http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Fact 검증 기반 정답 재순위화를 이용한 다중추론 질의응답
이정두(Jeong-Doo Lee),나승훈(Seung-Hoon Na),김태형(Tae-Hyeong Kim),최윤수(Yun-Su Choi),장두성(Du-Seong Chang) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.6
최근 딥러닝 기술의 발전에 따라 오픈 도메인 질의응답 시스템의 발전 또한 가속화 되고 있다. 오픈 도메인 질의응답의 최신 기계 독해 모델은 일반적으로 상위 K개의 예측에서 높은 재현율을 보이지만 전체 정확도가 낮아 답변 순위를 다시 매길 필요가 있다는 것을 기존 연구를 통해 알 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 자동 사실 검증 모듈을 활용해 예측된 상위 정답 후보들의 순위 재지정 방법을 제안한다. 결과적으로 다중추론 질의응답 모델의 성능을 개선시켰고 이 방법은 기존 모든 오픈 도메인질의응답 시스템에 적용할 수 있어 활용가치가 높다.
Jin, Hua,Kim, Tae Hee,Hwang, Soon-Kyung,Chang, Seung-Hee,Kim, Hyun Woo,Anderson, Hanjo K,Lee, Han-Woong,Lee, Kee-Ho,Colburn, Nancy H,Yang, Hsin-Sheng,Cho, Myung-Haing,Cho, Chong Su American Association for Cancer Research, Inc 2006 Molecular cancer therapeutics Vol.5 No.4
<P>The low efficiency of conventional therapies in achieving long-term survival of patients with lung cancer calls for development of novel treatment options. Although several genes have been investigated for their antitumor activities through gene delivery, problems surrounding the methods used, such as efficiency, specificity, and toxicity, hinder application of such therapies in clinical settings. Aerosol gene delivery as nonviral and noninvasive method for gene therapy may provide an alternative for a safer and more effective treatment for lung cancer. In this study, imidazole ring-containing urocanic acid-modified chitosan (UAC) designed in previous study was used as a gene carrier. The efficiency of UAC carrier in lungs was confirmed, and the potential effects of the programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) tumor suppressor gene on three major pathways (apoptosis, cell cycle, and angiogenesis) were evaluated. Aerosol containing UAC/PDCD4 complexes was delivered into K-ras null lung cancer model mice through the nose-only inhalation system developed by our group. Delivered UAC/PDCD4 complex facilitated apoptosis, inhibited pathways important for cell proliferation, and efficiently suppressed pathways important for tumor angiogenesis. In summary, results obtained by Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling assay suggest that our aerosol gene delivery technique is compatible with in vivo gene delivery and can be applied as a noninvasive gene therapy.</P>
이정신,최승원,이기업,김상욱,박중열,김기수 대한내분비학회 1993 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.8 No.3
A few studies strongly suggest that pernicious anemia is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but the mechanism is unknown. Recently we experienced a 65-year-old female with pernicious anemia and osteoporosis. She had multiple compression fractrues of thoracolumbar vertebrae and low bone mineral density of spine and femur by dual photon absorptiometry. Pernicious anemia was confirmed with low serum vitamin B12 level and characteristic bone marrow findings. She did not have other secondary causes of ostoeporosis other than pernicious anemia. Although we co not believe pernicous anemia is solely responsible for osteoporosis of this patient, it must have contributed some to the development of the disease. In summary; pernicious anemia is a risk factor for osteoporosis and optimal evaluation and management of bone loss should be done in patients with pernicious anemia, especially in postmenopausal state(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 8:351~355, 1993).
