Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

정신훈련 프로그램의 실시에 따른 체육수업 참여유형 비교연구

김원배,김정수,정청희,노희덕,홍준희 師範大學 體育硏究所 1998 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify the student participation styles in elementary school physical education classes. To identify the student participation styles, the factors such as subject, teacher, parents, the level of family economy and classroom environments were investigated. To achieve the purpose of this study was observed during 3 months in 1997. Educational ethnography was used in order to collect qualitative date. The subjects were 40 students on grade 4 in Chang Soe elementary school. Student participation styles were categorized six domains based on classroom teacher's observation and evaluation about them for 4 months. This styles included 'enthusiastic students', 'officious helpers', 'modifiers', 'ball girl-ball boys', 'timid paragons', and 'halfway students' Enthusiastic student was characterised by learning ability and attitude in his classroom, Officious helper by interference in other students in classes, Modifiers by the his tendency of exchange and execuse about the teacher-assigned-task, Ball girls-ball boys by yield their opportunity to participation in games and took peripherial position as by-hnaders, Timid paragons by work his task only when the teacher let him ordered and listen to teacher's explanation attentively, Halfway students by very bad learning attitude and made distribute the learning circumstances by their mischief. The result of this study were as follows;

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

미생물제 Mity-Gro의 포도 품질 향상 효과

정경화,상혜영,윤정희,박희승 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2002 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

Mity-Gro는 비병원성 박테리아인 Bacillus Lateosporus를 주성분으로 하는 미생물제재로서 본 실험은 Mity-Gro가 포도 품질 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. Mity-Gro 엽면시비는 포도과실의 착색을 증진시키는 것으로 나타났으며 유의성은 인정되지 않았으나 일부 당도향상 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 착색에 대한 처리효과는 품종간, 과방중간에 다른 것으로 조사되었다. 반면에 Mity-Gro 처리는 과실 비대에는 영향을 미치지 않으며 다른 외부요인들이 과실비대에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 Mity-Gro 처리에 의한 수량증대는 기대하기 어려웠다. 한편 멸균처리시에도 안토시아닌 증가를 통한 과실의 품질향상 효과가 인정되어 이와 관련된 다른 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되었다. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Mity-Gro on the improvement in the quality of Grapes. Mity-Gro is a microbial fertilizer that is made from Bacillus lateosporus, an avirulent bacteria. Applying Mity-Gro on the leaves of gapes improved in coloring of berries and had somewhat effect on increasing the sugar content. The effects of Mity-Gro on coloring between varieties and between clusters were different. In contrast, applying Mity-Gro on the leaves of grapes did not directly effect on the growth of berries, Because many unknown external factors were considered to affect on berry growth, the increase in grape quantity by applying of Mity-Gro could not be expected. However, more studies in related areas are necessary in the future since anthocyanin content of grapes was increased in the control, the treatment of sterilizing water.

틱 장애의 진단분류에 따른 임상특징과 질환 심각도와 연관된 변인들

정선주,정희연,황정민 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2001 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.12 No.1

연구목적 : 본 연구는 일과성 틱 장애(Transient tic disorder : TTD), 만성 틱 장애(chronic tic disoder : CTD), 뚜렛 장애(Tourette's disorder TD) 아동의 임상 양상을 비교하고, 틱 장애의 질환 심각도와 연관된 변인을 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 방법 : DSM-IV 진단분류에 따라 틱 장애로 진단된 69명의 아동과 대조군 43명을 대상으로 인구학적 변인 및 틱과 관련된 임상적 변인을 조사하였다. 틱 증상의 심각도를 알아보기 위해 예일 틱 증상 평가 척도(Yale Global Tic Serverity Scale)을 시행하였으며 연구 대상 모두에게 동반된 정서/행동 문제를 평가하기 인해 아동 행동조사표(Child Behavior Checklist)를 시행하였다. 결과 : TTD군은 CTD및 TD군과 비교할 때 틱 증상의 지속 기간이 짧을 뿐 아니라 틱 증상의 심각도와 장해 정도도 미약하였다. TTD군의 동반된 정서/행동 문제 역시 CTD, TD군에 비해 유의하게 적었으며 공격성 소척도 점수를 제외하고는 정상대조군과 차이가 없었다. CTD군과 TD군간에는 틱 증상의 종류, 개수와 CBCL의 사회성 문제 소척도 점수외에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내는 변인이 없었다. 틱 증상으로 인한 장해 정도를 가장 잘 예측해 주는 변인은 운동틱의 강도와 방해도, 틱 증상의 지속기간이었으며, CBCL 총 문제행동 점수와 가장 높은 연관성이 있는 변인은 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애(Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder : ADHD) 의 존재여부였다. 결론 : 본 연구의 곁과는 틱 증상의 심각도 외에 증상의 지속 기간이 틱 장애 아동들의 틱으로 인한 장해도에 큰 영향을 미치며, 동반된 ADHD의 존재가 이득의 임상상을 결정하는 데 있어 중요한 역할을 한다는 점을 시사한다. 또한 위와 같은 임상 변인들이 틱 장애의 진단적 분류보다도 틱 장애 아동의 질환 심각도를 판단하고 치료방침을 결정하는데 있어 더욱 중요함을 시사한다. 중심 단어 : 틱 장애 · 하위 진단 · 질환 심각도 · 장해. Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical features of children with three sub-diagnoses of tic disorder (transient tic disorder (TTD) , chronic tic disorder (CTD) and Tourette's disorder (TD)) and to exam the factors related with illness severity of them. Method : Subjects were 69 children who met DSM-Ⅳ criteria for tic disorder and 43 control chil-dren. All subjects were investigated demographic and clinical factors related to tic. The severity of tic was assessed with the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) in tic disorder children. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was accomplished by parents of all subjects. Results : Children with TTD had not only shorter duration of tic symtoms but also milder tic severity and impairment than those with CTD and TD. They also had significantly lower scores on most CBCL subscales than children with CTD and TD, while they were similar with controls in all the CBCL subcale scores except aggressive behavior. Children with CTD and those with TD were similar to each other in clinical variables except number of tic symptom and scores on CBCL social problem subscale. The interference and intensity of motor tic symptoms and duration of tic symptoms were significant predictors of global impairment score on YGTSS, while the presence of comorbid ADHD was a pre-ictor of the total behavior problem score of CBCL. Conclusion : These findings indicate that duration of tic symptoms and the presence of comorbid ADHD as well as the severity of tic symptoms strongly associated with the illness severity of children with tic disorder. These results also suggest that those clinical factors may be more important for assessing the severity of illness and determining the treatment strategy than the sub-diagnosis itself in children with tic disorder. KEY WORDS : Tic disorder ㆍ Sub-diagnosis ㆍ Illness severity ㆍ Impairment.

