진화 알고리듬을 위한 객체지향 모델링과 클래스 라이브러리 구현

정호연,이수연,곽재승,김용주,박기태,현철주 한국경영과학회 2000 經營 科學 Vol.17 No.2

In evolutionary algorithm, there exist various models for the evolution of the population with respect to schemes and strategies for reproduction, in the application of the algorithm to a specific problem, one model suitable to the problem is to be properly chosen and a program expert or a software is needed to help implement and test a designed algorithm. In this study, object oriented modeling and the class library for simple evolutionary algorithms(SEA) with one population is developed. The library proposed here can be used as a generalized tool for solving problems in a wide range of domains.

인체 자궁암 세포에서 천연 성분이 P-당단백질의 활성에 미치는 영향

정수연,고은정,김나형,성민경,장정옥,이화정 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2005 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.15

Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is, at least in part, associated with the overexpression of P-gly-coprotein (P-gp). Many studies hve demonstrated that natural compounds obtained from fruits, vegetables, teas and medicinal plants may modulate P-gp activity. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the effect of seven natural compounds on the P-gp activity in human uterine sarcoma cell line, MES-SA/DX5. Daunomycin uptake was significantly increased by biochanin A and silymarin (p<0.0001) whereas it was reduced by morin (p<0.01). The efflux of daunomycin from the cells was significantly inhibited by biochanin A, morin, cephalotaxine, berberine (p<0.05) and silymarin (p<0.0001). Biochanin A, berberine and silymarin significantly decreased IC_(50) value of daunomycin (p<0.05) while morin increased it (p<0.05). These results suggest that some natural compounds such as biochanin A and silymarin may inhibit P-gp funciton and can by developed as MDR reversing agents to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs when administered concomitantly.

기초군사훈련이 체력과 신체구성에 미치는 영향

정영수,우재홍,박익렬,박성태,김연수 서울대학교 체육연구소 2000 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of basic military training on the physical fitness and body composition of midshipmen. The test on the twenty subjects were done twice at the beginning and end of their 5-week's basic training with same variables and order in both tests in Naval Academy, Jin-Hae. The source variables of physical fitness in the test were muscle strength, muscle endurance, muscle power, agility, balance, flexibility and so on. The source variable of body composition were body weight, fat-free mass, percentage of body fat and so on. The sum of abdomen, triceps, and suprailium skinfold thickness were measured in order to assess alterations in fat-free mass and percentage of body fat. Paired sample t-test was used for data analysis and the significance level was set at the 0.05. The results of this study were as follow: 1.muscle endurance, balance, flexibility, endurance time(p〈0.01) and muscle power(p〈0.05) were increased after training programme. 2.muscle strength and agility showed tendency to increase. 3.Body weight and free-fat mass were increased but % body fat were decreased after training programme(p〈0.01). It might be concluded from the test that basic military training in Korean Naval Academy is effective for the increase physical fitness, cardiopulmonary function, fat-free mass and for the reduce of body fat percentage.

일정축력 및 반복 횡하중을 받는 철골철근콘크리트 기둥의 내력과 변형성능

정수영,연길환,임경택,윤석천,한병찬 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.10 No.2

An experimental investigation was conducted to investigate the strength and deformation capacity of Wide Flange Steel Encased Reinforced Concrete(SRC) Columns subjected to constant axial compression and cyclic lateral loading conditions. Six one-third scale specimens were tested, each consisting of a structural steel size encased in reinforced concrete. The parameters studied in the test program included the effects of B/t ratios of encased steel(=13, 18, 23), ratios of axial force(=1/3, 1/6). As a result, capacity prediction based on superimposing the moment-axial-load interaction surfaces of the steel shape and reinforced concrete produced good results; the average of the experimental-to-predicted capacity ratio being equal to 0.99∼1.20. The observed hysteretic behavior of the test specimens indicated that adequated ductility can be achieved and the concrete core must be inhibited to buckling of wide flange.