이문호,박선미,이기업,김기수,송영기,박건춘 대한내분비학회 1992 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.7 No.2
Tuberculous involvement of the thyroid is rarely reported in the world literature and only three case records are available in Korea, despite of high prevalence of tuberculosis. The authors recently encountered a patients with tuberculous abscess of the thyroid, probably isolated, who presented with dysphagia and thyroid nodule. Tuberculous abscess of the thyroid was suspected on the finding of needle aspiration cytology and acid fast staining of the aspirate. She was treated with surgical excision and anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Description of the case profile and a brief review of the literature are made. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 7:149~152, 1992)
이문호,문대혁,이기업,김기수,송영기,이명혜,안세현,박건춘 대한내분비학회 1992 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.7 No.2
To define the clinical characteristics and the course of the autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN) in Koreans, the authors reviewed case records of the patients with AFTN from May 1989 to December 1991. Among 1412 cases of thyroid nodule, 48 (3.4%) had AFTN, with 44 females and 4 males and mean age (±S.D.) of 45.2 (±15.0) years, ranging 17 to 79 years. The age and sex distribution of the patients with AFTN were not different with those in patients with cold thyroid nodules. Of the 48 patients with AFTN, 13 had hyperthyroidism (8 clinical and 5 subclinical). Hyperthyroid patients had larger nodule than euthyroid patients, however, their age was not different. Five patients with clinical hyperthyroidism were treated surgically and they maintained euthyroid until 5 to 27 months after operation. One patient had papillary carcinoma, and another four had adenomatous goiter. Five patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism and 25 patients with euthyroid AFTN were followed for 5 to 35 months without specificreatment, however, none of them showed significant changes in thyroid function. In summary, AFTN is not frequent in Koreans, some of AFTN is maligant, surgery is an effective therapeutic modality, and AFTN runs a chronic stable course without an abrupt change in function. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 7:121~126, 1992)
하시모토갑상선염에 동반된 골수를 침범한 ( 병기 4E 기 ) 원발성 갑상선 림프종 1 예
이기업,송영기,박중열,김기수,김상희,공경엽,조재근,추윤호,엄완식,지현숙 대한내분비학회 1994 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.9 No.4
Primary lymphoma of the thyroid is a relatively rare malignant tumor of the thyroid. It is known to be frequently associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In Korea, a few cases of primary lymphoma of the thyroid have been reported and most of these cases were in the stage I E or II E. Recently, we experienced a case of the primary thyroid lymphoma, stage IV E associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a 70-year-old woman who presented with dysphagia and dyspnea due to rapidly enlarging neck mass. She was treated with combination chemotherapy(cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and methylprednisolone) and local radiotherapy and achieved partial response with resolution of dysphagia and dyspnea(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 9: 390-394, 1994).
이문호,이정교,이기업,송영기,박중열,김기수,조원경,최기영 대한내분비학회 1994 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.9 No.2
Primary carcinoma of the pituitary is only rarely reported. About half of the reported cases are nonfunctional. It is generally agreed that the presence of distant metastasis is required to clearly establish the diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma. We have experienced a case of ACTH-producing pituitary carcinoma causing Cushing's syndrome which could be diagnosed by histologic features only without evidence of distant metastasis. A 35-year-old female with Cushingoid appearance was diagnosed as Cushing's disease after biochemical and neuroradiological evaluation. Near total removal of the pituitary tumor was performed. By histopathologic examination, the tumor revealed evidences of histological malignancy such as prominent nuclear pleomorphism, frequent mitoses and extensive tumor necrosis. Pseudosarcomatous components were also noted. By immunohistochemical studies, the tumor cells expressed ACTH. However, there was no evidence of distant metastasis at the initial operation. She was diagnosed as having ACTH producing pituitary carcinoma by histologic feature only. One month later, she complained progressive nausea and vomiting, and follow-up brain MRI revealed regrowing pituitary mass. She was reoperated and near total tumor bulk was removed again followed by radiotherapy with 5580 rads. Four month after the second operation, she developed generalized tonic clonic seizure. Brain CT showed multiple enhancing nodules on left temporal and frontal lobes, and around falx cerebri. She refused further treatment and was managed only with anticonvalsants. About month after discharge she died at home(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 9:136-140, 1994).
Acrylamide photopolymer 의 제작 및 홀로그램 회절 특성에서 photoinitiation system (Triethanolamine) 의 영향
이진국,김휘성,경천수,성기영,곽종훈 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.2
We fabricated dye-sensitized photopolymerization system based on acrylamide. The effect of photoinitiator on diffraction properties of photopolymer hologram was studied by measuring diffraction efficiency of a hologram as a function of exposure energy. As increasing photoinitiator concentrations, diffraction efficiency was increased whereas the holograms were rapidly erased with time.
5,15-bis(mesityl)-10,20-bis(4-nitro)porphyrin 을 포함한 polymide 에서 인접 다이안하이드라이드의 영향에 의한 UV 흡수 비교
김미라,이민호,이진국,김휘성,경천수,성기영,곽종훈 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.2
For the preparation of new photo-electro polymer that has functional material, we synthesized polyimides containg 5,15-bis(mesityl)-10,20-bis(4-nitro)porphyrin. Those were characterized with UV-vis spectrosphotometer. Copolymers that had electron attracting group showed little red-shifts in absorption spectra. Their UV-spectra were compared when adjacent anhydrides were changed.