2,30대 정상 성인남녀의 몸통 굽힘 시 골반의 기울임과 몸통 움직임 및 몸통 폄근의 상관관계 연구

박영주,이상열 대한통합의학회 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine if there is any correlation between pelvic tilt angle and trunk motion and trunk extensor during trunk forward flexion and to measure trunk motion, onset time of trunk motion, and onset time of trunk extensor activation. Methods : The subjects of this study were 42 healthy adults. The subjects had no back pain due to neurological disease and no experience of back surgery. After pelvic tilt angle was measured, each trunk forward flexion was performed three times. Trunk motion and onset time of trunk motion were measured using Myomotion. Four sensors were used, with one located at the upper thoracic (below C7), the lower thoracic (T12-L1), the sacrum (S1), and at the center of the anterior femur. Onset time of trunk extensors (spinalis, longissimus, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius) activation was measured using a wireless surface EMG. The EMG amplitude was normalized by using the reference voluntary contraction (RVC). The statistical significance of the results were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation test. Results : The correlation between pelvic tilt angle and lumbar motion, onset time of pelvis motion, and onset time of gluteus medius activation was statistically significant in a positive direction(p<.05). The correlation between pelvic tilt angle with pelvis motion, onset time of lumbar motion, and onset time of longissimus activation showed a statistically significant negative correlation (p<.05). Conclusion : The study results provide a significant contribution to our understanding of the lumbar load at the initial stage of trunk flexion. Therefore, it may be possible to provide basic data for evaluation and treatment, such as orthodontic treatment for alignment of the spine and back pain. In addition, it is necessary to focus on normal exercise pattern reeducation as well as pelvic correction during exercise in daily life or in industrial fields. Purpose : 본 연구의 목적은 몸통 굽힘 동작 수행 시 몸통의 움직임, 몸통 움직임 개시시간, 몸통 폄근의 개시시간을 측정하여 골반의 기울임각과 몸통 움직임 및 몸통 폄근의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. Methods : 본 연구는 42명의 건강한 성인을 대상으로 실시하였다. 신경학적 질환으로 인한 허리 통증이 없으며, 허리수술 경험이 없는 자를 대상으로 하였다. 골반 기울임각을 측정한 후, 몸통 굽힘 동작을 각각 3번 수행하였다. 몸통의 움직임 양과 움직임 개시시간을 보기 위해 삼차원적 동작 분석 장비를 사용하였다. 4개의 센서를 상부 등뼈(C7아래), 하부 등뼈(T12-L1), 엉치뼈(S1), 그리고 넙다리뼈 앞쪽 중간위치에 부착하였다. 몸통 폄근(가시근, 가장긴근, 중간볼기근, 큰볼기근, 넙다리두갈래근, 장딴지근)의 근개시시간을 보기 위해 표면근전도를 사용하였다. 근활성도를 표준화하기 위해 바로 선 자세의 근수축을 기준수축(reference voluntary contraction; RVC)으로 하여 움직임 동안의 근수축량을 표준화하는 %RVC 방법을 이용하였다. 골반 기울임과 몸통 움직임 및 몸통 폄근과의 상관관계를 보기 위해 Pearson의 상관관계 분석을 사용하였으며, 통계적 유의수준(α)은 0.05로 설정하였다. Results : 결과는 다음과 같다. 골반 앞쪽 기울임각과 허리뼈의 움직임, 골반의 움직임 개시시간, 중간불기근의 개시시간 값은 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). 골반 앞쪽 기울임각과 골반의 움직임, 허리의 움직임 개시시간, 가장긴근의 개시시간 값은 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<.05). Conclusion : 본 연구의 결과는 몸통 굽힘 동작의 초기에 허리 부하를 증가 시킬 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 추후에 있을 척추의 올바를 정렬을 위한 교정치료 및 요통 등 허리골반리듬에 변화를 줄 수 있는 손상이나 질환의 평가나 치료에 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 일상생활이나 산업장에서 몸을 숙이는 동작 시 골반교정과 더불어 정상적인 운동패턴 교육에도 초점을 맞추어야 할 것이다.

