흰구름버섯(Coriolus hirsutus)에 의한 방향족 염료의 탈색

송연홍,최철민,김창진,신광수 대전대학교 이과대학 기초과학연구소 1997 自然科學 Vol.- No.-

담자균류 백색부후균의 일종인 흰구름버섯(Coriolus hirsutus)을 실험균주로 하여 수종의 난분해성 방향족염료의 분해능을 측정하였다. 사용된 4종류의 염료 중, triphenyl methane 염료인 bromophenol blue가 탈색를 95% 이상으로 가장 잘 탈색되었으며, Congo red와 Poly R-478은 이보다는 낮은 57%, 55% 가 탈색되었다. 그러나, heterocyclic 염료인 methylene blue는 본 균주에 의해 거의 탈색되지 않아TDmau, UV-visible spectrum상에서의 심색성 이동만 관찰되었다. 세포외 laccase와 peroxidase의 활성은 각 염료의 탈색율과 비례하여 나타났으며, 최대 활성 또한 최대 탈색시기에 관찰되었다. 효소의 활성 염색시 모든 연료의 탈색배지에서 공통적인 laccase와 peroxidase의 활성 띠가 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 세포의 laccase와 peroxidase가 난분해성 염료의 탈색에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 판단된다. The white rot fungus Coriolus hirsutus decolorized several recalcitrant dyes. Four different types of dyes, including azo, triphenyl methane, heterocyclic, and polymeric dye, were treated by the mycelial preparation. Tri-phenyl methane dye, bromophenol blue lost over 95% of its color. Congo red and Poly R-478 were decolorized less than bromophenol blue, 57 and 55%, respectively. However, heterocyclic dye, methylene blue was not decolorized significantly and only red shift was observed. Extracellular laccase and peroxidase. activities were appeared maximally in high level of dye decolorization media. In electrophoretic experiments, common active bands of laccase and peroxidase were found in all dye decolorized medium. These results indicated that the culture conditions which yield high levels of laccase and peroxidase activity lead to high levels of dye decolorization, and these two enzymes might be play an important roles in dye decolorization.

무산소-호기 반응기의 유기물과 질소 제거모델 개발

안송엽,김환홍,소재철,권희태 원광대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

본 논문은 무산소-호기 유동상 반응기에서 폐수의 유기물과 질소제거에 관한 것을 나타내었으며, 이 공정은 두 개의 반응기 안에서 질산화와 탈질화로 얻어지는 제거율 결과를 모형화하여 검토하였다. 무산소조의 미생물 농도가 모형식으로 표현되면 -2079.898V2 - 202.2029(H/A) + 1123이고, BOD removal = -0.00613 HRT2 + 0.4014HRT + 46.993 and NO3-N removal = -0.0029 HRT2 + 0.1872 HRT + 77.45 로 각각 표현되어진다. 이러한 실험치는 모형치와 비슷한 값을 가진다고 할 수 있으며, 이 결과는 다른 방법에도 적용이 가능하다고 판단된다. This paper aims to get rid of BOD and nitrogen in wastewater as the anoxic-aerobic fluidized bed. The process for the removal of nitrogen consists of nitrification and denitrification in two reactors. The estimated formula for, Anoxic are Biomass concentration = -2079.898V2- 202.2029(H/A) + 1123, BOD removal = -0.00613 HRT2 + 0.4014HRT + 46.993 and NO3-N removal = -0.0029 HRT2 + 0.1872 HRT + 77.45. The experimental values are similar to values of estimated formula. Therefore, this result is able to adapt the other cases.

하악 영구 견치의 의원성 매복에 대한 증례 보고

김송이,최성철,최영철,박재홍 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

상악 영구 견치의 매복에 비해 하악 영구 견치의 매복은 매우 드물게 일어난다. 치아가 매복된 경우 장애물 존재 여부와 매복 위치와 방향,맹출 가능한 공간의 유무,치근의 형성 단계 등의 요소에 따라 매복 치아의 발거 혹은 장애물의 제거 후 주기적 관찰,맹출이 지연된 치아의 외과적 노출,교정적 견인 등의 방법으로 치료하게 된다. 본 증례는 하악골의 골절 부위에 시행된 골간 강선 결찰과 미니 플레이트에 의해 하악 좌측 견치가 매복되어 있었던 경우로 CT 검사 결과 하악 정중부위 플레이트의 스크류가 맹출을 방해하고 있는 것으로 판단되어 전선 마취 하에 플레이트를 제거하였다. 이후 자연적인 맹출을 기대하였으나,맹출력이 부족하여 교정적 견인으로 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. When a delayed eruption of tooth is diagnosed, the causative factor should be detected before an establishment of treatment plan, if possible. Although a panoramic radiograph is enough to evaluate the position of tooth and the stage of tooth development, a 3-D Dental CT would be a powerful tool to reveal a spatial relationships between objects. The reported case showed a delayed eruption of lower left permanent canine and a mini-plate with screws adjacent to the impacted canine. Although the screws adjacent to the root of impacted tooth showed a close proximity, it was not presumed that these screws would interfere the eruption of the tooth. The impacted canine did not show any spontaneous eruption during observation. After the mini-plate and screws were removed, an orthodontic traction using elastic power chain was performed. The position of mini-plates and screws should be carefully designed to avoid damaging the tooth follicles or tooth roots in the jaw. Also the screws should be removed before an orthodontic traction to prevent damaging the root surface of impacted tooth.