만성정신질환자의 계속입원치료 심사에 관한 연구

정인원,박환규,정연복,김수일,원구연,김교형,신철진 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 정신보건법에 근거하여 매월 정기적으로 개최된 충청북도 정신보건심판위원회를 통하여 정신질환자의 계속입원치료 청구 심사의 현황과 문제점을 파악하고 개선사항을 지적함으로써 정신질환자의 효율적인 관리를 유도하고 인권남용의 여지를 차단하고자 한다. 방 법: 충청북도 내의 정신의료기관에서 계속입원치료 심사청구서 및 진단서, 보호의무자의 동의서 등을 제출한 정신질환자들을 대상으로 계속입원치료 청구에 대한 승인 여부를 매달 정기적으로 심사하였다. 1년 6개월여동안 심사한 자료를 정리하여 진단 및 보호의무자, 의료보장별 특성과 불승인률 등을 분석하였다. 결 과: 충청북도 심판위원회에 계속입원치료를 청구한 정신질환자는 21차례의 위원회 동안 총 7,981명이었으며, 진단별로 정신분열병은 80.9%, 알콜중독은 8.1%, 치매 등 기타는 11.0%이었다. 또한 보호의무자는 시장 또는 군수가 29.8%, 부모가 26.9%, 형제가 26.1%, 부부가 6.3%, 자녀가 5.9%, 기타가 5.0%로 나타났으며, 의료보장은 의료보호가 73.0%, 의료보험이 27.0%이었다. 이들 중에서 196명이 계속입원치료를 불승인받아서 전체 불승인률은 2.46%이었으며 정신분열병과 알콜중독 환자의 진단별 불승인률은 각각 0.73%와 17.6%이었다. 결 론: 정신과 병상의 대부분이 장기적으로 입원하는 만성 정신질환자들로 구성되어 있어서 이들에 대한 별도의 대책이 시급하다. 또한 계속입원치료가 불승인되어 퇴원한 환자들의 재활 및 사회적응을 위한 사회적 지지 체계가 부족하며, 특히 환자의 인권보호를 위한 구체적인 기준 등이 필요하다. Objectives: This study was to develop effective managements and to avoid the abuse of human rights in mentally-ill patients. The Mental Health Judgement Board of Chungchongbuk-do province has been held monthly since August, 1997 according to the Mental Health Act. In this study, the procedures and the problems of judging continuing hospitalization of chronic mentally-ill patients were reviewed. Methods: The mentally-ill patients who submitted the request for continuing hospitalization with the certificate of charged doctor and the agreement of caregiver were reviewed by the Mental Health Judgement Board of Chungchongbuk-do province. The analysis of the diagnoses, caregivers, medical care systems, and rejection rate for the patients were done. Results: Total mumber of mentally-ill patients who requested for continuing hospitalization were 7,981 from twenty-one monthly meetings. The diagnostic distributions were 80.9% for schizophrenic patients, 8.1% for alcoholics and 11.0% for others including dementia. As for the caretakers, the rate of majors was 29.8%, parents 26.9%, sibling 26.1%, spouse 6.3%, offspring 5.9%, and others 5.0%. And 73.0% of the patients were on Medicaid and 27.0% were insured. The patients who got the rejection for continuing hospitalization were 196 at the rate of 2.46%. And the rejection rates of schIzophrenic and alcoholic patients were 0.73% and 17.6%, respectively. Conclusions: New policies for decreasing longterm hospitalization of chronic mentally-ill patients are required. And the social support systems for psychiatric rehabilitation and readjustment are presently insufficient for the already discharged mentally-ill. Moreover, the practical guidelines for human rights of patients remains to be suggested.

美國急進主義運動의 擡頭와 衰退要因硏究

鄭然植,金慶麟,陳壽美,金東根 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.42 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the unfolding of the radical movement in the United States during the turn of this century. It particularly concerns about the factors determining the uprising of the radicalism at the end of the 19th century and its fall with the World War Ⅰ. The rise of American radical movement can be traced back to the industrializing era after the Civil War. It started as a reaction to the evils resulted from the rapid industrialization. Initially several movements broke out sporadically, however, until the radical ideology from Europe was flowed in. Then, the radical movement was accelerated. During this period, the leading figures who particularly influenced the development of the movement were: De Leon from the Socialist Labor Party; Gompers from the American Federation of Labor; Debs from the Socialist Party; and Haywood from the Industrial Workers of the World, etc. The movement in this era was unfolded the following historical phases: from 1870s to 1880s, the preparation stage of organizing the movement; 1890s, early action stage characterized by the Populist Movement, Pullman Strike, etc.; 1900s, the flourishing phase led by the Socialist Party and IWW; the declining phase was followed since the end of 1910s; after 1920s, American pragmatism again prevailed over radicalism. Factors attributed to the rise of the radical movement are: depravation of entrepreneurship; recurrent economic crises; deterioration of labor conditions; the influence of Marxism; and insensitive attitudes on the part of the capitalists and government. This paper also suggests the factors determining the decline of the movement: the rise of the American patriotism around the World War Ⅰ era; government's strong counteractions; anti-socialism prevailed by the negative impact of the Soviet Revolution; collapse of the movement organizations; economic recovery after the War; and the government's implementations of reforming policies. At conclusion, radicalism in the United States has played the preventive role against the risk of irreversible corruption of the Establishment and its rigidity.

