Long second toe: its nail and skin changes

( Geun-hwi Park ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Nail can be affected by trauma, infection, and systematic disorders. In particular, the toe nails are exposed to the repeated and cumulative minor traumas, which usually result in thickened, splitted, and discolorated nails. Considering these, it can be inferred that the long second toe can be related to various nail and skin changes by repeated minor traumas such as friction in shoes, but the study or report on this topic hasn’t been done yet. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce various nail and skin changes on long second toe. Methods: We analyzed the kinds of nail/skin changes of 50 patients with long second toe, enrolled at Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan) from 2013 to 2018. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of left and right toe and toenail, and 7 (14%) patients presented bilateral distribution. The most common nail change on long second toe was melanonychia (23, 46%), followed by subungual hematoma (15, 30%), onycholysis (2, 4%), subungual hyperkeratosis (2, 4%), onychomadesis (1, 2%), and retronychia (1, 2%). The most common skin change was corn (9, 18%), followed by paronychia (2, 4%). Twenty (20/50, 40%) patients also had other toe or toenail changes. Among them, the most common site was big toe/nail (13, 62%), and the most common change was subungual hematoma (8, 42%). Conclusion: Through this study, the dermatologists can recognize and diagnose the nail and skin changes of long second toe.

펠던크라이스 기법, 탄성밴드 운동 및 복합운동 적용이 현대무용전공자의 체간근력에 미치는 영향

김채수(Kim Chae-Soo),권혜영(Kwon Hye-Young),이원재(Lee Won-Jae),조창모(Jo Chang-Mo),김진환(Kim Jin-Hwan),주성범(Ju Sung-Bum),이미경(Lee Mi-Kyoung) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

This study is carried out to examine the effect of applying Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training on trunk muscle. The subjects of this study were 32 modern dance majors and they were divided into four groups which consists of 8 peoples each, Feldenkrais method group(modern dance + Feldenkrais method), elastic band training group(modern dance + elastic band training), combined training group(modern dance + Feldenkrais method + elastic band training), and control group(modern dance). Measurement variables which are trunk muscle were measured before training, and after 4 and 8 weeks training and the results are as follow: In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 0°, Feldenkrais method group, elastic band training group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group had significant increase after 8 weeks training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 45°, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training and after 4 weeks training. Also elastic band training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group and elastic band training group significantly increased after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 90°, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training, and elastic band training group significantly increased after 8weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 135°, there was no significant changes. In the right muscle strength change, elastic band training group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 180°, combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. From above results, applying 8 weeks regular program of Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training to modern dance majors showed positive changes on improvement of trunk muscle strength and physical strength. Also this study implemented to verify the effects of trunk muscle strength and body balance through supplementary training program, and showed the effects in the training group and control group after 8 weeks trunk muscle strengthening program. Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training are very effective to improve trunk muscle strength of modern dance majors so that continuous implementation and application of these effective training program shall be provided for strengthening trunk muscle.

무증상 갑상선기능저하증 환자에서 Thyroxine 치료에 따른 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백의 변화

조보연,신찬수,김원배,고창순,김성연,박혜영,박건상,이홍규,박형규,김숙경 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.1

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) is a common biochemical abnormality which can be found in routine screening tests of thyroid function. We are increasingly faced with the question of whether its an indication for thyroxine replacement therapy. The effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile in SCH has aroused a great interest because of an association of overt hypothyroidism(OVH) with hyperlipidemia and increased risk of coronary artery disease. Method: We prospectively evaluated the changes in lipids and apoproteins before and after thyroxine replacement therapy in 23 patients with SCH and in 37 patients with OVH. We measured serum total cholesterol and triglyceride using autoanalyzer, high density lipoprotein(HDL) chole-sterol by dextran sulfate method, Apo A1 and Apo B by immunonephelometric assay. Results: Thyroxine replacement therapy significantly decreased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol and apo B levels, but did not affect the level of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol or apo AI in patients with OVH. In SCH, thyroxine replacement therapy with the doses to normalize serum TSH concentrations also decreased significantly the level of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol albeit apo B levels did not change. Moreover, in most of patients with OVH (11 of 12) and in all of patients with SCH(5 of 5) who had had hyperchlesterolemia before treatment, thyroxine replament normalized their cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: In regard to the beneficial changes in blood lipid levels, patients with SCH should be treated, especially in cases who have other risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. If thyroxine replacement only will reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease in SCH remains to be elucidated by long-term prospective studies(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:41-51, 1996).

