근육형 군대에서 탈피하여 기술집약형 지능형 군으로! : 국방 융·복합 기술 연구 활성화를 꾀하는 서울과기대 국방과학기술연구센터(DIST)

김영환,배민권(편집자) 한국방위산업진흥회 2020 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.494

聖洗聖事와 神品聖事와의 關係

金榮煥,김영환 광주가톨릭대학교 신학연구소 1979 神學展望 Vol.- No.46

단일 폐결절의 전산화단층촬영 소견

김영환 대한영상의학회 1995 대한영상의학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Purpose : To evaluate criteria for differentiating benign versus malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs)by analyzing their morphology and perinodular parenchymal changes on CT/HRCT. Materials and Methods : Weretrospectively reviewed the CT/HRCT in 99 patients with SPN. Sixty two cases were proved by surgery, PCNA,clinical follow up and etc. Thirty seven cases were diagnosed by typical benign calcitication. We defined SPN as adiscrete, single lesion in the lung with margins that are sparp enough to permit measurement of diameter. Weexcluded lesions more than 4 cm in diameter and lesions with cavity from our study protocol. The study included 41malignant nodules and 58 benign nodules. Results : Mean diameter of malignant nodule was 2.9cm, benign nodule was2.2cm. Peripheral location of nodule was 28 in malignant nodules, 50 in benign nodules. Typical benigncalcification was observed in 37 tuberculoma and three hamartoma. Lobulated margin was noted in 32 malignantnodules and 14 benign nodules. Spiculated margin was observed in 17 malignant nodules and 20 benign nodules. Lowattenuation within the nodule was observed in 14 malignant nodules and 12 benign nodules. Pleural tail wasobserved in 14 malignant nodules and 31 benign nodules. Air bronchogram was noted in 18 malignant nodules and 4benign nodules. Juxta nodular tuberculosis was observed in 6 malignant nodules and 29 benign nodules. Conclusion :Malignant nodules were larger than benign nodules and more commonly demonstrated a lobulated contour and airbronchogram (p<0.05). Benign dodules more commonly demonstrated low density in the nodule and associated withjuxta nodular tyberculosis and peripheral location (p<0.05). Spiculatd margin and pleural tail were not helpfulto differentiate benign form malignant nodule.

Reasoning with Conceptual Distance in an Information Retrieval Model

김영환,Jin H. Kim(김진형) 한국인지과학회 1990 인지과학 Vol.2 No.1

도심지 미진동 제어발파에서 진동분석을 통한 안전 발파설계에 관한 연구(II) - 진동측정 자료의 통계적 분석을 위주로 -

김영환,안명석,박종남,강대우,이창우 대한화약발파공학회 2000 화약발파 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구지역은 안산암지역으로 지반의 구조특성을 잘 나타내는 균열계수로서 암반특성을 표현하였고 발파진동식을 추정하는데 있어서 결정계수를 높여 오차를 최소화하였다. 측정자료 를 누적분석하였을 때 결정계수가 0.002~0.531로서 신뢰하기 어려웠으며 동일 장약량을 가진 동일거리군 군별 평균진동속도로서 회귀분석한 경우 결정계수는0.493~0.531으로 그다지 높지 않은 결과가 나왔고 절사평균을 이용한 결정계수는 0.307~0.487로서 역시 신뢰하기 어려운 결과를 도출했다 또한 샘플수를 가중치로 적용하는 방법의 결정계수는 0.644~0.752로서 본 연구의 적용 통계적 방법중 가장 높은 결과를 도출하였으며, 진동속도 표준편차의 영향을 가중치로 적용하는 방법의 결정계수는 0.516~0.668이었고 진동속도 분산의 영향을 가중치로 적용하는 방법의 결정계수는 0.516~0.685이었다. 그러므로 발파진동추정식을 산출할 때 동일장약량을 가지는 15m이내의 동일거리군에서의 진동평균속도에 가중치를 적용하여 얻은 회귀분석 결과가 가장 신뢰성이 높았다. 이 때 자승근일 때의 발파진동상수 $K_{95}$는 317.4, n은 -1.66이었고, 삼승근일 때의 발파진동상수 $K_{95}$는 209.9,n은 -1.60이었고 자승근과 삼승근의 교차점분석시 허용진동속도 4cm/sec에서 교차점은 31m이므로 발파지점으로부터의 거리가 31m이내는 삼승근 적용이 신뢰성이 높고, 31m이상일 때는 자승근 적용이 신뢰성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다. Abstract The characteristics of bed rock in the study area was classified by means of the crack coefficient estimated from the seismic velocities of in-situ and intact rocks. Various statistical methods were investigated in order to minimize the possible errors in estimating the predictive equation of blasting vibration and to enhance the determination coefficient $R^2$, for more reliable estimation. The determination coefficient showed the highest in the analysis for those groups using weighting function with the number of samples. The analysis for the weighting function employed with standard coefficient and variance also enhanced the determination coefficients significantly compared to the others, but the reliability was slightly lower than results obtained former method. Therefore the most reliable predictive equation of blasting vibration was found to be obtained from a regression analysis of the mean vibration level using the weighting of same distance groups within 15m with the same explosive charge weight per delay. The coefficients, K and n 317.4 and -1.66, respectively, when using the square root scaling, and 209.9 and -1.66, respectively, when using the cube root scaling. The analysis also showed that the square root scaling may be used in the distance less than 31m form the blast source, and the cube root scaling in the distance more than 31m for safe design.

