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한글판 치료 동맹 척도 단축개정판(WAI-SR-K)의 표준화연구 : 신뢰도와 타당도
염지연,홍승철,정종현,김태원,엄유현,김성민,서호준,Yeum, Ji-Yeun,Hong, Seung-Chul,Jeong, Jong-Hyun,Kim, Tae-Won,Um, Yoo-Hyun,Kim, Sung-Min,Seo, Ho-Jun 대한불안의학회 2017 대한불안의학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Objective : The Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI-SR) has been reported as a reliable, valid and widely used tool for measuring therapeutic alliance. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of WAI-SR (WAI-SR-K). Methods : A sample of 196 outpatients completed the WAI-SR-K and the data were analyzed for internal consistency and factor structure. Additionally 51 outpatients re-filled WAI-SR-K after two weeks for the test-retest reliability. To test for the validity, questionnaires of treatment satisfaction, and scales including the Korean version of Drug attitude inventory-10 (K-DAI-10) and Hospital anxiety and depression scale (KHADS) were administered. Results : Internal consistency of WAI-SR-K was good (Cronbach's alpha=0.928) and an exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure. The WAI-SR-K showed a reasonable test-retest reliability (r= 0.810, p<0.01). The total score of WAI-SR-K was positively correlated with K-DAI-10 (r=0.276, p<0.01), and negatively correlated with scores of K-HADS-D (r=-0.217, p<0.01) and K-HADS-A (r=-0.159, p<0.05). Conclusion : The Korean version of Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised proved to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring therapeutic alliance in Korean patients with depressive symptoms.
모바일 애드혹 네트워크 환경에서 이기적 복제본 할당 문제에 대한 게임이론적 접근
염지연 ( Ji-yeon Yeom ),심규선 ( Kyu-sun Shim ),최재호 ( Jae-ho Choi ),이상근 ( Sangkeun Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2010 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
최근 무선 컴퓨팅 환경과 무선 단말기관련 기술의 발전으로 인해 모바일 애드혹 네트워크관련 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 모바일 애드혹 네트워크에서는 노드들이 자유롭게 이동하기 때문에 네트워크가 빈번하게 분리되며, 이로 인해 데이터 접근성 저하문제가 발생한다. 기존 연구에서는 데이터 접근성이 저하되는 문제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 복제본 할당 기법이 연구되었다. 그러나, 지금까지 연구된 복제본 할당기법들은 모바일 애드혹 네트워크 환경의 제한된 자원으로 인한 노드들의 이기적인 행동에 대해 고려하지 않았다. 본 논문은 모바일 애드혹 네트워크 상의 노드들이 자신의 이득을 위해 협력이 아닌 이기적인 행동을 택하게 되는 과정을 게임이론을 통해 설명하고, 수익함수 조절을 통해 노드들의 이기적인 행동을 억제할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.
치료 불응성 루푸스 신염 환자에 대한 Rituximab 치료
염지연 ( Ji Youn Youm ),성윤경 ( Yoon Kyoung Sung ),엄완식 ( Wan Sik Uhm ),전재범 ( Jae Bum Jun ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ) 대한류마티스학회 2005 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.12 No.4
Objective: To determine preliminary evidence for the safety and efficacy of B lymphocyte depletion therapy in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Four female lupus nephritis patients who had been refractory to steroid and one or more immunosuppressive therapy were treated on an open-label basis. During a 4-week period, each patient received two 500-mg infusions of rituximab and two 750-mg infusions of cyclophosphamide. Results: Patient 1, 2, and 3 were responded with rituximab treatment with improvements in SLEDAI and laboratory parameters such as C3/C4 and 24 hour urine protein. However, patient 4 had not improved with rituximab. The variation in the level of anti-double-stranded DNA antibody was different in individual patients. No significant adverse events were observed during follow-up. Conclusion: This study provides an evidence for the safety and possible efficacy of B lymphocyte depletion therapy in refractory lupus nephritis. However a further randomized trial is needed to confirm the efficacy and durability of remission.
