방사선사진의 인덱스-순서 분석을 통한 치아경조직의 탈염화 검출

박동현,박영호,김경숙,박정훈,이기자,최삼진,최용석,황의환,박헌국 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop the radiographic technique for detecting the demineralization which is known as indication of dental caries. Materials and Methods : This technique was based on the comparing of multiple radiographs which was irradiated by multiple X-ray spectra. For the meaningful comparing, the multiple radiographs were reconstructed to the dosimetrically consistent images using a standard material. The difference of resulting images of same target with multiple spectra represents the difference of response of material as regards the spectra. Results : We have found about 10% of demineralization of dental hard tissues particularly in the proximal region through the analyzing of differences. Conclusion : Most intriguing thing in this investigation was that the method to analyze difference shows us to an anatomic structure of dental hard tissues even if absolute values of optical density were excluded during the procedures.

학암(鶴巖) 강석구(姜碩龜)에 관한 일고찰

박정숙 ( Jeong-sook Park ) 한국방송통신대학교 통합인문학연구소 2018 통합인문학연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 논문은 조선 시대 정조(正祖) 시기에 활동한 강석구에 관한 고찰이다. 본래 강석구의 문집은 총 3권으로 간행되었는데, 지금은 거의 다 사라지고 일부만 전한다. 본 논문은 2010년에 발간된 『학암유고(鶴巖遺稿)』에 수록되어 있는 문헌자료를 토대로 강석구의 가계와 그의 생평을 구체적으로 살펴보고, 그의 정치적 활동 및 사후의 평가에 대해서 고찰한 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 강석구에 관한 문헌자료를 새롭게 발굴하여 학계에 처음으로 소개하는 의의를 지닌다. 또한 조선후기 남인(南人) 계열의 학술적 연원과 정치적 활동 등을 파악하는 데 조금이나마 기여할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 본 논문을 통해서 강석구의 집안은 남인 계열에 속해 있었음을 알 수 있었다. 그의 고조부가 정구(鄭逑)에게서 수학했고, 장인 및 외가의 학풍이 허목(許穆)에게서 연원하기 때문이다. 강석구는 43세 때 과거에 합격해 벼슬에 나아갔지만 노론(老論)이 우세한 정계 속에서 많은 제약을 받을 수밖에 없었다. 채제공(蔡濟恭)이 집권할 무렵 정계에 나아갈 기회도 잠시 얻었지만, 또 다시 물러나 고향에서 학문연구에 힘썼다. 그 뒤 여러 차례 관직을 하사받기도 했지만 매번 사직했다. 그는 선조들의 유업을 이어받아 경학(經學), 특히 마음공부에 치중했고, 여러차례의 상소문을 통해 정계에 영향을 미쳤는데 그 중 <응지소차(應旨疏箚)>가 유명하다. This study is on Kang-Seokgu worked under Jeongzo(正祖)’s rule in Joseon(朝鮮) Dynasty. This study is reported for the first time in the world of academic research. A collection of Kang-Seogu’s works was originally completed in three volumes. But now it has almost disappeared and has been a part of the collection. This study has looked specifically at Kang-Seokgu’s ancestry and life based on the information in HakAm's posthumous work(鶴巖遺稿) was published in 2010. This study gives greater significance in discovering the new information on Kang-Seokgu and reporting for the first time in the world of academic research. And it may contribute a little to understand Nanyin(南人)’s academic origins and political activities in the late of Joseon Dynasty. Kang-Seokgu’s lineage is affiliated with Nam-in Group. His great-great-grandfather had studied from Jeong-Gu(鄭逑). And academic traditions of his wife’s father and mother’s side had been colored by He-Mok(許穆). He lost his parents at an early age and has been taught by his wife’s father. He followed his wife’s father in academic aspects and personal aspect. He passed the state examination at 43 and became a high official. But he were limited in political activity in the political world No-Ron(老論) was superior. He entered majestically into politics again when Chae-Jaegong(蔡濟恭) came to power, but he went soon to his hometown and concentrated on scholarly research. Since then, he refused every time and came back hometown despite he was given high officials several times. He focused on Kyonghak(經學), especially, spiritual practice in accordance with work left by forefathers rather than public office. But his public appeals exerted reasonably influence on politics. He spared no opening comments about political state of Joseon. Not only that, he told the truth on many issues of the provinces. And he interested in and gave publicity to devoted sons and the others. He lived righteously and faithfully, and acted respectfully and frugally with benevolent mind and academic attitude. He was a role model from the community as a man of integrity and benignity.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