수종의 불소방출 수복재의 탈회억제 효과 및 불소침투에 관한 연구

김송이,최성철,최영철,김광철,박재홍 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

자이오머(Giomer)는 레진강화형글라스아이오노머에 견줄 만큼 불소방출량이 많다고 하나, 우식예방 효과에 관한 연구들이 많지 않아 임상적용에 대한 근거가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 자이오머(BF 군)를 포함하여 레진강화형글라스아이오노머(FF 군), 콤포머(DA 군)와 대조군인 콤포짓(FZ 군)의 우식억제 효과와 주변 치질로의 불소침투 양상을 비교하기 위하여, 공초점레이저주사현미경과 전자탐침미세분석기를 이용하여 각 수복재의 우식예방 효과를 비교하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수복물 주위 이차 인공우식에서 법랑질 외측병변의 깊이는 FZ 군에서 가장 깊었으며, BF 군이 가장 작게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. 수복물과 법랑질 계면에 나타난 탈회억제층의 두께를 관찰한 결과 FZ 군이 가장 작게 나타났으며, FF, DA, BF 간에는 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 3. 법랑질에 침투된 불소농도는 BF, FF, DA의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 4. 상아질에 침투된 불소농도는 DA, BF, FF의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 이는 상아질-수복물의 접착 계면에 영향 받는 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of light cured fluoride-releasing materials on the inhibition of demineralization. In addition, the pattern of fluoride uptake of adjacent tooth structure was analyzed with EPMA. Eighty intact premolars were restored with Filtek Z250(control group, composite), Fuji Filling LC(RMGI), Dyract AP (compomer) and Beautifil II(giomer). Restored teeth were stored in distilled water for 30 days. Thensixty teeth(n=15) were exposed to demineralizing solution(pH 4.3). Demineralized teeth were bisected and polished. The specimens were observed with confocal laser scanning microscope. The depth of outer lesion and the thickness of inhibition zone were measured. Remained twenty teeth(n=5) were bisected for fluoride uptake analysis. The fluoride analysis were taken at enamel-restoration interface and dentin-restoration interface by electron probe micro-analyzer. The results are as follows: 1. The depth of outer lesion of Fuji Filling LC, Dyract AP, Beautifil II was shallower than that of Filtek Z250 at the margin of restoration(p<0.05). 2. The thickness of caries inhibition zone of Fuji Filling LC, Dyract AP, Beautifil II was greater than that of Filtek Z250 at the margin of restoration(p<0.05). 3. Fuji Filling LC, Dyract AP, Beautifil II groups showed the greater fluoride uptake into enamel and dentine around restoration than Filtek Z250 group. 4. In dentin the difference of fluoride concentration were greater than in enamel, and Dyract AP showed the greatest fluoride concentration in dentin.

콩의 개화기전후 공급과 수용부위의 무기영양성분함량 및 흡수량에 대한 질소의 효과

박재홍,송범헌,이철원,손석용,김홍식,박상일 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2002 農業科學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study was conducted to examine the nitrogen effects on the uptaken amounts and utilization of mineral nutrients between source and sink tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering stage with different nitrogen levels Hwangkeum cultivar(Glycine max L Mereill) was cultivated under five different mtrogen levels, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 N kg/10a Comparing contents of total-N with different plant tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering, total-N contents of leaves was gradually decreased from the flowering to the beginning maturity, while it of pod was continuously increased from the full seed to the beginning maturity Total-N content was higher in the treatment of 4 N Kg/10a that those of others The uptaken amount of N determined with different growth stage was rapidly increased maturity Higher proportion of uptaken N were into the leaves at the full seed stage, and they were transported from the leaves into pod at the beginning maturity stage Comparing major mineral elements of the leaves and the pod with different N leaves, in case of the leaves, the content of Fe, Mn, and Zn was decreased throughout the growth stages, whereas the content of Ca and Mg was decreased from the flowering to the full seed and then it was increased after the full seed stage In case of pod, the content of K, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Na was decreased from the flowering to the beginning maturity, while contest of Mg was increased.

