홍씨 앞방각측정법의 임상적 유용성

강신희,박기호,홍철,김동명,Shin Hee Kang,M,D,Ki Ho Park,M,D,Chul Hong,M,D,Dong Myoung Kim,M,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Purpose: To compare the Hong`s grading method, utilized for slit-lamp grading of the mid-peripheral angle, with other conventional grading methods. Actual angle was measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for comparison. Methods: Fifteen eyes with narrow angles and eighteen eyes with wide angles were studied. The average age of thirty-three subjects was 46.8±19.2, and the male to female ratio was 1:3.7. The mid-peripheral angle was graded by Hong`s, van Herick`s and Spaeth`s grading system. The actual anterior chamber angle was evaluated by UBM and the correlation between each grading system and actual angle was investigated. Results: The results from the Hong`s grading (r=0.802, R2=0.643, p<0.01), Spaeth`s grading (r=0.728, R2=0.530, p<0.01) and van Herick`s grading (r=0.618, R2=0.382, p<0.01) methods correlated significantly with the actual angles. Conclusions: The Hong`s grading method was an easy and effective tool to evaluate anterior chamber angle. In addition, the results of the Hong`s grading method were closer to the actual angle than the other methods.

The Gospel Implied in the Passover

Hong,Sung-Chul 한국신학교육연구원 2006 Korea Journal of Theology Vol.5 No.-

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

표피성장인자, 염기성 섬유모세포 성장인자 및 각질세포 성장인자가 LNCaP 전립선암 세포주의 PSA 분비와 PSA mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향

이홍우,김준철,서성일,황태곤 大韓泌尿器科學會 2001 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.42 No.8

Pyridine 촉매하의 Cyclohexene의 Ozonolysis

홍원표,양현수,장자순,김철규 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1988 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Terminally functionalized molecules are essential building block for the formation of polymers by polycondensation reactions. It is the major goal of this research to establish new routes for the preparation of such molecules by selective oxidation reaction of cyclohexene, using ozone as an oxydizing agent. To this purpose, it has been explored, whether the usual course of the ozonolysis of olefins can be modified with the help of specific catalyst in order to introduce the desired functional groups. In particular, the ozonolysis of cyclohexene in hydrocarbon solvents and in the presence of pyridine has been tested with the goal of preparing molecules containing one aldehyde and one carboxylic acid group. Ozonolysis of cyclohexene in hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride and pentane can be guided by catalysis with pyridine, such that the reactions afford desired molecules. In this manner, pyridine catalized ozone oxidation converted cyclohexene into the corresponding 6-oxohexanoic acid(45.87%), adipaldehyde(14.68%), and polymeric ozonide(39.45%), via the ω-formyl carbonyl oxides in CH₂Cl₂at 0℃.

4행정 SI엔진의 연소효율에 대한 준평형 모델

홍명석,안철봉 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1996 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.18 No.2

A simple but accurate model for the combustion efficiency of 4-stroke homogemeous charge spark ignition engines has been developed based upon thermochemical equilibrium arguments. This model assumes that the combustion efficiency is a function of only the fuel-air equivalence ratio for hydrocarbon fules with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio similar to that of iso-octane. This model was shown to accurately predict experimental data for ranges of compression ratio, load, ignition timing, and speed typical of the normal engine design and operation. The model slightly overpredicts the data for high than typical engine speeds and is not applicable to engines operating near the partial burn, ignition, or lean misfire limits. An example of the potential usefulness of this model is also briefly discussed.

삼일열 말라리아에 합병된 비장 파열 1예

홍경욱,이정아,김원진,박철민,권혜리,박혜원,엄중식 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.5

국내의 토착형 말라리아는 삼일열 말라리아로, 1993년부터 재유행이 시작되었다. 말라리아의 중요한 합병증으로 드물지만 비장 파열이 있는데, 이는 주로 삼일열 말라리아에 의해서 발생되며, 국내에서는 1999년 말라리아에 의한 비장 파열로 비장 절제술을 시행한 예가 보고된 바 있다. 현재까지는 비장 파열이 있을 때 비장 절제술이 일차적인 치료로 되어 있으나, 비장 절제술 후의 감염 위험성이 크므로, 활력 징후가 불안정하거나, 출혈이 지속되는 소견이 보이지 않으면 가급적 보존적 치료를 하는 것이 추천된다. 저자들은 비장 파열이 동반된 말라리아 환자에서 비장 절제술을 시행하지 않고 보존적 치료로 호전된 예를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다. Plasmodium vivax has been the predominant Plasmodium species in the Republic of Korea and reemerged in 1993. Spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen is a rare but important complication associated with P. vivax infection. Only one case of spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen was reported in Korea in 1999. Splenectomy is still accepted as the treatment of choice in cases of spontaneous rupture of the spleen. But, considering increased risk of postsplenectomy infecion, splenectomy should be reserved for those patients with severe rupture or those with continued or recurrent bleeding. And conservative treatment should be considered in selected, closely monitored patients. We report a patient with P. vivax malaria who developed a spontaneous splenic rupture and was improved by conservative treatment.

잎들깨 수량과 단백질체 발현에 미치는 UV-B의 영향

홍성창,황선웅,장안철,신평균,장병춘,이철원 한국환경농학회 2006 한국환경농학회지 Vol.25 No.1

중ㆍ고등학생 응급처치 지식수준에 관한 실태 조사

홍경용,남철현,최상복,위광복,김기열 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2001 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.18 No.3

This study was conducted to examine middle and high school students' knowledge level of first aid, health promotion, and safety. Data were collected from 1.165 students from March 6, 2000 to April 4, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1.80.1% of the respondents felt the necessity of first aid. The sources of information about methods of first arid were school (43.9%), mass media (15.6%), and self-study (10.5%). 30.0% of them never leaned the methods of first aid. 2.In the case of obtaining information on first aid through mass media, 58.2% of them got it from TV. 7.3% of them obtained it from magazines, while 5.8% of them got it from newspapers. According to their viewpoints of adequate time to teach the methods of first aid, 38.6% of them thought that the methods had to be taught in the primary school and 25.2% of them thought that they had to be taught in the kindergarten. 24.9% of them replied that the methods had to be taught in the middle school, while 11.3% of them replied that they had to be taught in the high school. 3.The points for knowledge of first aid were 98.29±20.91 on the basis of 150 points (65.5 points on the basis of 100 points). The points showed significant differences in the variables of sex, education level, numbers of siblings, parents' education level, and guardian's occupation.

中.長距離 달리기의 最適戰略에 關한 數理的 模型

洪盛杓,全鍾貴,崔哲圭 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1988 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1

The mathematical theory of competitive running by Keller, which is based on the Newton's second law of motion, is applied to analyze the track records of the Asian and Korean athlets. In addition, the empirical formular proposed by Toots is used to represent the aver age speed of the runners for various races. The main conclusions arrived at are as follows. 1. According to the Keller theory, running at a constant speed is an optimum strategy throughout the races except the initial two seconds and the final 3 seconds, approximately, for distances greater than certain critical distances. But it is effective to run at a full speed with maximum propulsion, for the short distance sprints. 2. The critical distances obtained from the records are 291m for the World records, and 298 (320m for women) and 303m (330m for women) for Asian and Korean records, respectively. Thus the 400m race may be considered the reference item for the mid-range race. 3. Korean athletes show rather inferior physiological characteristics for the most cases analyzed, with the only exception for the oxygen supply rate of male athelets, which is somewhat greater than that of the Asian records. This may indicate a passilility of future development of superior mid and long distance runner from Korean athletes.