제대혈 분리방법의 차이에 따른 단핵구 및 조혈모세포의 수득 효과에 관한 비교연구

박정숙,이영호,최안홍,노신애,김태겸,한진영 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.1

연구배경 : 최근에 보고된 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법을 이용한 제대혈 분리방법이 지금까지의 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리방법에 비하여 조혈모세포의 수득효과면에서 얼마나 차이가 있는지 또한 비교적 수득효과가 크다고 알려져 있는 3% gelatin을 이용한 분리방법에 비하여 얼마나 효과적인지를 알아보고, 제대혈 분리방법의 차이에 따라 단핵구와 조혈모세포 사이에 어떤 상관관계가 있는지 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 21명의 건강한 산모로부터 정상 질식 및 제왕절개 분만 후 제대정맥에서 해파린 처리한 주사기를 사용하여 제대혈을 채취하였다 채취한 제대혈은 동일하게 3개월 시험관에 나누어 실온에서 24시간 이내에 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque분리법, modified Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 3% gelatin 분리법을 이용하여 각각 단핵구 분리를 시도하였으며 이들의 단핵구수 및 생존률, CD34 양성세포수, 집락수를 측정 비교 하였다. 또 상관분석을 이용하여 단핵구수, CD34양성세포수와 CFU-GM집락수 사이의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결과: 1) 세포 생존률은 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 3% gelatin 분리법 사이레 통계적 차이가 없었다. 2) 단핵구수는 3% gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 4.56±1.86 (×10^(6)/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0001), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을때는 각각 1.54±0.06(×10^(6)/mL), 1.36±0.67(×10^(6)/mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법 차이에 통계적 차이가 없었다. 3) CD34 양성세포수는 3%gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 6.08±3.99(×10⁴/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0001), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을 때는 각각 2.18±2.17(×10⁴/mL), 2.24±1.63(×10⁴mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법사이에 통계적 차이가 없었다. 4) CFU-GM 집락수는 3% gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 15.72±8.93(×10³/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0002), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을 때는 각각 3.12±1.45(×10³mL), 2.35±0.82(×10³/mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법 사이에 통계적 차이가 없었다, 5) 제대혈 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법으로 분리하였던 경우는 단핵구수와 CFU-GM집락수 사이에 상관관계가 없었으며CD34 양성세포수만 CFU-GM집락수와 상관관계가 있었다. (r=0.57). 또 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법에 의하여 분리하였던 경우는 단핵구수나 CD34 양성세포수 모두가 CFU-GM 집락수와 상관관계가 없었다. 그러나 제대혈을 3% gelatin법으로 분리하였던 경우는 CFU-GM집락수 가 단핵구수 (r=0.88) 및 CD34양성세포수(r=0.86)양자 모두와 상관관계가 있었다. 결론 : 3%gelatin을 이용하여 제대혈을 분리하는 것이 단핵구 및 조세모세포의 수득효과면에서 가장 효과적이었다. 한편 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법이 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법보다 시간과 경비면에서 비효율적이면서 수득효과도 높지 못하였다. 또 제대혈 분리법의 차이에 따라 단핵구나 CD34 양성세포와 VFU-GM사이에 상관관계에 차이가 있었으며, 실제로 제대혈이식 후에 생착 여부를 예측할 수 있는 인자가 제대혈 분리법의 차이에 따라 달라지는지에 관해서 보다 많은 임상적 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : Cord blood banking for stem cell transplantation requires volume reduction and red cell depletion for cost effective storage. To determine which technique could minimize the loss of progenitor cells during cord blood processing, we compared the efficacy of cord blood separating methods which were conventional Ficoll-Hypaque method, modified Ficoll-Hypaque method, and 3% gelatin method. Methods : Twenty-one cord blood samples were obtained with heparinized syringes from the umbilical vein following delivery. Three aliquots of each 20mL cord blood were stored at room temperature and processed by 3 different techniques within 24 hours after collection. We compared mononuclear cells(MNCs) counts and their viability, CD34+ cells counts, and CFU-GMs counts and also observed their correlations among three techniques. Results : 1) The yield of MNCs or CD34+ cells was highest in the cord blood processed with 3% gelatin method than conventional or modified Ficoll-Hypaque method(P=0.0001). 2) There were no significant difference in the yield of MNCs and CD34+ cells between conventional and modified Ficoll-Hypaque method. 3) Both MNCs counts (r=0.800) and CD34+ cells counts (r=0.86) were significantly correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with 3% gelatin method. 4) CD34+ cells counts were significantly correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with conventional Ficoll-Hypaque method (r=0.57), but MNC counts were not. 5) Both MNC counts and CD34+ cell counts were not correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with modified Ficoll-Hypaque method. Conclusion : Cord blood separation with 3% gelatin method could provide better yield of progenitor cells than with FICOLL_Hypaque methods. And between two Ficoll-Hypaque methods, modified method is more laborsome but not better in terms of clonogenic potential than conventional method.