복부근력이 약한 여성과 정상 여성에게 복부 드로우-인 운동 후 엉덩관절 폄 시 허리폄근의 근수축 개시시간과 골반각도의 변화

김동우,한지원,박한규 대한통합의학회 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the abdominal draw-in (ADI) exercise on the onset times of the gluteus maximus (GM) and erector spinae (ES) as well as the pelvic anterior tilt angle during prone hip extension (PHE). Method : A total of 24 female adults were divided into two groups: those with normal abdominal muscles (n=12) and those with weak abdominal muscles(WAM; n=12). Before the intervention, the onset times of the GM and ES along with the pelvic angle during PHE were measured. Subsequently, the participants conducted the ADI exercise for 10 minutes. After conducting the ADI exercise, the onset times and the pelvic angle were re-measured. Results : In the pre-intervention comparison between the two groups, the WAM group showed faster ES onset times and higher pelvic angle than the normal group (p<0.05). In the WAM group, the ES onset times were significantly delayed after the ADI exercise (p<0.05). In both groups, the pelvic angle was significantly decreased after the ADI exercise (p<0.05). The decrease in the pelvic angle was significantly greater in the WAM group than in the normal group (p<0.05). The GM onset time was found to be not significant in all comparisons (p>0.05). Conclusion : Therefore, it can be concluded that after performing the ADI exercise, the pelvic anterior tilt during PHE is decreased in normal women and those with WAM, especially in the WAM group, suggesting that the ADI exercise can reduce the compensatory pelvic anterior tilt more effectively by delaying the ES onset times. 목적: 본 연구는 복부 드로우-인 운동 후 엉덩관절 폄 시 큰볼기근과 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간과 골반 앞쪽 기울임 각도에 어떠한 변화가 있는지 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 방법: 총 24명의 성인여성이 본 연구에 참여하였고, 정상여성(n=12)과 복부근육이 약한 여성(n=12)으로 나누었다. 중재 전 두 집단은 엎드려 누워 엉덩관절 폄을 실시하는 동안 큰볼기근과 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간과 골반 앞쪽 기울임 각도를 측정하였다. 이후 두 집단 모두 10분 동안 복부 드로우-인 운동을 실시하였고, 다시 처음과 동일하게 엎드려 누워 엉덩관절 폄을 실시하여 큰볼기근과 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간과 골반 앞쪽 기울임 각도를 측정하였다. 결과: 중재 전 진답 간 비교에서, 복부근육이 약한 여성집단은 정상여성집단에 비해 폄하는 다리 측의 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간이 유의하게 빨랐으며, 골반 앞쪽 기울임 각도는 유의하게 컸다(p<.05). 복부 드로우-인 운동 후, 복부근육이 약한 여성집단에서 양측 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간은 유의하게 지연되었다(p<.05). 골반 앞쪽 기울임 각도는 두 집단 모두 중재 후에 감소하였고(p<.05), 각도의 감소량은 복부근육이 약한 여성집단이 정상여성집단보다 유의하게 많은 감소량을 보였다(p<.05). 큰볼기근은 모든 비교에서 유의성을 보이지 않았다(p>.05) 결론: 그러므로 정상여성과 복부근육이 약한 여성에게 복부 드로우-인 운동 후 엉덩관절 폄은 골반의 앞쪽 회전은 감소시킬 수 있다고 제안한다. 특히 복부근육이 약한 여성에게 복부 드로우-인 운동 후 엎드려 누워 엉덩관절 폄은 척추세움근의 근수축 개시시간은 지연시켜 더 효과적으로 골반 앞쪽 기울임을 감소시킬 수 있다고 제안한다.

급성기 중풍 환자의 중풍발병시간에 따른 제속성 비교

김미영,최원우,민인규,선종주,정재한,나병조,홍진우,정우상,문상관,조기호,고성규,전찬용,한창호,Kim, Mi-Young,Choi, Won-Woo,Min, In-Kyu,Sun, Jong-Joo,Jung, Jae-Han,Na, Byoung-Jo,Hong, Jin-Woo,Jung, Woo-Sang,Moon, Sang-Kwan,Cho, Ki-Ho,Ko, Seong- 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to provide basic background information on stroke by evaluating various etiological factors on the basis that the onset time of cerebral infarction varies according to its cause. Methods : We studied hospitalized patients within 4 weeks after their ictus who were admitted at Kyunghee OMC, Kyungwon OMC, or Donguk Ilsan OMC from [month] $1^{st}$, 2005 to June $30^{th}$, 2007. We compared the general characteristics of acute stroke patients according to onset time. Results : Regardless of the onset time, the distribution of cerebral infarction patterns showed high SVO. The onset time did not show significant difference for average age, height, weight, BMI, waist measurement, hip measurement, or waist/hip ratio between onset during sleep and awakening. Patients whose stroke occurred while awake were more likely to have a past history of HTN, DM, ischemic heart disease, or atrial fibrillation but did not show significant difference according to their onset time. Conclusions : The above results show that the overall tendency of acute stage cerebral infarction patients varies according to their onset time. This study was carried out on the basis of previous findings that cerebral infarctions that occurred during sleep were more likely to have been caused by cerebral thrombosis, and strokes that occurred while awake were more likely to have been caused by cerebral embolism. However, there were no statistically relevant results, so a larger study group is needed to research the tendency of stroke patients.