혈액투석에서 투석액 칼슘농도와 칼시트리올이 골대사에 미치는 영향
염지연 ( Ji Youn Youm ),김현철 ( Hyun Chul Kim ),이영철 ( Young Chul Lee ),최종욱 ( Jong Wook Choi ),박준성 ( Joon Sung Park ),이창화 ( Chang Hwa Lee ),강종명 ( Chong Myung Kang ),김근호 ( Gheun Ho Kim ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.81 No.6
Background/Aims: Whereas higher dialysate calcium (Ca) levels may pose a risk of hypercalcemia, lower levels may induce a negative Ca balance. We evaluated the effect of lowering dialysate Ca levels from 1.75 to 1.5 mmol/L and explored the appropriate use of calcitriol to regulate bone metabolism in hemodialysis patients. Methods: The dialysate Ca levels of 36 patients were reduced from 1.75 to 1.5 mmol/L. They were divided into three groups according to basal intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level (group 1, iPTH<150 pg/mL, n=21; group 2, iPTH 150-300 pg/mL, n=7; group 3, iPTH>300 pg/mL, n=8). Data were collected at 3-month intervals for 1 year. Results: Throughout the study period, no significant difference in phosphate binders, serum Ca, phosphorus (P), or Ca × P products was observed among groups. However, iPTH, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and calcitriol dosage patterns differed among groups. In group 1, iPTH and AP increased significantly over 12 months (p=0.01). In group 2, iPTH and AP showed no significant changes. In group 3, iPTH and AP declined significantly over 12 months (p=0.02). Calcitriol dosage did not change in groups 1 and 2, but increased significantly in group 3 (p=0.001). Conclusions: After converting hemodialysate Ca levels from 1.75 to 1.5 mmol/L, the initially different iPTH concentrations converged to a modestly elevated level. The use of 1.5 mmol/L hemodialysate Ca may thus be appropriate for both high- and low-turnover bone disease if phosphate binders and calcitriol are combined appropriately. (Korean J Med 2011;81:751-758)
저수지 누수유로 파악을 위한 측선간 전기비저항 토모그래피
조인기,염지연,김기주,박영규 한국자원공학회 2006 한국자원공학회지 Vol.43 No.6
Resistivity method is one of the most effective techniques for the detection of anomalous seepage intervals in the embankment dam. Generally, resistivity data acquired along the crest of an embankment have been interpreted by assuming that the embankment dam has a 2-dimensional (2D) structure. Because the structure of the embankment dam is not 2D, there should be inevitable limitations in the interpretation of resistivity data. Even though resistivity method is a powerful tool to detect anomalous seepage intervals in the embankment dam, it is too difficult to locate anomalous seepage pathways completely since the seepage flow is not always straight. In this study, we present a new 2D resistivity modeling technique which assumes 2D structure with infinite extent along z-direction. This technique has the feature that makes us deal with the x- and y-directional variation of resistivity easily at the expense of giving up the z-directional variation of resistivity. Therefore, this technique has the advantage that the clay core, the reservoir water and etc can be easily included in the 2D resistivity modeling of the embankment dam. Also, we developed a crossline tomography method which can give a resistivity image in the x-y plane. The resistivity image is effective to identify anomalous seepage pathways in the embankment dam. 전기비저항 탐사법은 제체의 누수구간 탐지에 매우 효과적인 방법으로 알려져 있다. 일반적으로 제체 마루에서 수행되는 전기비저항 탐사는 제체를 2차원 구조로 가정하고 해석이 이루어진다. 하지만 저수지는 2차원 구조가 아니므로 해석상의 한계가 존재한다. 또한 2차원 전기비저항 탐사는 누수구간의 탐지에는 효과적이지만 누수유로의 파악에는 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 제체를 연직방향의 2차원 구조로 가정하는 전기비저항 탐사 2차원 모델링 방법을 제시하였다. 이 방법은 z-방향의 전기비저항 변화를 다룰 수 없지만 x- 및 y-방향의 전기비저항 변화를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있다는 특징을 갖는다. 따라서 이 방법은 그동안 제체의 2차원 모델링에서 고려하기 힘들었던 중심점토, 저수지물 등을 쉽게 모델링에 포함시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 또한 본 연구에서는 제체의 내제사면과 외제사면에 설정된 2개의 측선에서 측선간 토모그래피 탐사법을 시도하여, 제체 내부에서의 평면적 전기비저항 분포 양상을 파악하고, 이를 해석하여 제체 내 누수유로를 파악코자 하였다.
