrete-time systems. Also, system stability is explored with various approaches. Based on sigular perturbation method, state feedback controller and output feedback controller are applied to stabilize the system.

한국해안으로부터 Purple, Non-Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium, Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24의 분리 및 특성

차미선,김기한,조순자,이나은,이정은,이재동,이상준,박재림 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.12

A species of facultative photo-organotrophic, purple, non-sulfur bacterium was isolated from the 47 point at west and south coast of Korea in September 2001. Separated 13 samples of changes with red color under 28~32 ℃, 3000 lux, anaerobe conditions for 7 days cultivated in basal medium. For pure isolation from 13 samples, we used agar-shake tube method (0.4 % agar) and separated 5 strains through 13-repetition test. EGH-24 and EGH-30 was identified as the same strain through the RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR of strain EGH-9, EGH-13, EGH-23, EGH-24, EGH-30. Four isolates cultivated in synthesis wastewater for wastewater biodegradation test. EGH-24 was selected with efficient wastwater treating strain. Based on the results obtained from morphology, nutrient requirements, major bacteriochlorophyll content, 16S-rDNA phylogenetic analysis, EGH-24 strain may be identified as a new strain of the genus Rhodobacter and named Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

지연시간의 개념확장과 그 응용

이기동 안동대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 基礎科學 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.1

In order to investigate geological structure, seismic method is the most widely used among geophysical methods. We can easily and briefly prove basic formulas for refractive method by using the broad sense of delay time.

Fluoxetine 투여후 발생한 추체외로증후군 3례

이정호,이기철,곽동일,정인과,남민 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.2

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine is one of the most frequently prescribed drugs for the treatment of depression and other psychiatric disorders. In the few years, there have been several reports of adverse effects encountered during coadministration of fluoxetine with or without other psychotropic drugs. We experienced three cases of extrapyramidal symptoms were developed when admini-stered fluoxetine alone and with neuroleptics. We conclude that there is a probable or possible causal relationship between fluoxetine and extrapyramidal side effects. The pathogenesis of such adverse reactions, which may be hetero-geneous, is unknown, but it has been suggested that they might be caused by serotonergically mediated inhibition of dopaminergic transmission. From reports in those cases, it appears that fluoxetine alone may be associated with extrapyramidal side reactions. Furthermore the potential for increased levels of concomitant psychotropic medicines and increased side effects, should be borne in mind.

카드뮴의 血液內 ALAD 活性沮害作用에 對한 마늘의 抑制效果에 關한 試驗管內實驗

李東基,閔在基,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1985 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.22 No.1

It has been already reported through animal(albino rat) experiments that Korean garlic containing abundant amount of thiol compounds such as -SH and -S-S- radicals, has the effects of reducing heavy metals and consequently improving the histopathological changes 'in some organs in case of heavy metal poisoning with cadmium and mercury. However, the mechanism of such effects produced in human body by the garlic has yet to be revealed. The hypothesis of this study is that garlic may bind with cadmium and render cadmium inactive before producing toxic effects in tissues. Therefore. to examine the binding action of garlic with the heavy metal, cadmium, garlic extracts and garlic ingredient, allyldisulfide, were first mixed prior to reacting the mixture with various concentrations of cadmium in human blood specimens, in vitro, and activities of ALAD in blood were observed. The same procedure was done with penicillamine, a chelating agent used to treat heavy metal poisoning clinically, to compare with the effect of garlic. The results are as follows: 1. While the ALAD activities of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mMoles of cadmium in blood were 17~33% of the normal one, those of cadmium reacted with garlic extract were 33~68% of the normal one. Consequently, the latter showed 15~35% increase of activity. The data shows the possibility that some part of cadmium was inactivated by garlic, by the fact that the ALAD activity of 0.01 mMole cadmium and that of 0.1 mMole cadmium with garlic extract were nearly the same. 2. In case of allyldisulfide, the suppressive effect in the inhibitory action of cadmium on the ALAD activity in blood was also observed; the potency of effect was lower than that of garlic extract. 3. Compared with penicillamine, the effect of garlic was 1.2 times that of penicillamine, and that of allyldisulfide was similar to that of penicillamine.

섬유강화 고분자 복합재료 사출성형품의 섬유배향상태

이동기,심재기,김진우 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Injection molding is the most widely used process for the industrial forming of plastic articles. During an injection molding process of composites, the fiber-matrix separation and fiber orientation are caused by the flow of molten polymer/fiber mixture. As a result, the product tends to be nonhomogeneous and anisotropic. Hence, it is very important to clarify the relations between separation. orientation and injection molding conditions. So far, there is no research on the measurement of fiber orientation using image processing. In this study, the effects of fiber content ratio and molding condition on the fiber orientation-angle distributions are studied experimentally. Using the image processing method, the fiber orientation distribution of welding parts in injection-molded products is assessed. And the effects of fiber content and injection mold shapes on the fiber orientation in case of fiber reinforced polymeric composites are studied experimentally.

구리와 철분말의 사출성형 및 소결

이혁기,이동희,장경옥 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1991 논문집 Vol.23 No.2

The mixtures of Cu or Fe powders and microcrystalline wax as binder were extruded into the long wire by metal injection molding method and sintered after debinding at different conditions. In the case of coarse(33㎛) and irregular Cu powders, the mixture containing 50 vol% wax was suitable for the uniform mixing and forming when injected at 70℃. Binder in coarse Cu powder mixtures was removed at 300℃ for 10 hours. On the other hand, for the spherical and fine Fe powders(4㎛) 30 vol% wax was appropriate and 78% of wax was removed at 400℃ for 1 hour. The density of sintered Cu specimens reached up to 73% of full density when sintered at 1000℃ for 1 hour, but that of Fe specimens was observed to be as high as 97% when sintered at 1200℃ for 1 hour after the optimum debinding.

심장으로 전이된 악성 흑색종의 고식적 절제 1예

이경수,이현희,연태진,남기병,김동운,조명찬 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.9