카드뮴폭로후 고환, 신장 및 간장내 카드뮴축적량과 조직손상의 변화

이영구,박정덕,최병선,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 1994 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

To assess the changes of cadmium deposit and histopathologic finding of testis, liver and kidney, different dose of cadmium (Cd) was administerd into male Sprague-Dawley rat(purchased from KIST, Korea Institute of Science and technology) by single intravenous injection. At 12, 24, 48, 168 and 672 hours after Cd injection, tissue cadmium concentration and histopathological change were examined. Cd exposed group showed lesser weight gain than the control. Renal Cd content tended to increase in time-dependent pattern, while hepatic and testicular Cd content tended to decrease. Mean of renal Cd content to hepatic Cd content (Cd K/Cd L) also progressively increased. These results suggest that Cd might be gradually transported to kidney from other organs. In testis and liver, degenerative changes appeared relatively in acute phase. These changes became more pronounced in testis, while less prominent in liver. In kidney, swelling of proximal tubluar cells and thickening of glomerular basement membrane appeared relatively later and these changes were progressively aggravated.

A survey of counseling and behavior regarding skin cancer

( Young Bin Shin ),( Chang Il Kwon ),( Jeong Won Jo ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: As the incidence of skin cancer increases, more information and education on skin cancer are needed. Although skin cancer is not rare, most patients are little known about general awareness of skin cancer. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the post-education effects on skin cancer in our hospital outpaitents and carers. Methods: We reviewed a written questionnaire and patients’ self-checked records including patients’ basic medical information and knowledge of skin cancer protective modalities. Results: In total 340 cases, 215 (63.2%) patients were female and 125 (36.8%) patients were male. 6 people in their teens, 56 people in their 20s and 30s, 156 people in their 40s and 50s, 122 people in their 60s or older. Before education, 142 people said sunlight can cause a skin cancer and 178 did not. After education, 246 people said Yes and 94 people did not. When asked how you wanted to get more information on skin cancer, 104 (30.6%) people said that they were printed handout, 142 (41.8%) were visit to dermatologists, 52 (15.3%) were photos of skin symptoms, and 42 (12.3%) were phone calls. Conclusion: This result showed that people are little known about risk factor of skin cancer such as sunlight and artificial tanning. However, we found that through education, people's perceptions could change. The education on behavior for skin cancer prevention should be continued so that the awareness of the risk of skin cancer can be changed.

사염화탄소 투여 흰쥐에서 간섬유화 진행에 따른 Propranolol 의 약동학적 지표들의 변화

이민호,강주섭,강문수,윤병철,이오영,함준수,변재원,윤창옥 대한간학회 2001 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims : This study was designed to determine the effect of hepatic fibrotic severity on pharmacokinetics of propranolol in CC1q - treated rats. Methods - 1 mL/kg of 10% CC14 in olive oil was injected intramuscularly to rats twice weekly for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks, respectively (n=6). Control (n=6) was a sham - injected equal dose of olive oil for 10 weeks. After intravenous bolus injection of 2 mg/kg propranolol to rats, the serum propranolol concentrations were analyzed for 4 hours at various time points by a HPLC - fluorimetric system, and pharmacokinetic parameters such as Co, MRT, AUC, Vdss, tl/2(p) and CLp were determined. Then, a small amount of hepatic tissue was obtained and subjected to determination of the hepatic 4 - hydroxyproline content, which confirmed the hepatic fibrotic severity. Results : The serum concentrations of propranolol at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours were significantly increased in CC1q-treated rats (p$lt;0.01). In proportion to the duration of CC4 treatment, Co and AUC were significantly increased, and Vdss and CLp were significantly decreased (p$lt;0.001). But MRT and t1/2(β) were not significantly changed. The hepatic 4 -hydroxyproline content was gradually increased in CC4-treated rats (p$lt;0.001). Conclusion - Gradual changes in pharmacokinetic parameters of propranolol were seen to be dependent on the hepatic fibrotic severity. We suggest that gradual dosage modification, according to their hepatic fibrotic severity, is necessary for many drugs administered to patients with chronic liver disease.(Korean J Hepatol 2001;7:181-188)