혈당측정기 GlucoDr™ System의 평가

박철영,류미숙,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,안규정 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.2

연구배경: 당뇨병 환자에서 엄격한 혈당조절은 환자의 예후와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 혈당조절을 철저히 하기 위해서는 자가 혈당 측정기의 사용이 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 또한 저혈당이 빈번하게 발생하거나, 위험요소가 있는 환자들에게도 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 이에 저자들은 전기화학감지법의 원리를 이용하여 국내에서 처음 생산된 자가혈당측정기인 GlucoDr™ blood Glucose Testing System(ALL Medicus, Co, Korea)를 현재 국내에서 시판되고 있는 다른 제품과 비교, 평가하여 임상적 유용성을 살펴보고자 하였다 방법: 혈당측정기준장비는 YSI 2300 STAT Plus(YSI Incorporated, USA)를 사용하였으며 GlucoDr™외에 Glucocard(KDK, Japan), Precision QID(Abbott Laboratories, Co, USA), Glucotrend(Roche, USA), Surestep(Lifescan, USA)의 다른 혈당측정기를 같이 평가하였다. 정밀도, 직선성, 비교방법과의 상관관계 평가, 검체량에 따른 영향, 헤마토크리트에 따른 영향, 검사자에 따른 영향, 항응고제에 따른 영향들을 평가하였다. 결과: 본 연구에서의 주된 평가대상인 GlucoDr™의 평가결과, 정밀도를 나타내는 검사 내, 검사 간 변이계수는 8%이내였으며, 45~500mg/dL 범위에서 R²=0.9906, 0.9984 정도의 직선성을 나타내었다. 본 연구에 있어 비교방법으로 이용한 YSI 2300 STAT Plus와의 상관관계 및 정확도는 y = 1.0058x + 0.453, R = 0.9853인 것으로 나타났다. 검체량이나 검사자 및 항응고제에 따른 측정값에는 유의할만한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 헤마토크리트가 증가 또는 감소함에 따라 최소 10%에서 최대 26% 가량의 영향을 받는 것으로 관찰되었다. 결론: GlucoDrTM는 국내 사용되는 다른 혈당측정기와 비교하여 유용할 것으로 생각된다. Background: Self-monitoing blood glucose devices are sidely used in monitoring and point-of-care testing for the management of diabetic patients. We performed the present study to evaluate the performance of the GlucoDr™ blood glucose testing system using an electrochemical technique. Method: The GlucoDr™ was evaluated for linearity, precision, comparison of method, the effect of sample volume, hematocrit concentration, reapplication, operator and application methods. Results: The GlucoDr™ showed good linearity for glucose concentrations ranging from 52mg/dl to 475mg/dl(r²=0.971). The single day, and day-to-day, CV were within 8%. Excellent correlation was found between the GlucoDr™ and YSI 2300 STAT Plus(y=1.0058x + 0.453, r²=0.9710). The sample volume, reapplication, operator and application method produced no significant effect on the test result. An overestimation in the glucose values was found with low hematocrit concentrations. There was no significant effect by the anticoagulants, with the exception of citrate. Conclusion: The GlucoDr™ showed good linearity, precision and correlation with the reference method and provided rapid and reliable result for blood glucose levels. Therefore, the GlucoDr™ seems appropriate for clinical use in the management of diabetic patients.