Floristic characteristics of vascular plants and first distributional report of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim in Yongneup wetland protected area

Young-Chul Kim,Hyun-Hee Chae,Sang-Heock Oh,Seung-Ho Choi2,Moon-Pyo Hong3,Gi-Heum Nam,Jae-Yoon Choi,Hyun-Sook Choi,Kyu-Song Lee 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Yongneup wetland protected area, the only high moor in Korea, is a core area to conserve biodiversity. Even though the Yongneup wetland protected area is relatively small, various plant species are distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area because it includes various habitats showing different environmental gradients. Vascular plants distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area were identified as a total of 376 taxa that is composed of 73 families, 217 genera, 322 species, 3 subspecies, 44 varieties and 7 forms. For endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, 5 species including Trientalis europaea var. arctica, Lilium dauricum, Halenia corniculata, Lychnis wilfordii and Menyanthes trifoliata were found and 34 taxa were confirmed to be distributed only in the mountainous wetland habitats. Regarding naturalized plants, a total of 11 taxa were distributed, but most of them were distributed in the areas where artificial interference has occurred. And in areas inside the wetlands that are relatively well preserved, 2 species of Bidens frondosa and Erigeron annuus were observed. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim, which was recently found in Mt. Baekdu and reported as a new species, were identified in the Yongneup wetland protected area. A wetland is a very vulnerable area to drastic environmental changes and damages to its ecosystem could cause the extinction of rare plant species which are distributed only in the wetlands. Therefore, it is mandatory that current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area is evaluated and actions to prevent rapid environmental changes are taken. Fourteen separate investigations were conducted in 2013 and another four in 2014, to evaluate current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area. These investigations have provided us the basic information for future actions of conservation and restoration.

일측성 구순열 비변형에서 저발육된 Pyriform Aperture 교정을 위한 두개골 이식술

박철규,송홍식,김진환 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.1

General anatomical structures of the unilateral CLN deformity have been well known. Various kinds of operation methods have been applied based on this knowledge. The degree of the unilateral CLN deformity varies depending on individual and type of cleft lip. Therefore, the correction parts and operation methods have to be modified depending on the cases. Hypoplastic pyriform aperture is major external factor which causes the unilateral CLN deformity and, it also causes deformities of alar cartilage and nasal tip, and septal deviation, which has been well explained with the concept of 'Tilted Tripod' by Hogan and Coverse in 1971. The correction of hypoplastic pyriform aperture which tilts nasal tripod gives satisfactory result of symmetric nasal tripod including its base. For the correction of hypoplastic pyriform aperture, autogenous rib bone or iliac bone graft, autogenous cartilage graft, homologous cartilage graft and implant have been used, but scar deformity of donor site, and permanence of implant turned out to be problems. Authors used outer table of calvarial bone graft on 25 patients for the recovery of the collapsed pyriform aperture. Of these, 14 patients were male and 11 were female. The youngest was 5 years of age, the eldest was 30 years, and 7 patients were under 16 years. We performed external rhinoplasty upon the symmetric pyriform aperture corrected with calvarial bone graft and achieved satisfactory results, thus we represent our methods and cases with review of literatures.

콩의 개화기 전후 공급과 수용부위의 생장반응과 수량에 대한 질소의 효과

박재홍,송범헌,이철원,손석용,김홍식,박상일 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2002 農業科學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study was conducted to examine the nitrogen effects on the growth responses, the nodulation, and the distribution of dry weight of plant tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering stage, and to evaluate the yield components and yields with different nitrogen levels. Hwangkeum cultivar(Glycine max L mereill) was cultivated under five different nitrogen levels, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, N Kg/10a. Stem length and branching number, which were investigated with different N levels at major growth stages, were rapidly increased for 14days for before and after the flowering stage compared to the other growth stages. They were clearly higher with treatment of 2 and 4 N kg/10a than those of other N treatments. Pod number was slightly increased from the flowering to beginning maturity. It was the highest in the treatment of 2 N Kg/10a. Comparing grain number per pod with different N levels, two grains per pod was much higher in all N treatments except for the treatment of 6 N Kg/10a. Dry weight of shoot(including leaf, stem, and pod) was rapidly increased from the flowering stage to the full seed stage and then gradually increased after the full seed stage, whereas the dry weight of root(including the nodule and root) was rapidly increased until to full pod stage and then linearly decreased from the full pod stage until the beginning maturity stage. Comparing dry weight with different N levels, the dry weight of shoot was the highest in the treatment of 4 N Kg/10a, while it of root was the highest in the treatment of 2N Kg/10a. The dry weight of nodule was the highest, 13.1 Kg/10a, at full pod stage. Comparing the dry weight of nodule with different N levels, it was increased to the application amount of 4 N Kg/10a and then clearly decreased with more application amount of N than 4 Kg/10a. The yield components which were mostly affected to the yield were pod number per plant and grain number per plant. They were 57.5 and 106.1, respectively, with treatment of 4 N Kg/10a, which showed the highest yield, about 266 Kg/10a. Comparing yield index with different N levels to the control, the yields with treatment of 2 and 4 Kg/10a were increased to 21% and 34%, respectively.