Chlorhexidine varnish 처치 후 고정식 교정장치 장착 환자의 치태내 균주 변화 양상에 대한 장기간 관찰 연구

장영일,양원식,남동석,김태우,백승학 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 chlorhexidine varnish를 고정식 교정장치 장착 환자의 치면에 도포한 후 나타나는 치태내 균주의 변화 양상을 장기간 관찰하는 것이다. 서울대학교병원 치과진료부 교정과에서 고정식 교정장치로 치료하기로 하였던 환자 100명중에서 32주까지 장기간 추적 (follow-up) 되었던 21명을 최종 연구대상으로 선정 하였다. 실험군(12명)은 chlorhexidine varnish를 1주일 간격으로 4회 도포한 후 고정식 교정장치를 부착하였고, 대조군(9명)은 chlorhexidine varnish처치를 하지 않고 고정식 교정장치를 부착하였다. 그리고 실험군에서는 20주 째에 chlorhexidine varnish를 1회 처치하였다. 두 군에서 고정식 교정장치 부착 직전과 부착 후 4, 8, 20, 32주의 치태내 균주의 변화 양상을 간접면역 형광 현미경법으로 분석하고 SAS 통계프로그램을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.Streptococcus mutans는 실험군에서 전 실험기간동안 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 억제되었고 (p〈0.01), 대조군에서 전 실험기간동안 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 증가하였다 (p〈0.05). 2.Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mitis, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii는 실험군과 대조군에서 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 변화를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 고정식 교정장치를 사용할 환자에서 chlorhexidine varnish를 처치할 경우 치아 우식의 주 원인균인 Streptococcus mutants를 장기간 선택적으로 억제할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. The authors observed the long term effects of chlorhexidine vanish treatment on microbial change of dental plaque in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances. The initial sample was 100 patients who were arranged to be treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. The final sample consisted of 21 patients who could be traced for 32 weeks after application of fixed orthodontic appliances. They were classified into the experimental group (12 patients) and the control group (9 patients). The experimental group was treated with chlorhexidine vanish once a week for 4 weeks before application of fixed orthodontic appliance. The control group was not treated with chlorhexidine varnish before application of fixed orthodontic appliance. The experimental group was treated once more after 20 weeks. The microbial changes of dental plaque were analysed by indirect immunofluorescence technique at pre-treatment, post-treatment 4, 8, 20, and 32 weeks. The results were as follows. 1.In the experimental group, streptococus mutans was significantly suppressed during experimental period.(p〈0.01) But, in the control group, streptococcus mutants was significantly increased after placement of fixed orthodontic appliances during experiment period.(p〈0.05) 2.Streptococcus sanglus, Streptococcus mitis, Actinomyces viscosus, and Actinomyces naeslundii did not show significant change between the experimental and the control group during experiment period. So, if we treat the orthodontic patients with chlorhexidine varnish before application of fixed appliances, we may suppress the major cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, selectively for long period.

Multiple myeloma 환자에서 Bortezomib치료 후 발생한 마비성 장폐색증 1례

김준영,이원식,손창학,박성길,진한영,박석주,조영완,정은욱,강명주,박정하,주영돈 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Bortezomib is the first clinically available proteasome inhibitor that is clinically effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma. A proteasome inhibitor acts through multiple mechanisms to arrest tumor growth, tumor spread, and angiogenesis. The main adverse effects of bortezomib are gastrointestinal symptoms, cytopenia, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy. To date, severe paralytic ileus has not been reported as a toxic effect of bortezomib treatment in multiple myeloma. Bortezomib is a novel agent that has only been used clinically for 30 months, so a need exists to further evaluate its toxicity. We report a case of grade Ⅲ (NCI CTCAE v3.0) or grade Ⅳ(SWOG toxicity criteria) paralytic ileus in a 65-year-old man with relapsed multiple myeloma who underwent one cycle of single-agent bortezomib treatment scheduled in a 21-day cycle (1.3 mg/㎥ as a single i.v. bolus on days 1, 4, 8, and 11).