한국인과 미국이민 한국인의 영적안녕과 지각된 건강상태 비교

박정숙,장희정 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare spiritual well-being and perceived health status between Korean and Korean-American and to provide basic data that might develop comprehensive health care program including spiritual dimension. Method : The subject of the study were 411 adults chosen from religious organization located in Gyeongsang Province, Korea and Chicago, U.S.A.. The instruments used in the study were Spiritual Well-being Scale by Paloutizian & Ellison and health Self Rating Scale by North Illinois University. Analysis of data was done by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANCOVA, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS program. Result :1) The mean score of spiritual well-being of Korean was 3.17 and Korean-American was 2.63, there was significant difference between two groups. 2) Perceived health status of Korean was 2.37 and perceived health status of Korean-American was 2.54, there was significant difference between two groups. Conclusion : According to this study, it is important to take into considerations spiritual aspects and cultural and environmental elements in developing the comprehensive health care program.

세기말에 나타난 역사주의(Historicism)의상에 관한 연구

朴潤貞,楊淑喜 服飾文化學會 2000 服飾文化硏究 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of stydy is explaining the Historicism as a result of compromise, historical eclecticism, between historical things and current cultural background instead of regarding it as an imitation from the past. It means that external factors in history help internal esthetic value surface out as costume. Fashions history is more than the classified thing according to the appearance with the changes of the times. Intrinsic cultural elements should be added in creating new fachion. One of the different features between Modernism and Post-modernism. When coming to the period of Post-modernism, it connected with the historical factors to make something new by fragmenating, magnifying, or minimizing them. This is calles "Historicism" in the world of art. It revived the past, not the past itself, in new ways: quotation, reuse, metaphor, and mixture. To represent the image, parody, pastiche, or bricolage was usually used. In post-modernism fashion, parody is a technique for imitating the past or the preceding forms with artists' own critical points of view. This technique gives us shock or surprise by using satirical, ironical or paradoxical expressions. pastiche shares the same part with parody in imitating particular or unique style, and it can be renamed empty parody, because it doesn't have any hidden motivation or satitical impulse,bricolage is a mixture of quotations from other works. It contains fragments that deepen the image. Like the techniques uttered above, the revival of history through parody, pastiche or bricolage is historical eclecticism and it is included in Historicism.

