결장직장암 환자의 임상적 고찰 : 조선대학교 부속병원의 10년 간의 결과

나은종,문성표,장정환,김권천,민영돈,김성환,조현진,김정용,김경종 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Background and Objectives: The colorectal cancer rates 4th in the total cancer prevalence in Korea. The clinical patient demographics were considered with the incidence rate of the colon and rectal cancer. The clinicopathological factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate. Materials Methods: Of the 282 patients who were operated from Jan. 1, 1992 to Dec. 31, 2001 and diagnosed by pathological biopsy as colo-rectal cancer, 234 patients were followed up. The age, sex, location of the cancer, TNM stage, operation method, histopathological classification, metastatic region, complications after operation and the survival rate were investigated. Results: Of the 234 patients, male and female consisted of 120 cases (51.3%) and 114 cases (46.7%), with an average age of 61.6 years. The average follow up period was 52.3 months and the peri operative mortality was 5.6%. The site of the cancer was most frequent at the rectum with 127 cases (54.3%). The patients were classified according to the TNM stages with 38 cases of stage 1 (16.2%), 98 cases of II (41.9%), 72 cases of III (30.8%) and 26 cases of IV (11.1%). The 5 year survival rate in the age group older than 50 was 63.3 % and 73.5% in the group younger than 50. In regard to the operation type, the 5 year survival rate was 65.4% for elective operation and 65.8% for emergency operation. The 5 year survival rate for well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated cancer, and mucinous adenocarcinoma was 73.7%, 60.2%, 58.3%, and 92.6%, respectively. The 5 year survival rate of each of the TNM stage is 81.1%, 74.8%, 57.0%, and 11.5% for Classes I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Conclusion: The clinical factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate with no statistical significance for the age, sex, and location of the cancer. The TNM stage and histopathological differentiation were statistically significant. The colon cancer showed better prognosis compared to the rectal cancer.

부산 지하철 2호선 소음 특성 연구

정경원,윤나나,김주인,곽진,김영태 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

우리나라 예술계 고등학교의 보통교과 교육과정 개발 및 운영방향 탐색 : 외국 예술학교 음악전공 사례를 중심으로

이경진,최나영 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2014 교육과학연구 Vol.45 No.2

This study aimed to examine the curriculum development and management of regular subjects in foreign arts schools, and to suggest implications for arts high schools in Korea. This study focused on the regular subject curriculum for music majors. First, the study investigated current school curricula of arts high schools, and problems and needs were revealed from a literature review. Based on the results, three types of foreign arts schools were categorized by autonomy of curriculum development and management. Second, characteristics of regular subject curricula were analyzed in each case. The first type was under the regulation of the national curriculum. Despite this limitation, case schools created a new area by integrating similar subjects, developed a core curriculum subjects according to the school vision, or interwove music studies with academics. The second type managed schools autonomously under the national curriculum. These schools managed regular subjects not by a formal grading system but by ability-based grouping. The third type was not regulated by the national curriculum at all, but developed an innovative curriculum, a specifically integrated arts program. Based on these results, some implications were suggested: reconsidering the significance and value of regular subjects, providing more autonomy in school curriculum development and management, and what actions schools should take once they have reached a certain level of autonomy.

흰쥐 뇌줄기에 분포하는 Nitric Oxide Synthase 신경세포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

나준희,허영범,박찬,김정혜,유진화,안희경,이원규 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.2

學習不振兒의 思考技能 診斷과 改善에 關한 硏究 : It's Diagnosis and Improvement

朴敬玉,朴鎭玹,羅東晋,申東魯 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1989 學生生活硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Since 1980s, many studies have been attempted to explore the nature of thinking or intellectual skills of human being and to develop the program with the purpose of improvement on these skills. these studies have been expected to have a great influence on the educational effort of diagnosing and resolving a defect in underachiever's academic performance. Based on these expectations, this study was attempted to test the validity of various scales in diagnosing the impulsiveness and to develop a training program for the purpose of decreasing it and to evaluate the effectiveness of that program with underachievers. Subjects were 20 underachievers (10 in Ex. group and 10 in Co. group), of a middle school at Chonju city, who were rated to be more impulsive than other students by their teachers, using a teacher-rating impulsiveness scale. Before and after training, all subjects performed 3 tasks (Arithmatic, Logic, and Comprehension monitoring task), which were used to diagnose their impulsiveness. During 8 weeks, subjects in Ex. group spent 4 hours a week on the impulsiveness-reduced training, which was based on Baron's normative model of cognitive style and Parlinscar and Brown's comprehension monitoring strategies. Material was a expository text which was drawn from texts in history and geography. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The latency and accuracy (% error) composites for the Arithmatic and Logic correlated significantly with teacher-rating impulsiveness. Accordingly, it was found that these measures are valid. Also, these measures correlated significantly with the latency and accuracy (% correct) measures for the comprehension monitoring task, which represented a high correlation of cognitive style (Impulsiveness) with metacognitive skill. 2) The impulsiveness-reduced training was relatively successful in making the subject take time while problem solving, especially for Arithmatic and Logic. The training did not have a significant effect on accuracy, although the effect was in the predicted direction. But a additional analysis looked for a moderating variable that might influence the effect of training on accuracy : The training improved accuracy more for impulsives than for nonimpulsives. These results implied cognitive style can be modified.

