교육정책 어그러짐 현상에 관한 분석 : 자율형공립고 정책사례를 중심으로

송경오 한국교육정치학회 2018 敎育政治學硏究 Vol.25 No.1

In order to understand how the gap between the goals and the results of initially intended educational policies arises, this study adopted the concept of policy slippage and applied it to the case of policy on autonomous public high schools. It was the participatory government that started implementation of the policy of open autonomous high schools. And the policy was succeeded by the Lee Myung-bak government, while the name of the high schools was changed to autonomous high schools. However, when the Park Geun-hye government took over the policy, it was considered as a failure. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that there occurred continuous and cumulative slippage of policies due to political interactions such as power struggles, rejection, mediation, and support among the Ministry of Education, the ruling party, the opposition party, educational organizations, civic groups, local governments, and the principals of autonomous high schools. There arose phenomena such as temporal slippage where the implementation of determined policies are delayed and content slippage where the initial intention and contents of the given policies are modified. These phenomena resulted from power imbalance among policy agents. That is, when the Ministry of Education exerts an excessive influence over the policy decisions or conversely, when stakeholder groups and political parties exert strong impact on them, the given policies were distorted or went awry. At this end of this study, it was suggested that a structural device which secures political rationality be established in order to minimize the loss resulting from policy slippage. 이 연구는 애초 의도했던 교육정책의 목표와 결과 간에 괴리현상이 어떻게 일어나는지를 이해하기 위해 정책 어그러짐(policy slippage)의 개념을 자율형공립고 정책사례에적용하여 분석한다. 2006년 참여정부에서 시작한 개방형자율고 정책은 이명박 정부에서 자율형공립고라는 명칭으로 변경되어 정책승계되었으나, 2014년 박근혜정부에 이르러 정책적 실패로 간주되었다. 분석결과, 자율형공립고 정책은 교육부, 여당 및 야당, 교원단체 및 시민단체, 그리고 지자체와 학교장들의 힘겨루기, 거부, 조정, 옹호 등과같은 정치적 상호작용과정에서 정책어그러짐이 참여정부 시기와 이명박정부 시기에 걸쳐 지속적이고 누적적으로 발생하였다. 결정된 정책내용이 실제 집행되기까지 시간이지연되는 일시적 어그러짐(temporal slippage)과 정부의 원래 정책의도와 내용이 변형되는 내용적 어그러짐(content slippage) 현상도 발견할 수 있었다. 이러한 현상은 정책행위자간 권력불균형에서 비롯되었는데 교육부가 지나치게 의사결정에 영향력이 강하거나 반대로 이해집단과 여당의 영향력이 강한 경우 정책결정과정이 비합리적으로 이루어지면서 정책이 변형되었다. 또한 정책집행과정에서 시범학교들은 자사고와 유사한수월성 모델의 공립학교로 변형시키는데 영향을 미쳤다. 이 연구는 교육정책 어그러짐에 따른 손실을 최소화하기 위해 정치적 합리성을 높일 수 있는 구조적 장치 마련을제언하였다.

Three-Year Experience of Pouch Dilatation and Slippage Management after Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

이운기,김성민 연세대학교의과대학 2014 Yonsei medical journal Vol.55 No.1

Purpose: Pouch dilatation and band slippage are the most common long-term complications after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). The aim of the study is to present our experience of diagnosis and management of these complications. Materials and Methods: The pars flaccida technique with anterior fixation of the fundus was routinely used. All band adjustments were performed under fluoroscopy. We analyzed the incidence, clinico-radiologic features, management, and revisional surgeries for treatment of these complications. We further presented the outcome of gastric plication techniques as a measure for prevention of these complications. Results: From March 2009 to March 2012, we performed LAGB on 126 morbidly obese patients. Among them, 14 patients (11.1%) were diagnosed as having these complications. Four patients (3.2%) had concentric pouch dilatations, which were corrected by band adjustment. Ten (7.9%) had eccentric pouch with band slippage. Among the ten patients, there were three cases of posterior slippage, which were corrected by reoperation, and seven cases of eccentric pouch dilatation with anterior slippage. Three were early anterior slippage, which was managed conservatively. Two were acute anterior slippage, one of whom underwent a revision. There were two cases of chronic anterior slippage, one of whom underwent a revision. The 27 patients who underwent gastric plication did not present with eccentric pouch with band slippage during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The incidence of pouch dilatation with/without band slippage was 11.1%. Management should be individualized according to clinico-radiologic patterns. Gastric plication below the band might prevent these complications.

