Japanese Political Interviews: The Integration of Conversation Analysis and Facial Expression Analysis

Ken Kinoshita 충남대학교 아시아여론연구소 2020 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.8 No.3

This paper considers Japanese political interviews to integrate conversation and facial expression analysis. The behaviors of political leaders will be disclosed by analyzing questions and responses by using the turn-taking system in conversation analysis. Additionally, audiences who cannot understand verbal expressions alone will understand the psychology of political leaders by analyzing their facial expressions. Integral analyses promote understanding of the types of facial and verbal expressions of politicians and their effect on public opinion. Politicians have unique techniques to convince people. If people do not know these techniques and ways of various expressions, they will become confused, and politics may fall into populism as a result. To avoid this, a complete understanding of verbal and non-verbal behaviors is needed. This paper presents two analyses. The first analysis is a qualitative analysis that deals with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe and shows that differences between words and happy facial expressions occur. That result indicates that Abe expresses disgusted facial expressions when faced with the same question from an interviewer. The second is a quantitative multiple regression analysis where the dependent variables are six facial expressions: happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, and disgusted. The independent variable is when politicians have a threat to face. Political interviews that directly inform audiences are used as a tool by politicians. Those interviews play an important role in modeling public opinion. The audience watches political interviews, and these mold support to the party. Watching political interviews contributes to the decision to support the political party when they vote in a coming election.

Grammatical Competency or Pragmatic Competency : An Examination of the Language Features Related to Proficiency Scores in Oral Interviews

Hye Kyeng Kim 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2016 영어교육연구 Vol.28 No.3

The present study aimed to examine the impacts of two measures of language competency, grammatical and pragmatic competency, on proficiency scores in oral interviews. The participants of this study were 23 university students from South Korea and China. For the data collection, a semi-structured oral interview was administered to evaluate their oral English proficiency, and each student’s recorded interviews were evaluated again in terms of grammatical competency and pragmatic competency respectively, based on the provided rubrics. Further, another set of semi-structured interview was conducted to investigate what the test administrators considered to constitute the main features of oral proficiency. These scores were then subjected to a Pearson correlation to identify any relationship between proficiency scores and grammatical competency scores, as well as between proficiency scores and pragmatic competency scores. The results of this study illustrated that both grammatical and pragmatic competency scores showed high correlations with oral proficiency scores. However, pragmatic competency showed a higher correlation than grammatical competency, and a medium effect size was found between two correlation values. The findings of this study imply the importance of pragmatic competency in communication and necessity of instruction targeted at to enhancing students’ pragmatic competency in second language (L2) teaching.

Grammatical competency or pragmatic competency: An examination of the language features related to proficiency scores in oral interviews

김혜경,Robert Kerr 팬코리아영어교육학회 2016 영어교육연구 Vol.28 No.3

The present study aimed to examine the impacts of two measures of language competency,grammatical and pragmatic competency, on proficiency scores in oral interviews. Theparticipants of this study were 23 university students from South Korea and China. For thedata collection, a semi-structured oral interview was administered to evaluate their oralEnglish proficiency, and each student’s recorded interviews were evaluated again in terms ofgrammatical competency and pragmatic competency respectively, based on the providedrubrics. Further, another set of semi-structured interview was conducted to investigate whatthe test administrators considered to constitute the main features of oral proficiency. Thesescores were then subjected to a Pearson correlation to identify any relationship betweenproficiency scores and grammatical competency scores, as well as between proficiency scoresand pragmatic competency scores. The results of this study illustrated that both grammaticaland pragmatic competency scores showed high correlations with oral proficiency scores. However, pragmatic competency showed a higher correlation than grammatical competency,and a medium effect size was found between two correlation values. The findings of thisstudy imply the importance of pragmatic competency in communication and necessity ofinstruction targeted at to enhancing students’ pragmatic competency in second language (L2)teaching.