Tokamak plasma disruption precursor onset time study based on semi-supervised anomaly detection

X.K. Ai,W. Zheng,M. Zhang,D.L. Chen,C.S. Shen,B.H. Guo,B.J. Xiao,Y. Zhong,N.C. Wang,Z.J. Yang,Z.P. Chen,Z.Y. Chen,Y.H. Ding,Y. Pan Korean Nuclear Society 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.4

Plasma disruption in tokamak experiments is a challenging issue that causes damage to the device. Reliable prediction methods are needed, but the lack of full understanding of plasma disruption limits the effectiveness of physics-driven methods. Data-driven methods based on supervised learning are commonly used, and they rely on labelled training data. However, manual labelling of disruption precursors is a time-consuming and challenging task, as some precursors are difficult to accurately identify. The mainstream labelling methods assume that the precursor onset occurs at a fixed time before disruption, which leads to mislabeled samples and suboptimal prediction performance. In this paper, we present disruption prediction methods based on anomaly detection to address these issues, demonstrating good prediction performance on J-TEXT and EAST. By evaluating precursor onset times using different anomaly detection algorithms, it is found that labelling methods can be improved since the onset times of different shots are not necessarily the same. The study optimizes precursor labelling using the onset times inferred by the anomaly detection predictor and test the optimized labels on supervised learning disruption predictors. The results on J-TEXT and EAST show that the models trained on the optimized labels outperform those trained on fixed onset time labels.

목 폄 시 탄력성 테이프의 신장력 차이가 전방머리자세 증후군의 근수축 개시시간에 미치는 영향

윤정규 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2022 PNF and Movement Vol.20 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effect of varying the expansibility of elastic tape on the onset time of muscle contraction during neck extension for forward head posture syndrome. Methods: Forty-five young adults with forward head posture syndrome volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to one of three groups according to the expansibility of the elastic tape (25%, 50%, 75%). The onset time of muscle contraction for the neck extensor during neck extension was measured using an electromyographic system (Free EMG, BTS, Italy). Multivariate analysis of variance was employed to determine the effect of different expansibilities of elastic tape on the onset time of muscle contraction during neck extension for forward head posture syndrome. When there was a statistically significant difference by MANOVA, Scheffe was used as a post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at α=0.05. Results: In the comparison of the onset time of muscle contraction of varying elastic tape expansibilities and measurement times, there was a significant difference between the groups (Lt. UT, Lt. SCM, Rt. SCM) (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the interaction between the measurement time and the group, between the measurement time (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In the neck extension, 75% of the tape extensibility in the Lt. UT and both SCM shortened the muscle contraction onset time.

뇌졸중 환자의 유병기간 및 발 위치에 따른 일어서기 동작의 특성

유연주,강서정,이기광 대한운동학회 2012 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.14 No.2

