정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

지배-결속이론과 최소이론

양우진 제주대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.35 No.1

GB theory and Minimalist theory have the same properties of the following : 1) Explicit charaterization of linguistic competence 2) Language is unique to humans 3) Language is common to all humans 4) Language is a core case of Descartes' problem 5) Crucial human faculties like thinking, imagination, mathematical conceptions, etc. are deeply relate to and derived from language faculty 6) Among human faculties, language faculty is most succeptible to modern scientific investigation Two perspectives can be distiguished GB theory, one which emphasize rule systems and the other, systems of principles. The rule system consistsof three basic parts; A) Lexicon B) Syntax : ⅰ) Base component ⅱ) Transformational component C) Interpretive components; ⅰ) PF component ⅱ) LF component The principles fall into the follwing subsystems. a) X-bar theory b) theta-theory c) Case theory d) Binding theory e) Bounding f) Control theory g) Government theory GB theory has three fundamental components, organized as in the following; ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) Minimalist theory has the following rules and principles; Select-α, Satisfy, Affect-α, Spell-out, LF, PF, Economy principles… Procrastinate, Greed, morphological properties or featurds The general organization of Minimalist theory is as shown on the following : ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) PF and LF are interface between the system of language faculty and the systems of other conitive faculties. Every element of PF and LF must receive external interpretation. All and only licensed elements are externally interpreted.

인지과학, 언어 그리고 의미

양우진 제주대학교 1996 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

Cognitive science is the study of human intelligence in all of its forms, from perception and action to language and reasoning. The exercise of intelligence is called cognition. There have been the vigorous progresses among scientists working within diverse traditions, employing different methodologies, and starting from different assumptions. Undergraduate and postgraduate programs in cognitive science were stated in many universities, both in North America and Europe. Crucial human faculties like thingking, imagination, mathematical conceptions, etc. are deeply related to and derived from language faculty. Among human faculties, language faculty is most succeptible to mdern scientific investigation. The theory of language faculty is a model for theories of other human facultis. Linguistic experience triggers the growth of language faculty but never determines the properties of language faculty, just as proper nutrition is necesary for the growth of arm but never determine the shape of arms. The grammar of a language can be regarded as a particular set of values for the parameters, while the overall system of rules, principles, and parameters is Universal Grammar, which we may take to be one element of human biological endowment, namely, the "language faculty". ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) Two perspectives can be distinguished in the study of universal grammar, one which emphasizes rule systems and the other, systems of principles. 1) rule system a) Lexcon b) syntax: (i) Base component (ii) Transformational component c) Interpretive components: (i) PF component (ii) LF component 2) systems of principles x-bar theory, Theta-theory, Case theory, Binding theory, Bounding theory, Control theory, Government theory, ect. The extensions of sentences are truth-values(extensional type t) and the extensions of names are entities(extensioanl type e). The intensions of sentences are functions from possible worlds to truth-values. Such functions are indicated by(s,t). The intensions of names are funtions from possible worlds to entities and are thus of intensional type(s,e)

인슐린 주사제의 고충실 액체색층기 분석

우정택,팽정렬,김성운,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.8

Index Theory : Binding Theory

양우진 제주대학교 1988 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

The study of generative grammar. initiated about 25 years ago, represented a significant shift of focus in the approach to problems of language. The rapid spread of thransformational ideas among linguists not only in the united states but throughout the world, and th readiness to throw aside traditional views have brought in the open a widely-felt dissatisfaction with the narrowness of purpose and method imposed on itself by linguistics. In the course of this work there has been a gradual shift of focus from the study of rule systems, which have increasingly been regarded as impoverished to the syudy of systems of principles, which appear to occupy a much more central position in determining the character and variety of possible human language. The study of properties of verb and position of NP is the main subject of universal grammar. The theory of binding is concerned with the relations of anaphors and pronominal to their antecedent. The theory of bounding specifies locally conditions, in particular, the subjacency condition on movement rules. The theory of control is concerned with the choice of antecedents for PRO. If we decided to represent coreferenced relations by using indices. then the question of determing whether any given pair of NPs in a sentence can or can not be interpreted as coreferential can be reformulated as that of determining whether a given pair of NPs can or can not be assigned the same referetial index.