항산화제 섭취가 탈진적 운동 시 장딴지근의 GPx 및 GR의 활성에 미치는 영향

정성태,김연수,이왕록,박익렬,강현주 서울대학교 체육연구소 2001 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of maximal exercise and a long-term antioxidants supplementation on antioxidant enzyme(GPx and GR) activity of gastrocnemius muscle in rats. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats(4 weeks old) were used as subjects. The subjects were divided into 4 groups such as, CON(n=6 in control group), NAE(n=6 in non antioxidants exercise group), AC(n=6 in antioxidants control group) or AE(n=6 in antioxidants exercise group). Non-antioxidants group(CON & NAE) fed general food(Samyang, Inc., Korea) for 16 weeks. Antioxidants group(AC & AE) fed the general food and the mixed antioxidants which were consist of vitamin E(200 lu/kg/day), vitamin C(50 mg/rat/day), vitamin B6(250 ug/kg/day), β carotene(300 mg/kg/day) and selenomethionine(0.1 mg/mg/day), The weight of each subject group was weighed 2-3 times per week. After the diet experiment for 16 weeks, exercise groups(NAE & AE) completed acute treadmill running(speed increased gradually to 25 m/min, 15% uphill grade, ∼50±10 min) until exhaustion. Immediately after exhaustive treadmill exercise, all the subjects were sacrificed for the isolation of gastrocnemius. Then, GPx(Glutathione Peroxidase) and GR(Glutathione Reductase) of the gastrocnemlus muscle were assayed. The protein concentration in the muscle and heart was determined by the Lowry method. After finishing the analysis of antioxidant activity, statistical analysis was carried out by two-way ANOVA and independant t-test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Maximal exercise increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle, Further, a long-term antioxidants supplementation more significantly increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle than those of non-antioxidants group. In conclusion, the present results clearly show that the exhaustive maximal exercise gave rise to increase oxidative stress which led to oxidative damage so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of gastrocnemius muscle were increased. Further, it has been found that the long-term antioxidants supplementation could decrease oxidative stress in the tissues so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of skeletal muscles was more increased.

비균질성을 고려한 김포매립장의 수리전도도 추정

장연수,정상용 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1995 산업기술논문집 Vol.6 No.-

본 논문에서는 지구통계학적 방법을 이용하여 오염물 이동에 큰 영향을 미치는 김포 쓰레기 매립지의 수리전도도의 비균질성에 대해서 분석하였다. 수리전도도는 가압 실내투수 실험 자료와 현장 투수실험 자료를 이용하였고 지구 통계학적 방법으로는 일반 크리깅과 조건부 시뮬레이션 방법을 이용하였다. 그 결과 실내수리전도도의 범위는 1.2×10 exp (-7) - 9.6×10 exp (-7)cm/sec, 1.1×10 exp (-8) - 7.17×10 exp (-6)cm/sec, 그리고 현장 수리전도도는 4.27×10 exp (-9) - 2.02×10 exp (-6)cm/sec, 3.34×10 exp (-9) - 1.43×10 exp (-5)cm/sec가 일반 크리깅과 조건부 시뮬레이션 방법에서 각각 구해졌다. 대체로 현장 수리전도도는 실내 수리전도도 자료에 비하여 10에서 100배 정도 컸으며 일반 크리깅 해석보다 조건부 시뮬레이션에 의한 수리전도도의 비균질성이 크게 나타났다. In this paper, the heterogeneity of hydraulic conductivity of Kimpo Waste Landfill which has large influence on the migration of contaminant transport is analized using Geostatistical methods. The hydraulic conductivity data are obtained from laboratory pressurized permeability test and in-situ slug test. The Geostatistical methods used in this analysis are Ordinary Kriging and Conditional simulation. The results show that the range of laboratory hydraulic conductivity data was 1.2×10 exp (-7) - 9.6×10 exp (-7)cm/sec obtained from Kriging analysis and 1.1×10 exp (-8) - 7.17×10 exp (-6)cm/sec from Conditional simulation. The in-situ hydraulic conductivity data have the range of 4.27×10 exp (-9) - 2.02×10 exp (-6)cm/sec from Kriging analysis and 3.34×10 exp (-9) - 1.43×10 exp (-5)cm/sec from Conditional simulation. It can be recognized that in-situ hydraulic conductivity data have magnitude 10 to 100 times higher than the laboratory hydraulic conductivity data and the heterogeneities of hydraulic conductivity obtained from Conditional simulation are greater than those obtained from Ordinary Kriging analysis.

조직구성 수성망상증 2예

최연수,박일,죄희충,김원식,양태영,허경,안기완,정춘해 조선대학교 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.2

Histiocytic medullary reticulosis (HMR) is a malignant noeplastic process, with tumor cells belonging to the histiomonocytic line, and originally described by Scott and Robb-Smith in 1939 characterized by its acute onset, progression to death within a few months and its clinical features are fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and purpura common laboratory findings are characterized by severe anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and histologically by systemic progressive invasion of morphologically atypical histiocytes or of their precursor. 61 and 37-year-old males were admitted with camplaints of high fever and chilling sensation and were treated by cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednison and antiobiotics, but patients all died 17 and 14 days after admission due to probably sepsis and respiratory failure.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.