위암환자 전산화단층촬영시 경구조영제로서 물의 유용성에 관한 연구 : Usefulness of Water as an Oral Contrast Agent

정경원,김충현,박청희 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.1

Computed tomography is valuable for direct visualization of changes of gastric wall and staging of gastric tumor. Gastric distension is essential for the evaluation of gastric wall. Computed tomography of the gastric wall after sequential ingestion of normal saline to 1000cc, followed by rapid intravenous injection of contrast medium, was performed in 36 patients with known gastric tumors. Three patients were excluded due to incomplete gastric distenstion and the lesion was not detected. Thirtythree patient was analysed preoperatively; the changes of wall were analysed in all patients and CT staging is compared with that of 19 cases who underwent surgery. The results were as follows: 1. All cases are adenocarcinomas. 2. Thickening of gastric wall is detected in all cases and the ulceration within the thickened wall is detected only in five cases among the 25 cases of Borrmann type Ⅱ and Ⅲ. 3. Absence or presence of perigastric fat infiltration is correctly diagnosed in 15 cases among the 19 cases who underwent surgery 4. Lymph node metastasis, is correctly diagnosed in nine cases among the 19 cases 5. Pancreatic metastasis is correctly diagnosed in all cases who General acceptance and tolerance of water as a gastric contrast medium was good in all patients, and water made excellent negative contrast with gastric wall, and there was no side effects.

Prednisolone 에 의한 장티푸스 抗菌治療의 지연

鄭喜泳,鄭圭源,金在亨,徐廷和,宋貞燮 대한감염학회 1976 감염 Vol.8 No.1

For the purpose of shortening of febrile period of typhoid fever, prednisolone was administered with bacteriocidal antibiotics though corticosteroid had not been used routinely for its possible side effects on typhoid fever. The authors suspected beneficial effects of corticosteroid because the action of bacteriocidal antibiotics was different from the action of bacteriostatic effects of chloramphenicol which was used in the last 30 years. The result was quite different from expectation and the febrile period of the patients was prolonged in all of the cases as shown in figures. Corticosteroid must not be used in typhoid fever so far as it is possible because delay of antibiotic effect than other known side effect. The possible mechanism of the longer intracellular parasitism of Salmonella typhi due to corticosteroid for the prolongation of fever was discussed.

세자리 Schiff base Cobalt(Ⅱ)와 Nickel(Ⅱ) 착물들의 합성과 전기화학적 성질

정만태,이송주,채희남,정병구 광주보건대학 1994 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Co(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) complexes containing tridentate Schiff base ligand SOIPH [salicylidene-o-iminopyridine] derived from salicylaldehyde with 2-aminopyridine were synthesized. These complexes were characterized 표 elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis(T.G.A.), solution conductivity, and IR and UV-visible spectra. It was found that Co(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) complexes had a 2 : 1 Schiff base ligand to metal(Ⅱ) ratio and were octahedral configuration. The redox processes of these complexes in DMF and DMSO containing 0.1M TEAP as supporting electrolyte were investigated at glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and at HMDE(hanging mercury drop electrode) by differential pulse polarographic (DPP) technique. Reduction of Co(Ⅱ) complex was two steps, whereas Ni(Ⅱ) complex was one step. Reduction of these complexes observed as one electron process irreversibly and diffusion- controlly. Reduction of the Co(Ⅱ) complex was observed positive potential than Ni(Ⅱ) complex.