[INTRODUCTION] The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of Sit-To-Stand(STS) movement in stroke patients according to the stroke onset time and foot positions, analyzing force, foot pressure, and muscle activities. Many studies which investigated the characteristics of movements have not considered stroke onset time in subjects. The foot positions may influence the STS in subjects who had different stroke onset time. [METHOD] Foot pressure, force, and the activities of four muscles(Rectus Femoris, Bicpes Femoris, Tibialis Anterior, & Soleus) were measured, using Novel emed-x systems and DELSYS Trigno Wireless system. Subjects performed STS movements in three foot conditions(con1: two foots are parallel, con2: paretic limb is placed posterior to non-paretic limb, & con3: non-pareitc limb is placed posterior to paretic limb). [RESULT] Subjects who suffered from stroke within 12 months showed the maximum value of peak pressure, the minimum value of difference in vertical force between paretic and non-pareatic limb, and decrease of Rectus Femoris at paretic limb in con2. [CONCLUSION] The strategy which is the paretic limb was placed posterior to the non-paretic limb might be a helpful method for acute stroke patients. Stroke onset time within/after three years had an effect on activities of muscles. Therefore, stroke onset time might be considered in the movement study. [서론] 이 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 유병기간과 발의 위치에 따른 일어서기 동작의 특성을 분석하는 것이다. 뇌졸중 환자의 움직임과 관련된 선행연구들은 환자들의 유병기간을 고려하지 않은 채 그 결과를 일반적인 뇌졸중 환자의 움직임 특성으로 정의한다. 발 위치의 변화는 유병기간이 상이한 뇌졸중 환자들의 일어서기 동작에 어떤 영향을 줄 것인가 하는 의문에서 본 연구가 시작되었다. [방법] 압력측정 장비와 근전도 장비를 이용하여 일어서기 동작 수행 시 양 하지의 피크 압력, 힘, 대퇴직근, 대퇴이두근, 전경골근, 가자미근의 활동이 분석되었다. 대상자들은 세 가지 조건의 발 위치에서 일어서기 동작을 수행하였다. 조건1) 양발 나란히 놓고 일어서기, 조건2) 환측발을 건측발 뒤에 두고 일어서기, 조건3) 건측발을 환측발 뒤에 두고 일어서기 등이다. [결과] 뇌졸중 유병기간이 12개월 미만인 대상자들은 환측발을 건측발 뒤에 두고 일어서기 수행 시 양발의 최대 피크 압력이 크게 나타났고, 환측과 건측의 수직력 차이가 가장 작게 나타났다. 환측발을 건측발 뒤에 두고 일어서기 수행 시 환측 대퇴사두근의 활동이 감소하였다. [결론] 환측발을 건측발 뒤에 두고 일어서기 동작을 수행하는 것이 뇌졸중 유병기간이 짧은 대상자들에게 도움이 되는 전략으로 사료된다. 또한 유병기간 3년 전·후의 뇌졸중 환자들의 일어서기 동작 시 근육의 건측과 환측의 활동패턴이 다르게 나타났다. 따라서 뇌졸중 환자의 움직임 연구 수행 시 유병기간이 고려되어야 할 것이다.

슬굴곡근(hamstring muscle) 강화를 위한 교각운동(bridge exercise)에 대한 연구

강경환(Kang, Kyung-Hwan),정문균(Jung, Moon-Kyun) 한국웰니스학회 2017 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 교각운동을 통한 슬굴곡근 근력의 향상을 알아보기 위하여 normal 교각운동과 pressing 교각운동을 실시하였고 근육의 onset time, peak time, peak value를 살펴보았다. 본 연구에 참여한 연구대상자는 정형외과 질환이 없는 남자 5명, 여자 5명으로 선정하였고 지시에 따라 두 가지 교각운동을 실시하는 동안 표면 근전도 (Telemyo DTS, Noraxon Inc., USA) 4채널 시스템을 이용하여 근 활성도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과 onset time에서 남성집단의 가자미근에서 차이가 있었고, peak time에서는 남자와 여자 모두 대둔근과 척추기립근에서 normal 교각운동과 pressing 교각운동에서 차이가 있었다. Peak value에서는 남자의 경우 가자미근과 반건양근, 여자의 경우 반건양근에서 차이가 있어 pressing 교각운동은 슬굴곡근의 강화에 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며 슬굴곡근 강화를 위한 효과적인 프로그램을 구성하는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to explore the method of effective bridge exercise in order to strengthen lower limb muscular strength. Total ten subjects(five men, five women) without orthopedical disease voluntarily participated in this study. They performed normal bridge exercise and pressing bridge exercise by guideline. A surface electromyography(EMG) was applied to measure onset time, peak time, and peak value during the bridge exercises. we found these results. Onset time of soleus muscle was significantly faster in pressing bridge exercise compared to normal bridge exercise among men Peak time sequence was significantly different on gluteus maximus muscle and erector spinae muscle groups among men and women, respectively. Peak value were significantly higher soleus muscle and semitendinosus muscle among men and only semitendinosus muscle among women. This study suggests that semitendinosus muscle by pressing against floor is effective to enhance hamstring muscles and to increase other lower limb muscles.