불량행위 청소년에 관한 사회 정신의학적 고찰Ⅱ

박영숙,조동환,김정기 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.6

1) 대응분석기법을 사용한 아버지의 직업비교에서 불량행위군은 타 군에 비해 서비스직(5.7%)이 많은 경향을 보였고 범죄군에서는 무직(12.4%)이 많았고, 학생군은 관리직(21.7%)이 많은 것으로 나타났고 어머니의 직업비교에서는 불량행위군은 타 군에비해 사무직(9.3%)이 많은 경향을 보였고 범죄군에서는 농·축산직(6.7%)이 많았고, 학생군에서는 판매직(18.1%)이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 특히 범죄군에서 어머니가 직업을 가지는 비율이 많았다. 2) 대응분석기법을 사용한 본인의 직업비교에서 불량행위군은 타군에 비해 서비스직(2.4%)과 사무직(2.1%)이 많은 경향을 보였고 범죄군은 범법행위전에 무직(73.5%)과 서비스직(3.6%)이 높게 나타났다. 3) 어머니의 태도에서 불량행위군과 범죄군에서 학생군보다 존중도가 떨어진 것으로 나타났고 형제간의 우애는 불량행위군과 학생군에 비해 범죄군에서 형제간의 우애가 아주 좋다고 보고하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 학교생활의 만족도에서 불량 행위군에서 학교 생활의 만족도가 다른 군에 비해 낮았으며, 오히려 범죄군에서 학교생활의 만족도가 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 5) 불량행위군과 학생군, 범죄군의 문제행동유형비교에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 불량행위군과 범죄군에서는 사회화성 비공격성향, 사회화성 성인모방성향, 사회화성 성표출성향의 순으로 나타났으며 학생군에서는 사회화성 성인모방성향, 사회화성 성표출성향, 사회화성 비공격성향의 순으로 나타났다. 6) SAS와 SDA검사에서 불량행위군이 불안 성향이 낮게 나타났으며, 범죄군의 불안 성향이 불량 행위군의 불안 성향보다 유의하게 높게 나타났고 불량행위군과 범죄군에서 학생군보다 우울 성향이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. Objectives : This research was performed to identify problem behavior patterns, family environment(job of parents, job of adolescence, harmony, respect), tendency of depression, tendency of anxiety and degree of internal-external control of male adolescent delinquents, through comparison of those of male high school students and criminal adolescents. Methods : We surveyed 838 male adolescents including 343 deliquents(Bul-Yang in Korean) from educational program of BBS(Big Brothers and Sisters) in Pusan, 168 crimianl adolescents from Adolescent Correctional Institution in Pusan, 327 high school students through questionnaire during the periad of Aug. 1993 to Feb. 1994. Results : 1) In the investigation of problem behavioral patterns, the frequency of socialized nonaggressive behavioral pattern was higher in delinquent group and criminal group than student group. The socialized nonaggressive behavioral pattern is more serious than socialized adult modeling behavioral pattern. 2) In the comparison of parents' jobs, jobs of delinquents' fathers were workfolks(35.6%), officials(22.1%), jobs of criminals' fathers were workfolks(50.4%), unemployed(12.4%), and jobs of students' fathers were official(23.4%). In criminals, mothers were more employed. 3) In comparison of their own jobs, delinquent group and student group had more students (69.9%, 100%) than criminal group(9.6%). 4) In the degree of mother's respect for children, mothers in student group were more respectful to her children than in delinquent or criminal group. 5) In the anxiety scale for SAS, delinquent group was less anxious than student group and criminal group. 6) In the depression scale for SDS, criminal group was more depressed than student group and delinquent group. Conclusion : According to these findings, delinquent group and criminal group had more serious behavioral patterns than student group. Criminal group was more depressed and anxious than student group and delinquent group. Criminal group is supposed to be poorer than student group and delinquent group. Therefore, we suspect that delinquent group is posed on intermediate place between student group and criminal group. Mother's respect to her children seems to be a crucial factor because ignorance and lower interests of mother to her children were found to be important in delinquent behaviors.

TV미디어에 반영된 한국여성의 성역할에 대한 고찰

박정숙 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 2001 여성연구논총 Vol.16 No.-