韓國港灣의 效率性에 관한 實證的 硏究 : DEA 技法適用을 中心으로 Chiefly on the Application of DEA Technique

鄭泳熙,李廷浩 조선대학교 경영경제연구소 1997 經營經濟硏究 = Management and economics research Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to investigate analytically the efficiency of Korean ports in the theoretical aspects by reviewing previous studies and using statistical year book for Korean port(1986-1995), and also to make and attempt to estimate empirically the efficiency of 10 main ports by using Data Envelope Analysis technique for the general export and import goods and goods for container with the policy implications for the empirical results and analysis. The main results of empirical analysis are as follows: First, in the analysis of the general export and import goods, port efficiency of Pusan, Incheon,Ulsan, and Masan is high although the ratio of capacity and vacility shortage is high. The port efficiency of Kwangyang,Kunsan,Mogpo,and Pohang is low but ratio of capacity and facility shortage is high. Second, the port efficiency for container goods ranks Pusan, Incheon, Ulsan, Kwangyang. That orders are the same those of handling capacity,that is to say, if the handling capacity is high, efficiency is also high. The policy implications for the empirical results are as follows: First, policy planner for the improvement of Korean ports should consider the several efficiency indicators for the investing ports including the main result for this paper when he decides new investment scale. Second, for balanced growth among the regions for ports, government should choose the one of ports which is located in the West coast, for example Kunsan port. Third, for the scientific and systematic port management, government should consider the all input elements and output elements in connection with port efficiency and also draw up an enhancement plan for port efficency, because the port management in the near future by private enterprises will increase the port efficiency through the keen competition in terms of service for customers.

한우 체외수정란의 동결보존 및 핵이식에 관한 연구 : Ⅱ. 체외수저란의 동결방법이 동결.융해후 생존율에 미치는 영향 Ⅱ. Effects of Survival Rates of Frozen-Thawed Embryo Frozen Methods

정장용,박희성,홍승표,김정혁,桑潤滋,離素娟 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-

본 연구는 수정란의 동결기법을 확립하고자 배반포기에 있는 한우 체외수정란을 이용하여 유리화 및 직접이식 동결방법으로 동결을 실시하여 동결·융해후 생존성, 동해방지제의 종류, 평형 및 할구의 손상여부 등에 대한 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유리화 동결방법중 GESD-VS와 EFS 용액을 동해방지제로 사용하였을 때 동결·융해 수정란의 생존율은 각각 69.8 및 37.3%로써 이들간에 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 있었으며, 동결기를 이용한 직접이식 동결법은 생존율이 56.0%로써 유리화 동결방법과는 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 동결·융해후 생존한 수정란의 발달율은 GESD-VS용액을 사용하였을때가 53.4%로써 EFS용액을 사용하였을때의 24.0%보다는 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높게 나타났다. 1 및 2단계 평형시 단계별 생존율은 각각 11.7 및 23%로써 이들간에 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었으며, 동결·융해 수정란의 발달율도 각각 10 및 16.8%로써 평형방법간에 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 신선수정란, 유리화 동결수정란 및 동결비를 이용한 직접이식 동결법으로 동결하였을 때 동결·융해 수정란의 할구수는 각각 98.7±2.3개, 69.1±2.6 및 84.2±2.7개로써 동결방법들간에 유의적(P<0.05)으로 할구수의 차이가 많았다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of cryoprotectants, equilibration step, number of blastomeres on survival and developmental rates of bovine in vitro fertilized blastocysts(Korean native cattle) frozen/thawed by vitrification and frozen for direct transfer(1.8M ethylene glycol). The bovine oocytes were collected from 2-5mm follicles, matured for 24hrs in 5% CO_2 incubator and then fertilized with cauda epididymis sperm. Blastocyst at day 7-9 ater IVF were frozen in vitrification and frozen for direct transfer(1.8M ethylene glycol). Survival and developmental rates of frozen-thawed IVF embryos were examined. The results were as follow ; The survival rate of IVF blastocyst after vitrification in GESD-VS, EFS and 1.8M ethylene glycol solution were 69.8, 37.3 and 56.0%, respectively(P<0.05). When equilibrated in 1 step(11.7%) was similar to the result from 2 step(23.0%), and no significantly(P<0.05) different between the equilibrated steps. The number of blastomere at blastomere at blastocyst of bovine embryos frozen/thawed in fresh, vitrification and freezing for direct transfer were 98.7±2.3, 69.1±2.6 and 84.2±2.7, respectively, and were significantly(P<0.05) different between the freezing methods.