Effects of BATHE Interview Protocol on Patient Satisfaction

김지현,박윤나,박일환,정유석,최은영 대한가정의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.33 No.6

Background: BATHE, the acronym for background, affect, trouble, handling, and empathy, is an interview approach that can be applied in the out-patient setting whereby questions belonging to each of the 5 categories are asked in the above order. As we have been taught to believe that BATHE raises the level of patient satisfaction and the quality of medical treatment overall, this study was designed to test the validity of the claim that applying BATHE heightens patient satisfaction. Methods: Each of the 5 doctors was assigned 10 patients (5 in the BATHE group and the other 5 in the control group) with each patient being randomly assigned to either of the groups. The control group was interviewed as usual and the BATHE group was interviewed using BATHE. Immediately after the interview, each patient anonymously filled out a patient satisfaction questionnaire. Whether the questions asked were appropriate for each category of the protocol was evaluated by the researcher through video clips taped during the interviews. Results: On 7 out of 10 items on the patient satisfaction questionnaire, the BATHE group was found to experience higher level of satisfaction than the control group in a statistically significant manner. The questions asked the BATHE group were confirmed to be more appropriate for each category of the protocol except empathy than those asked the control group. Conclusion: As applying the BATHE approach was found to achieve higher level of patient satisfaction, we recommend using it in the out-patient setting.

Investigating teachers’ work in Singapore from interviews: An analysis based on Discursive Psychology

Lee, Yew-Jin 서울대학교 교육연구소 2022 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.23 No.1

Numerous challenges associated with the work of teaching have been reported around the globe, including from Singapore. Being a multi-dimensional problem, teachers’ work has been investigated by diverse research methods especially through interviewing. However, educational studies that adopt constructionist approaches have been scarce in Singapore, and none have used it to investigate teachers’ work here. This study based on Discursive Psychology, thus, analyzes interview data from school teachers in Singapore talking about their work. Specifically, interviewing is taken as a “topic,” which prioritizes how talk is co-constructed, rhetorically motivated, and likely with contradictions over the disclosure of information (i.e., taking interviewing as “resource”); various discursive strategies perform diverse rhetorical functions for speakers. There are two interrelated contributions from this study: (i) an increased appreciation of a constructionist approach like Discursive Psychology during interviewing, and (ii) the opening of different perspectives and generative research questions about teachers’ work in Singapore.

A Qualitative Study on Perception of Virtual Reality-Based Oral Health Education Contents: Focus Group Interviews*

이경희,최윤영 융합연구학회 2023 융합연구학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the perceptions and intention to utilize of the virtual reality-based oral health education contents among the general public. The study participants were selected by using the non-probability sampling methods. A total of 15 participants were selected, including 5 young people, 5 middle-aged people, and 5 elderly people. The focus group interviews were conducted in December 2022 and February 2023, with two sessions for each group. Through the focus group interviews, four core categories and ten central topics were derived. The four core categories were derived from the focus group interviews, including experiences and perceptions, educational effects of content, considerations, and limitations of utilization, and the central themes were: experience of using VR-based content, feelings after using VR-based content, expectation of new educational effects, utilization of environmental factors, activation of education, consid erations needed, absence of content information, technical limitations, lack of content, and insufficient environment for educational operation. When developing and implementing virtual reality-based oral health education content, it is necessary to consider age-specific characteristics and come up with a way to complement the limitations of virtual real ity-based educational content.

College EFL Learners` Target Language Use in Simulated Job Interviews

Hye Kyung Ryoo 언어과학회 2014 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.69

The present study explores the ways in which Korean college EFL learners shape their talk in self-introductions in simulated job interviews. Drawing on both discourse and linguistic analysis of the data, this study examines EFL learners` self-introduction talk in their target language. Both the content and linguistic aspects of their language use were examined in detail based on the evaluations of the interviews by a professional interviewer. The results show that the majority of the interviewees were not chosen as probable candidates for employment by the evaluator. The data analysis identify several linguistic and discourse patterns exhibited by the participants that could have possibly contributed to the unsuccessful outcome of their self-introductions. The results of the data analysis indicate that the participating students were having difficulties in the aspects of in terms of both language and contents of their self-introductions. Detailed analysis focusing on the participants challenges and difficulties are presented with some implications for teaching practical job interview skills to college students.