This study deinorlstrated general descriptions and roles of'women in TV programs and the possible influences to inembei's of the community a'ho Ineet the media. It porposed on seeking 1'orthe desirable 1'oles ot'women in the t'uture and suggesting the weh-Italanced 1·oles of men and women. To achieve the purposes, this study analyzed how the poblic recognize the gender roles through TV and media as a prior study. A inorning program as a typical example of women-targeting program was formahy made for women as femalecentered one but underthe benearh it ped a leading role in considering female problems of· infolination as individual ortrifling and making women adopted in the existing patriarchal system rather than suggesting apprcpriate and desirahle gender roles and female types. In addition, studying the 1·ole of a remale anchorin a news progi'am considered as a 1·epresentative genre for male discourses in quantity and quality, 1 coinpared the role of male anchor with that of remale one. Given that a TV 41·ama is a Hction in a form, we could just watch a female role as one of 41'amatic factors. However, considering it is most popular for female audience and it gives great hnpacts for them, the descriptions of women in the 4rama could bring the most formidable impacts to the community than in any other program. They are educated indirectly to the members of the community. Finahy, the female image in CF5, which met the principles of modern capitalism, was depicted as nettling but distolred sexual object. From the study, the female images shown ort TV programs and media can From the study, the female images shown on TV programs and media can be Summarized 35 follows : First, women are shown as minor and assistant roles unlike men. Women--- anchors, actresses, or models--- are the sexual objects who have auxhiary functions and mainly depend on men. They hardly position independent or active roles in the programs. Anotheris that they show stereo-typed women. Most of femte performers appeal their young ages in their twenties or more and appearances u·hhe male perfomers in different ages do porsonalities. This trend triggers female performers to look older and theirimages to be confined to beauty. Third, typical roles of women 1'equired in an authoritarian prclglrms and media are passive, mhd and 1'elation-centered. They get arcustomed to the titles or rolesderived from the relationships with men rather than their own names of job positions. furthemore, TV programs and media suggest the peissive role of woman is the ideal type in the patriarchal community. Next, TV programs and media have recogniBed the femal,』 type, which is the character of a woman intended by men. Forexample, female characters like a good wife and wise mottler in a drama, a beautiful female anchor supporting a male inaster, an intehigent female model attract the poblic attention with uniqueness and then disappear sooner of· later. Finahy, they tend to disparage female I'oles and their prbhems as trifling or individual ones by using a material of gender roles for drama as limited one. They suggest the problems of women only in the programs for female audience --- in palficular housewives--- in the morning which is not the time frah famhy members but only for some housewives. By doing this, they make the discussions just hollow echoes of them rattler than raise the puthic opinion. Female positions in Korean society have hven most rapidly in lproved in education, economic activities and social status and their social activities have continued to be expended. Nevelttleless, Korean society has discriminated women irl consciousness and practices which have been deeply rooted. To improvb this, what is most important is the change of female image in mass Tnedia. Abeve ah, the roles of TV programs are much inore hnportant in considerable repercussions. The media, however, do riot reflect the current of the times in female roles. If they reflect and propose ever-changing female roles variously and fairly, 1expect that this wirh be an epochal tuming point in marking the improvement against the discrhnination which has been fixed in Korean society. In advance, newly changed TV programs are expected to seive as a leading and instructing 1'ole of desirable gender role of women to the meinhers of the community as well as adolescents and then they will bring their duty to reeducate the society.

A Study on the Performance Differences in Translating the Adjectives and Adverbs in the Same Form

Park,Tae-Ja,Jeong,Nam-Sook 한국통번역교육학회 2019 통번역교육연구 Vol.17 No.2

One of the essential elements of English teaching for a long time was translation, and a number of entrance exams of universities or colleges focused on translation of paragraphs or texts for decades. Despite its significance, it has been a significant missing part to measure English proficiency in the classroom because it is not a format for high-stakes tests in Korea. This paper aimed at examining the performance differences in translating the words with the same form as adjective and adverb used in the paired sentences into Korean. More specifically, this study examined the awareness of the differing meanings of the same form of the words used as both adjective and adverb through translation. A total of 54 high school second years participated in the study. The findings of their qualitative analysis highlighted that the participants performed differently in translating the words in the paired sentences. One of the findings was that the students translated the words “fast” and “high” most correctly for both adjective and adverb, while their translating performance was extremely poor at the words “pretty” and “well” in the paired sentences as adjective and adverb.