정부조직의 ‘조직융합관리’에 관한 시론적 연구

임영제(Young Je Yim),이창원(Chang-Won Lee) 한국정책과학학회 2008 한국정책과학학회보 Vol.12 No.4

1990년대 이후 주요선진국들은 정부혁신의 한 가지 방편으로 정부부처들을 통합하는 정부조직의 개편을 단행하였고, 우리나라 역대 정부들도 그동안 정권이 바뀔 때 마다 정부조직의 효율성, 생산성 제고 등의 기치 하에 부처 간 통폐합을 시도하였으나 통합의 시너지 효과를 보지 못하고 여러 가지 부작용을 경험해온 것이 현실이다. 이러한 부작용을 최소화하고 의도했던 조직통합의 효과를 얻기 위해서는 조직의 융합관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 그동안 조직의 특정 변수에 치우쳐 연구되어 왔던 조직통합, 조직융합에 대한 연구를 검토함으로써 조직융합의 통합적 접근법을 시론적으로 제시하고자 하였다. 아울러 개념적 혼란이 남아 있는 것으로 생각되는 통합과 융합의 개념적 정립을 시도함으로써 이로 인한 개념상의 혼란과 융합지표 설정의 혼란 등을 해결할 수 있는 단서를 제공하고자 시도하였다. 이를 위하여 우선 조직융합에 관한 선행연구들을 조직문화적 측면, 인적자원관리적 측면, 구조기능적 측면의 세 가지 측면으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 조직융합의 개념정립과 관련해서는 통합과는 차별화되는 융합의 개념을 제시하고 이를 바탕으로 조직융합의 통합적 접근을 모색하였다. 즉 조직문화적 접근, 관리과정적 접근, 구조기능적 접근의 세 가지 접근을 통하여 ‘화학적 결합’으로서의 조직융합의 방향을 제시하였다. This study finds the successful management strategies of PMI (post-merger integration) in public organizations and explores the process of the PMI in public organizations. PMI is the most important phase of organizational change. The PMI period is very similar to any strategic change management process for an organization. It must continually assess the speed of the changes being made, establish clear leadership, communicate effectively, maintain a human resource focus throughout the process, deal with both internal and external resistance, and make rational decisions. It must be dynamic in adapting to the ever-changing circumstances. What is the message that this study leaves for practicing managers and academics? A successful strategy of PMI(post-merger integration) in the public organizations is depends on having strategy or merger logic that goes beyond simple cost saving, rationalization, and the capacity to realize those strategic benefits through the public and cultural integration processes that are the focus of this study.

The clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and analysis of association with other vascular diseases

( Jeong Won Jo ),( Chang Il Kwon ),( Young Bin Shin ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Stasis dermatitis is a common dermatologic disorder. It is caused by venous hypertension results from venous backward flow. However, research on the association with specific vascular disease is insufficient. Objectives: This study was intended to investigate in clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and analysis of association with other vascular diseases in our hospital outpatients. Methods: In this study, we investigated 37 patients with a diagnosis of stasis dermatitis in our hospital from 2014 to 2019. We reviewed clinical manifestations and relation with other vascular disease. Results: In total 37 cases, 20 (54.1%) patients were female and 17 (45.9%) patients were male. Twelve two (59.5%) patients were presented as erythema, followed by 14 (37.8%) as purpuric lesions and 11 (29.7%) as brownish changes. There were 4 (10.8%) patients showed crust, 3 (8.1%) as edema, 2 (5.4%) as scale, 2 (5.4%) as ulcer. For symptoms, 15 (40.5%) patients complained itching, 4 (10.8%) as tenderness, 3 (8.1%) as pain, 1 (2.7%). In relation with other vascular disease, 16 (43.2%) patients represented with vein related disease such as deep vein thrombosis, varicose vein and thrombophlebitis. However, there was no arterial disease such as arteriosclerosis obliterans. Conclusion: The result shows clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and association with other specific vascular diseases. By understanding these findings, it is expected that better treatment outcome will be obtained.