The Researcher-Participant Role in Languaging: A Case Study of an Older Patient with Parkinson’s Disease

김태영,이혜선 한국영어학회 2014 영어학 Vol.14 No.3

From a Vygotskian sociocultural theory perspective, this study investigates the issue of the researcher- participant role by analyzing the discursive patterns of an older male participant with Parkinson’s disease. This population has typically been considered as having degenerative communicative patterns and regarded as a subfield of dementia or trauma studies, not a subfield of applied linguistics. The participant, Lawrence (pseudonym, age 62), was interviewed 11 times over a period of three months. Each interview focused on Lawrence’s life history by using photo albums and included languaging (a cognitively challenging form of verbalization) activities. The results indicate that 1) the interview topics that Lawrence perceived as meaningful had substantial effects on his verbal behavior and that 2) the dyadic interviewer-interviewee relationship became a flexible one, which enhanced Lawrence’s sense of agency. The results suggest that interviewers should use languaging activities considering the participant’s interest and negotiate the power relationship between the interviewer and the interviewee.

A Study on the Introduction and Use of ICT-EMS by Chungbuk Paramedics: Qualitative Research Using Semi-Structured Interviews: Semi-Structured Interviews for the Introduction of ICT-EMS

최선행,박세진,김유나,최은경,공소연,김상철 (사)위기관리이론과실천 2024 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.14 No.3

This study investigates the deployment and utilization of Information and Communication Technology-enabled Emergency Medical Services (ICT-EMS) in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea, with an emphasis on community-level intervention. This study analyzed the impact of this system on patient transfer efficiency and hospital selection processes using semi-structured interviews. Interviews with sixteen participants reveal strengths such as enhanced record-keeping and improved data accessibility, particularly beneficial during mass casualty incidents. However, technical issues, manpower shortages, and environmental challenges pose significant hurdles. Despite these challenges, ongoing enhancements aim to streamline the system and expand its coverage. The study provides valuable insights into the integration of technology in emergency response systems, emphasizing the need for continued improvements to optimize efficiency and effectiveness. Future research should explore broader evaluations and stakeholder perspectives to further enhance ICT-EMS implementation.

기록과 회상에 대한 애플리케이션 사용자 경험 비교분석 -구글 타임라인과 ‘일상’ (애플리케이션)을 중심으로-

고은성,김보연 한국디지털정책학회 2020 디지털융복합연구 Vol.18 No.11

Due to the development of digital technology, users can record their daily lives without being restricted by time and space. The trend is growing rapidly, but lifelogging cases are still insufficient. Google's Timeline and domestic application ‘Daily' were analyzed through in-depth interviews. Based on the Creating Pleasurable Interface Model, the factors influencing user satisfaction were identified by the Reckard 7-point scale based on the Honeycomb model. The results of the in-depth interviews and the 7-point scale were similar, and we could see what and why users preferred the recording application. This study is meaningful to evaluate the user experience for recording application and analyzing the needs of users obtained through in-depth interviews to assess the usability that provide a service record and recall. 디지털기술의 발전으로 사용자들이 시공간의 제약을 받지 않고서도 일상을 자동으로 기록 할 수 있게 되었다. 이러한 트렌드는 급속도로 증가하는 중이나 아직 라이프로깅에 대한 사용성 평가사례는 부족한 실정이다. 구글의 타임라인, 국내 기록 애플리케이션 ‘일상’ 두 가지의 사용성 평가를 심층 면접을 통해 분석하였다. 감성 인터페이스 모형을 토대로 사용자 만족에 영향을 미치는 요인을 허니콤의 6가지 요소를 바탕으로 리커드 7점 척도를 통해 확인하였다. 심층 면접과 7점 척도의 결과가 비슷하며 사용자들이 선호하는 기록 애플리케이션이 무엇이며 그 이유를 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 기록 애플리케이션에 대한 사용자 경험을 평가하고 심층 인터뷰를 통해 얻은 사용자들의 니즈를 분석하여 기록과 회상이라는 서비스를 제공하는 두 애플리케이션에 대한 사용성을 평가하는 데 의의가 있다.