마비형 뇌성마비환자의 뇌파 및 임상양상

윤여훈,송홍기,김형철,이병철,이숙자 대한신경과학회 1996 대한신경과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 노인의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과

유계준,송정은,오병훈,안석균,이홍식,오희철,구은형,황혜숙,이은철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

노인에게 있어서 신경인지기능의 저하와 우울 증상은 가장 흔한 장애이며 신체적, 정신적인 면에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한 이러한 장애중 비임상군에서 심리사회적 치료개입의 효과가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 지역사회에서 노인에게 제공되는 심리사회적 치료개입의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이전의 연구에서는 대상이 특정 집단이거나, 비교군이 없거나, 치료효과에 대한 추적 관찰이 이루어지지 않는 등의 제한점이 있었으며, 현재 국내의 노인 낮병원은 소수에 불과하고 이러한 낮병원의 치료효과에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 지역사회 정신보건센터에서 운영하는 노인 낮병원에 참가하는 노인들을 대상으로 낮병원의 심리사회적 프로그램이 노인들의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과와 이에 대한 유지 효과의 유무를 알아보고자 하였다. 경기도 광주군 정신보건센터의 노인 낮병원에 참여한 노인을 치료군으로, 치료를 거부하거나 치료 중 탈락한 노인을 비교군으로 하여 10주간의 낮병원 치료전후와 치료종결 후 10주에 신경인지기능은 한국형 간이 정신상태검사(이하 MMSE-K)로, 우울 증상은 단축형노인우울척도(이하 SGDS)로 평가하여 두 군을 비교하였고 치료군의 치료 직후와 치료종결 후 10주를 비교하였다. 연구결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료가 시간에 따른 SGDS점수 변화에 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, MMSE-K점수 변화에는 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 10주 추시가 가능했던 치료군 중 약 43%가 10주 후 SGDS가 증가하여 호전되었던 우울증상의 악화를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램 개입은 노인에게 있어서 우울 증상을 호전시키며 신경인지 기능에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 상당수에서 심리사회적 치료 개입으로 인한 우울 증상의 호전이 유지되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 노인우울증상의 치료에 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 효과적일 수 있음과 치료 후 이를 유지하기 위한 부가적인 치료개입의 필요성을 시사한다. Cognitive impairment and depression are the most common symptoms affecting the elderly on physical and mental states. Studies have shown that these symptoms in mild cases are improved by psychosocial intervention, emphasizing the importance of therapeutic intervention provided in the community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the psychosocial program at a geriatric day care service has any therapeutic effect on the cognitive function and depressive symptoms in the elderly and whether such effect can be maintained. The experimental group was composed of 37 elderly patients attending the day care service at the mental health center located in Kwangju county, Kyonggi province. The control group was composed of 22 elderly patients who either refused intervention or who dropped out of the program. Cognitive function was assessed with the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE-K), and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS). The experimental group and the control group were compared on the score of on each test, which was administered before and after the program and 10 weeks after discontinuation of program. In the experimental group, the scores acquired immediately after the program and at 10 weeks of follow-up were also compared. The results showed that psychosocial intervention at a geriatric day care service was significantly associated with the change in SGDS scores dependent on time but not significantly associated with the change in MMSE-K scores. In the experimental group whose follow-up assessment was possible, it was further shown that 43% of patients had increased SGDS scores 10 weeks after the program ended, indicating that depressive symptoms had worsened. This study suggests that psychosocial therapeutic intervention in the geriatric day care service improve depressive symptoms but not cognitive functions in the elderly. In addition, for a considerable percentage of subjects in the experimental group, the improvements in depressive symptoms were not sustained after the intervention was withdrawn. These findings proposes a need of strengthening therapeutic intervention to maintain such effect.