운전 시 브레이크 페달링 속도가 하지 근수축 개시시간에 미치는 영향

성길희,황윤태,박지원,신화경,Sung, Gil-Hee,Hwang, Yoon-Tae,Park, Ji-Won,Shin, Hwa-Kyung 대한물리치료학회 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose: Driving is essential to maintain independent living status in modern times. Many patients want to know when they can drive again, but it's only possible if they have the ability to control lower extremity muscles. In this study, we compared the effects of velocity on onset time of lower extremity muscles during driving tasks. Methods: Twelve participants (5 male, 7 female) were enrolled. EMGs were used to test the onset time of lower extremity muscles; tibialis anterior, soleus, rectus femoris. To analyze the data, we used two way ANOVA. Results: According to brake pedaling velocity, there was a significant difference in brake response time (p<0.05). Further, when comparing the lower extremity muscles, there was a significant difference in onset time (p<0.05). The order of muscle recruitment was tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, and soleus for achieving maximal velocity, but the order was rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, soleus for achieving submaximal velocity. Conclusion: Brake pedaling velocity has significant effects on onset time of muscle contractions in the lower extremities. We suggested that a future study needs more subjects and more detailed research such as evaluat-ions of visuo-motor coordination and fine motor dexterity.

급성기 중풍환자의 발병시간에 따른 특성 및 위험인자 연구

김미영,김영지,이승엽,최원우,임정태,김창현,민인규,박성욱,정우상,문상관,박정미,고창남,조기호,김영석,배형섭,Kim, Mi-Young,Kim, Young-Jee,Lee, Seung-Yeop,Choi, Won-Woo,Leem, Jung-Tae,Kim, Chang-Hyun,Min, In-Kyu,Park, Sung-Week,Jung, Woo-Sang,Moon, S 대한한방내과학회 2008 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of general characteristics and risk factors according to onset time in acute stroke patients. Methods : We studied hospitalized patients within 4 wks after the onset of stroke who were admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Hospital, Kyunghee University East-West Neo Medical Hospital, Kyungwon University Songpa Oriental Medical Hospital, Kyungwon University Incheon Oriental Medical Hospital, and Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Medical Hospital from April 2007 to August 2008. The 24-hour day was divided into quartiles (6:00 to 12:00, 12:00 to 18:00, 18:00 to 24:00 and 24:00 to 6:00). We analyzed the general characteristics and risk factors according to onset time in acute stroke patients. Results : 468 subjects were included into the final analysis. 1. The most common time period for ischemic stroke onset was between 6:00 and 12:00. It demonstrated a 50% excess risk between 6:00 and 12:00. 2. On the demographic variables of the patients, the rate of hypertension was significantly higher from 18: 00 to 24: 00 than 24:00 to 6:00. 3. There was no significant difference of stroke type, Sasang constitution, or lifestyle between times. 4. According to the blood test, high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher at 24:00 to 6:00 and lower at 12:00 to 18:00 than other time-groups. 5. The patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome were significantly more at 12:00 to 18:00 and fewer at 24:00 to 6:00. 6. Hypertension and coffee drinking showed close relationship with patients whose stroke occurred while awake in multivariate analysis. Conclusions : The above results showed that the overall tendency of acute stage cerebral infarction patients varied according to their onset time. These results can be utilized in the future as a basis material.

Influence of Hip Abduction Velocity and Position on the Onset Times of Gluteus Medius and Tensor Fascia Latae Relative to Quadratus Lumborum in Healthy Subject: A Pilot Study

( Jung-bin Kim ),( Chang-kyo Yun ),( Gak Hwang-bo ) 대한물리의학회 2016 대한물리의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hip abduction velocity and position change on the relative onset times of the gluteus medius, the tensor fascia latae, and the quadratus lumborum in healthy subjects. METHODS: For this study, 15 healthy young adults were recruited. The subjects were asked to move their hip joints up to 35 degrees of abduction at a speed of 70⁰/sec and 17.5⁰/sec in the supine and side-lying positions. Electromyography data was collected for the gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae, and quadratus lumborum to determine the onset times. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the fast speed (70⁰/sec) and the slow speed (17.5⁰/sec) in hip abduction in a supine position and in a side-lying position, relatively. The onset time of the gluteus medius was faster than that of the tensor fascia latae and the quadratus lumborum in the side-lying position at the speed of 70⁰/sec and 17.5⁰/sec. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that hip abduction in a side-lying position is an effective method to recruit the gluteus medius earlier than the tensor fascia latae and the quadratus lumborum. Thus, the exercise position is considered necessory in the purpose of rehabilitation for gluteus medius muscle strengthening program.