유연한 수리계획 작성을 위한 모형관리자의 설계 및 구현

양영철,장양자,김기동,박진우 한국경영과학회 2001 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(2)

Recently, in the competitive environments, every company recognizes the importance of planning models. However, there are so many problems in correctly applying mathematical model to the real world. Because mathematical modeling packages, especially, charge planning managers with understanding the models and responsibility for generating plans, fast and accurate model cannot be generated with ease. In this paper, we design the system that helps planning managers flexibly create and modify mathematical models and manage model versions. Also, we implement this model management system with model base concept.

언어에 있어서 α-이동

양우진 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.37 No.1

Grammar has three fundamental components, organized as in the following : ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) In this article, I discuss the properties of Move-α:wh-movement and Np-movement. wh-movement moves a constituent to an A'-position. leaving a co-indexed trace. I have discussed the properties of the target of movement, of the landing site and of the trace. Typically wh-movement is involved in the formation of questions. where a wh-phrase is moved to 〔Spec, CP〕, movement cannot cross more than bounding node. The bounding nodes are subject to parametric variation. In English IP and NP are bounding nodes:in CP and NP are bounding nodes. NP-movement is illustrated in passive and raising structures. It affects NPs which cannot be case-marked in their base-position. NP-movement leaves a co-indexed trace which is a non-pronominal anaphor, hence subject to Principle A of the binding theory. The moved antecedent NP and the trace form a chain. Verbs which induce NP-movement are those which lack an external theta role and fail to assign ACCUSATIVE case. These verbs are referred to as unaccusative verbs. The structure preserving principle imposes severe restrictions on the effect of Move-α. The theta criterion and the extended projection principle are argued to apply at both D-structure and at S-structure, while case theory and the binding apply at S-structure.

Segmental K-means 학습 알고리즘을 이용한 한국어 연결 숫자음 인식의 성능 향상

양진우,이근수 안성산업대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

본 논문은 Segmental K-means training 알고리즘을 이용한 한국어 연결 숫자음 인식의 성능향상에 관한 연구이다. 본 인식시스템은 세그먼테이션부, 표준 음성 작성부, 인식부로 구분된다. 세그먼테이션부에서는 Level-building word segmentation 알고리즘을 사용하여 각 단어 패턴들로 학습 데이터를 세그먼트하고, 표준 음성 작성부에서는 각각의 토큰 파일에 있는 데이터로 단어 표준 패턴을 개선한다. 인식부에서는 Level-building HMM 알고리즘을 이용하여 연결 숫자음을 인식한다. 본 실험은 잡음이 있는 연구실에서 20대 남성 화자 7명이 21종의 7연결 숫자음을 7회 발성한 자료를 사용하여 학습된 데이터에 대해 95.2%, 다중 화자 종속 데이터에 대해 94.5%, 화자 독립 데이터에 대해 86.7%의 인식률을 보였다. This paper represents a study on improvement of the Korean connected digits recognition using the Segmental K-means training algorithm. This recognition system is composed of the segmentation section, the design of standard speech section, and the recognition section. In the segmentation section, the training data is segmented into each word pattern using the level-building word segmentation algorithm and in design of standard speech section, the standard word pattern is improved using data which is in each token file. Using the level-building HMM algorithm, connected degits are recognized by the recognition section. This experiment yielded a recognition rate of 95.2% on the trained data, 94.5% on the multi-speaker dependent data and 86.7% on the speaker-independent data by making use of 21 sort of 7 connected digits. This data were uttered 7 times by 5 male speakers in speakers in their twenties in a noisy laboratory.

점액성 대장 및 직장암의 임상 병리학적 고찰

신동우,김남규,민진식,김호근,양우익 대한대장항문학회 1997 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.13 No.3

골다공증의 동통에 대한 엘시토닌의 효과

양인명,김성운,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.10