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신장절제술을 받은 환자에서 desflurane-remifentanil과propofol-remifentanil의 술 후 신기능과 간기능에 대한 비교
이왕용,윤희석,이원형,윤석화,박상일,김병묵 대한마취통증의학회 2013 Anesthesia and pain medicine Vol.8 No.4
Background: Choice of anesthetics in patients with a history of nephrectomy is very important for anesthesiologists. It is important for the anesthesiologist to preserve the ipsilateral kidney function and minimize deleterious effects. This study was performed to compare anesthetic agents on postoperative renal and hepatic function in patients who underwent nephrectomy. Methods: From 2008 to 2012, 116 patients who underwent nephrectomy in our hospital were evaluated through a retrospective study. Anesthesia was maintained with desflurane-remifentanil in the desflurane group (Group D), and propofol-remifentanil, using a target controlled infusion pump (Group T). In order to evaluate postoperative renal and hepatic function, blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (Cr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was measured preoperatively, postoperative day 1, 3 and 7. Results: When compared to preoperative measures, Cr and BUN levels were elevated on postoperative day 1, 3 and 7 while eGFR was decreased in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups. AST and ALT were also mildly elevated on postoperative day 1, 3 and 7 in both groups. There was also no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Anesthesia with desflurane-remifentanil or propofolremifentanil alter postoperative renal and hepatic function with no significant difference between groups. Both desflurane and propofol may be chosen for general anesthesia undergoing nephrectomy patients.
Clinical Experiences on the Effect of Scrambler Therapy for Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia
고영권,이호영,이왕용 대한통증학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.26 No.1
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating complication of herpes zoster, especially in elderly and comorbid patients. Unfortunately, the currently available treatments have shown limited efficacy and some adverse events that are poorly tolerated in elderly patients. Scrambler Therapy, proposed as an alternative treatment for chronic neuropathic pain recently, is a noninvasive approach to relieve pain by changing pain perception at the brain level. Here, we report our clinical experiences on the effect of Scrambler Therapy for three patients with PHN refractory to conventional treatment.
클록 보정회로를 가진 1V 1.6-GS/s 6-bit Flash ADC
김상훈,홍상근,이한열,박원기,이왕용,이성철,장영찬,Kim, Sang-Hun,Hong, Sang-Geun,Lee, Han-Yeol,Park, Won-Ki,Lee, Wang-Yong,Lee, Sung-Chul,Jang, Young-Chan 한국정보통신학회 2012 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.16 No.9
A 1V 1.6-GS/s 6-bit flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a clock calibration circuit is proposed. A single track/hold circuit with a bootstrapped analog switch is used as an input stage with a supply voltage of 1V for the high speed operation. Two preamplifier-arrays and each comparator composed of two-stage are implemented for the reduction of analog noises and high speed operation. The clock calibration circuit in the proposed flash ADC improves the dynamic performance of the entire flash ADC by optimizing the duty cycle and phase of the clock. It adjusts the reset and evaluation time of the clock for the comparator by controlling the duty cycle of the clock. The proposed 1.6-GS/s 6-bit flash ADC is fabricated in a 1V 90nm 1-poly 9-metal CMOS process. The measured SNDR is 32.8 dB for a 800 MHz analog input signal. The measured DNL and INL are +0.38/-0.37 LSB, +0.64/-0.64 LSB, respectively. The power consumption and chip area are $800{\times}500{\mu}m2$ and 193.02mW. 클록 보정회로를 가진 1V 1.6-GS/s 6-비트 flash 아날로그-디지털 변환기 (ADC: analog-to-digital converter)가 제안된다. 1V의 저전압에서 고속 동작의 입력단을 위해 bootstrapped 아날로그 스위치를 사용하는 단일 track/hold 회로가 사용되며, 아날로그 노이즈의 감소와 고속의 동작을 위해 평균화 기법이 적용된 두 단의 프리앰프와 두 단의 비교기가 이용된다. 제안하는 flash ADC는 클록 보정회로에 의해 클록 duty cycle과 phase를 최적화함으로 flash ADC의 동적특성을 개선한다. 클록 보정 회로는 비교기를 위한 클록의 duty cycle을 제어하여 evaluation과 reset 시간을 최적화한다. 제안된 1.6-GS/s 6-비트 flash ADC는 1V 90nm의 1-poly 9-metal CMOS 공정에서 제작되었다. Nyquist sampling rate인 800 MHz의 아날로그 입력신호에 대해 측정된 SNDR은 32.8 dB이며, DNL과 INL은 각각 +0.38/-0.37 LSB, +0.64/-0.64 LSB이다. 구현된 flash ADC의 면적과 전력소모는 각각 $800{\times}500{\mu}m2$와 193.02 mW 이다.
위상 샘플링 방식 DRFM 적용 대역폭 제어 잡음 재밍 기법 개발
홍상근(Sang-Geun Hong),이왕용(Wang-Yong Lee),류정호(Jeong-Ho Ryu),신욱현(Wook-Hyen Shin) 한국전자파학회 2011 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.22 No.8
현대 전쟁에서는 직접 적을 타격하여 파괴하는 것뿐만 아니라 적의 전투 능력을 무력화하는 재밍의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 잡음 재밍은 전자전 재밍 기법의 기본이 되는 기법으로 재밍하고자 하는 장비의 수신기 특성에 영향을 적게 받으며, 거의 모든 수신 장치를 교란할 수 있는 방식이다. 잡음 재밍의 경우, 출력 대비 효율을 높이기 위해 적 수신기의 대역폭과 잡음의 대역폭을 일치시킬 필요가 있으며, 다수의 서로 다른 레이더 표적을 시분할하여 재밍하기 위해 고속으로 잡음 대역폭을 가변할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 위상 샘플링 방식으로 운용되는 DRFM에 적용할 수 있는 실시간으로 잡음 대역폭 제어가 가능한 재밍 기법을 시뮬레이션을 통해 개발하여 제안한다. In modern warfare, jamming for neutralizing the enemy electronic equipments is as important as destroying them by common weapon systems. Noise jamming is a base technique of EA(Electronic Attack) and it is one of the effective jamming techniques. Noise jamming is effective regardless of enemy electronic equipment receiver types. For increasing jamming efficiency using the same output power, noise jamming bandwidth has to be similar to target receiver’s bandwidth. Radar jamming source like DRFM(Digital Radio Frequency Memory) requires noise bandwidth changing immediately for time sharing multiple jamming. In this paper, we developed bandwidth changable noise jamming signal for phase sampling type DRFM and do simulation using Matlab for showing the jamming signal output.