고려원자력 발전소 주변 해조류에 관한 연구 2. 1983년의 해조류 생식

김영환 忠北大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1987 遺傳工學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

본문참고

기판 온도의 영향에 따른 펄스레이저 증착법으로 성장된 ZnO 박막의 발광 특성

김영환,김성일,Kim, Y.H.,Kim, S.I. 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.5

펄스레이저 증착법으로 박막의 결함 생성을 최소화하여 우수한 발광 특성을 가지는 ZnO 박막 성장에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 기판 온도를 $400^{\circ}C$에서 $850^{\circ}C$까지 변화시켜 박막을 증착한 후 엑스선 회절법, 원자힘 현미경, photoluminescence (PL) 등을 사용하여 박막의 특성 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 ZnO 박막은 기판 온도에 관계없이 (0001) 사파이어 기판에 c-축 배향성을 가지며 성장하였음을 확인하였고 기판온도 $600^{\circ}C$에서 가장 조밀한 박막이 형성되면서 박막에 응력이 거의 걸리지 않고 결정성도 우수함을 확인하였다. PL 분석 결과 역시 $600^{\circ}C$에서 증착된 ZnO 박막이 UV 발광 피크의 반치폭 및 결함에 의한 가시영역에서의 발광 등을 고려했을 때 가장 뛰어난 특성을 보여주었다. 이와 같은 결과는 ZnO 박막의 발광 특성이 박막의 구조적 특성과 매우 밀접한 관계가 있음을 나타내며 또한 기판 온도가 매우 중요한 역할을 함을 나타낸다. 결론적으로 기판 온도 $600^{\circ}C$에서 우수한 UV 발광 특성을 가지면서 결함에 의한 가시영역 발광이 거의 나타나지 않는 ZnO 박막을 성장시킬 수 있었고 이러한 박막은 UV 광소자에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. We investigated the growth of ZnO thin films with prominent emission characteristics through minimizing the formation of defects by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). To do so, the ZnO films were deposited on sapphire(0001) substrates at the substrate temperature of $400-850^{\circ}C$ and then the variation of their structural and optical properties were analyzed by x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope and photoluminescence. As a result, all ZnO films were grown with c-axis preferential orientation irrespective of the substrate temperature. However, the crystallinity and stress state were dependent on the substrate temperature and the ZnO film deposited at $600^{\circ}C$ showed the best surface morphology and crystallinity with nearly no strain. And also this film exhibited outstanding emission characteristics from the viewpoint of full width half maximum of UV emission peak as well as visible emission due to defects. These results indicate that the emission characteristics of the ZnO films are strongly related to their structural characteristics influenced by substrate temperature. Consequently, ZnO films with strong UV emission and nearly no visible emission, which are applicable to UV emission devices, could be grown at the substrate temperature of $600^{\circ}C$ by PLD.

일측성 간질성 폐질한 1 예

김영환,이계영,심영수,김건열,한용철,조상헌,한성구 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Unilateral interstitial lung disease is a very rare condition. A 67 year old male was presented with fever and chill accompanied by progressive dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed unilateral homogenous opacification in the right lung, composed of air-space consolidation and reticular interstitial infiltration. He was treated with antibiotics and bronchodilators but there was no improvement. A transbronchial lung biopsy was done which suggested interstitial fibrosis. An open lung biopsy was done for confirmative diagnosis and as a therapeutic guide. The result was the diagnosis of intermediate stage of interstitial pulmonary fobrosis. Steroid were administered, resulting in a dramatic improvement, hoth clinically and radiologically.

초음파 유도하 좌측 경피경간 담배액술 : 시술의 난이도에 미치는 기술적 요인 분석

김영환 대한영상의학회 1998 대한영상의학회지 Vol.38 No.4

Purpose : To evaluate the factors affecting procedure related technical difficulties of US-guided left sided PTBD and the complications involved in the use of this method. Material and Methods : We prospectively evaluated US-guided left PTBD in 26 patients with malignant biliary obstructions. The causes of underlying malignancy were bile duct carcinoma(n=10), adenocarcinoma of the pancreas(n=8), GB carcinoma(n=4), metastasis to the porta hepatis(n=2), duodenal carcinoma(n=1), hepatocellular carcinoma(n=1). We divided the procedure into four steps for the evaluation of technical difficulties, and we measured procedure time and fluoroscopic exposure time. And we evaluated the incidence of procedure related complications. Results:US-guided left PTBD was successful in all attempted cases. The average procedure time and fluoroscopic exposure time involved were 14.2 min. and 5.5 min., respectively. From the first step to the fourth step, the average time required was 4.4 min, 2.3 min., 1.9 min., 5.6 min., respectively. One major complication involved sepsis(3.8%), and ten minor complications including five transient hemobilia(19.2%), three tube malfunction(11.5%), and two fever(7.6%). Conclusion : US-guided left PTBD was easy to perform and a relatively safe method. The total procedure time was short, and as the radiologist becomes more experienced, this could be further reduced.

췌장이식 : 술후 방사선학적 검사의 평가

김영환 대한영상의학회 1994 대한영상의학회지 Vol.31 No.5