중앙대학교 사범대학과 부속학교의 연계성 연구

차경환,나항진 中央大學校 韓國敎育問題硏究所 1998 韓國敎育問題硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.13

만화 과제를 이용한 정신분열병 환자의 사회인지 능력의 측정

오정은,나명현,하태현,신용욱,노규식,홍순범,이경진,신민섭,이영호,권준수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.3

Objectives : This study is to investigate the hypothesis that schizophrenic patients have difficulty in inferring mental state of others. Methods : Twenty schizophrenic patients and twenty normal subjects were administered to the Cartoon Task required inferring the character's intention in a given context. Results : The schizophrenic patients showed a statistically significant impairment in the Cartoon Task. Both groups chose the card depicting a frequent everyday action significantly more rather than the similar card to the last picture in each story for wrong answers. Conclusion : These preliminary results suggest that schizophrenia is associated with a specific deficit of the cognitive ability referred to as social cognition, and this deficit can be detected not only in the acute phase as found in previous research studies, but also in remission. Also when subjects fail to appreciate what is going on in the minds of other people, they seem to rely on a socially familiar experience.

思考技能 訓練프로그램의 開發 및 適用에 關한 硏究 : 衝動性 減少를 中心으로

朴鎭玹,朴敬玉,申東魯,羅東晉,李永植 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1994 學生生活硏究 Vol.21 No.-

Many of college students have the cognitive deficits, one of which is the impulsiveness, in the process through which they solve their problems in the daily life. This study attemted to develop the program for the purpose of improving college students' thinking skills. Also, the program was intended to encourage the college students to reduce their impulsiveness, and to help them maintain the rational reasoning solving the complex of problems. For this purpose, researchers examined the difficulties which college students had in the process of their thinking, focussed on their impulsiveness in particular, based on the findings of preceding works related to the thinking skills, including some of programs for improving the thinking skills and intelligence. As a result, a program was developed to improve the thinking skills of college students in order to reduce their impulsiveness. This program was composed of two parts, each of which included five units. Part One, titled "Human Life and the Limited Rationality", was focused on training college students with metacognition or cognitive style. In this part, the trainees explored those phases passed on the human problem solving and the sources of impulsiveness. This part included five units: (1) Introduction; (2) Journey in the universe of learning; (3) Uncertainty and impulsiveness; (4) Human problem solving; and (5) Human information processing and limited rationality. Part Two, titled "Resolution of the Limited Rationality and Intellectual Limitations of Human Being", was focused on training college students with cognitive strategies. In this part, the trainees searched for the general cognitive strategies with which they would learn each unit, and used it to resolve the limited rationality of human being and thus to solve the problems more efficiently. This part included five units: (1) Search for strategies to resolve the intellectual limitations of human being; (2) Utility of the external representations; (3) Application of strategic knowledge of inferences; (4) Resolution of the inferential baises; and (5) Evaluation and termination. A pilot study attempted to verify the effectiveness of the training program. Subjects were 118 sophomores of a national university in Chon-buk. They were assigned to an experimental group(N=56) and a control group(N=62) to test the effectiveness of the training program. The experimantal group received 12 sessions of training instruction for 50 to 60 minutes each week. The control group was given no intervention. After training sessions, they were given a cognitive style (impulsiveness) scale as well as a reasoning test, and also checked a questionnaire which asked the participants to express their opinions of the training program. The findings of the study might be summarized as follows: 1. The program seemed to contribute posively to change participants' cognitive style, particularly to reduce their dysfunctional impulsiveness. 2. The program seemed to contribute substantially to improve participants' performance of reasoning tasks. 3. Many of participants (about tow-third) of the participants reported to have a novel feel- ing on the program, to perceive the program different from the existing curriculum, and also to take some benefits from the program. However, this study suggested several recommandations as follow: 1. It is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the program on the basis of a valid design of experiment. 2. It is necessary to take a effort to extend the breadth and depth of the program, including a discussion of the functional impulsiveness. 3. It is necessary to establish the reinforcement schedule in order to encourage the participant to engage in the program actively.