저수지 누수유로 파악을 위한 측선간 전기비저항 토모그래피법의 현장적용
조인기,염지연,김기주,최보규,김병호,이상선,박영규 한국자원공학회 2006 한국자원공학회지 Vol.43 No.6
Resistivity method has been widely used for the detection of anomalous seepage intervals in the embankment dam. Generally, resistivity survey has been performed along the crest of an embankment dam. However, the resistivity section does not provide complete information about anomalous seepage pathways because it shows only resistivity distribution in the x-z section. To find out anomalous seepage pathways, the crossline tomography technique can be applied since it provides resistivity distribution in the x-y plane. In this study, we applied the crossline tomography and the dipole-dipole resistivity survey along the crest together on 4 embankment dams to identify anomalous seepage pathways. Results show that crossline tomographic images can depict well the clay core and anomalous seepage pathways. Also, they are well matched with resistivity sections obtained along the crest. 전기비저항 탐사법은 제체의 누수구간 탐지에 널리 사용되는 방법이다. 일반적으로 전기비저항 탐사는 제체 마루에서 수행된다. 그러나 얻어지는 결과는 x-z 단면상의 전기비저항 분포이므로 누수유로의 파악에는 한계가 있다. 누수유로의 파악을 위해서는 x-y 평면상의 전기비저항 분포를 제공해주는 측선간 토모그래피법이 적용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 누수유로의 탐지를 위해서 국내의 4개 저수지에 대하여 측선간 토모그래피 및 마루부에서 쌍극자 배열 전기비저항 탐사를 수행하였다. 조사결과 측선간 토모그래피 영상은 중심점토 및 누수경로의 파악에 효과적이었으며, 마루부에서 얻어진 전기비저항 탐사결과와도 잘 부합되었다.
국내 강직성척추염 환자를 대상으로 한 Infliximab 치료
백유흠 ( Yoo Hum Baek ),염지연 ( Ji Youn Youm ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ),김태종 ( Tae Jong Kim ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),김태환 ( Tae Hwan Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2006 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Objective: Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-α, is effective in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), who have not responded to conventional therapy. There were no data on the efficacy and side effect of infliximab in patients with AS in Korea. The objective of this study is to observe the efficacy and adverse effect of infliximab retrospectively in Korean patients with AS. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of thirty-three AS patients. The patients were enrolled to fulfill the modified New York criteria of AS and be in active disease state and resist to conventional therapy. Patients were given 3~5 mg/kg of infliximab infusions at weeks 0, 2, 8 and 16. Information on C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) test was collected at each infusion. The paired t-test was used for comparison between the visits. Results: There were 29 male and 4 female patients. The mean age at first infliximab treatment was 34.6±9.8 years. All patients were HLA-B27 positive. ESR and CRP decreased significantly from baseline to 16 weeks after treatment (p<0.001, respectively). The mean ESR was 76.1±36.5 mm/h at baseline and 21.3±31.6 mm/h at 16 weeks. The mean CRP was 6.4±4.8mg/dL at baseline and 1.3±2.1 mg/dL at 16 weeks. Only 1 out of 33 patients got worse. All patients were tested negative for ANA at baseline. After 16 weeks of therapy, the induction of ANA was observed in 8 patients, but no patients have lupus-like symptoms. Conclusion: Infliximab is an effective therapy with non-specific adverse effect in AS non-responsive to conventional therapy in Korea.