Slippage Detection and Pose Recovery for Upward-Looking Camera-Based SLAM Using Optical Flow

Heewon Chae,Jae-Bok Song 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

This paper deals with slippage detection and pose recovery during the SLAM process of mobile robot navigation. Mobile robots do not have a successful solution to recover when localization fails due to slippage. Unexpected inputs such as wheel slippage lead to false prediction during the SLAM process. In this paper, minimizing the risk of localization failure is proposed by applying optical flow to the ceiling image sequences as a slippage detector. The optical flow-based motion estimation results are applied to the prediction step of EKF-SLAM. Using optical flow, we can calculate a homogenous 2D affine transformation matrix. From this matrix we can calculate the relative pose between the two frames. The reliable motion estimation from the vision sensor enables slip detection during the prediction phase of EKF SLAM. The proposed method was successfully verified by several experiments with deliberate slippage in real environments.

Evaluation of a Cloverleaf Screw Head to Minimize the Slippage of Medical Screws

전득수,고흥,김영철,전차수,이상철 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Slippage occurs when a screw cannot be driven because the user’s power or torque is not transmitted due to plastic deformation of the screw head socket or driver tip. In this study, we evaluated a new cloverleaf-shaped screw head to minimize the slippage of medical screws. L-clover and S-clover heads were selected as new candidates and compared with triangular, Torx®, and hexagonal screw heads. For each head, the polar moment of inertia was calculated, the stress distribution was analyzed using a finite element method, and torsion tests of physical specimens were performed to analyze their slippage characteristics. The hexagonal head, which is used most commonly in medical screws, had the lowest resistance to slippage. However, the L-clover head had the best features for minimizing the slippage of medical screws.

Recoverable Slippage Mechanism in Multilayer Graphene Leads to Repeatable Energy Dissipation

Wei, Xiaoding,Meng, Zhaoxu,Ruiz, Luis,Xia, Wenjie,Lee, Changgu,Kysar, Jeffrey W.,Hone, James C.,Keten, Sinan,Espinosa, Horacio D. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS NANO Vol.10 No.2

<P>Understanding the deformation mechanisms in multilayer graphene (MLG), an attractive material used in nanodevices as well as in the reinforcement of nanocomposites, is critical yet challenging due to difficulties in experimental characterization and the spatiotemp oral limitations of atomistic modeling. In this study, we combine nanomechanical experiments with coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations to elucidate the mechanisms of deformation and failure of MLG sheets. Elastic properties of graphene sheets with one to three layers are measured using film deflection tests. A nonlinear behavior in the force vs deflection curves for MLGs is observed in both experiments simulations: during loading/unloading cycles, MLGs dissipate energy through a 'recoverable slippage' mechanism. The CG-MD simulations further reveal an atomic level interlayer slippage process and suggest that the dissipated energy scales with film perimeter. Moreover, our study demonstrates that the finite shear strength between individual layers could explain the experimentally measured size dependent strength with thickness scaling in MLG sheets.</P>

수압파쇄 및 자연 균열의 수리역학적 동역학

신중호,박찬 한국자원공학회 2018 한국자원공학회지 Vol.55 No.4

This study analyzed the hydromechanical behaviors of hydraulic and natural fractures caused by fluid injection, such as fracture closing-reopening and the related pressure parameters, stress mechanism changes, slippage-dilation criterion of natural fracture, and complex fracture intersections. When hydraulic and natural fractures intersect, the conditions for crossing, slippage, and dilation depend on intersection angles between fracture and stress direction, differential stress, and mechanical properties such as cohesion and friction coefficient of the fractures. Micro-mechanical and quantitative assessment technologies should be further developed for the analyses of fluid-fracture dynamics and the induced seismicity-like phenomenon. 지하 암반 내 유체 주입에 의한 수압파쇄 균열과 자연 균열의 수리역학적 거동과 관련하여균열 개폐와 압력 변수 관계, 응력 메카니즘 변화, 자연 균열의 미끄러짐-팽창 기준, 복합균열 교차 전파 등의 관계를 분석하였다. 자연 균열면의 열림 상태에 따라 균열 거동과 관련한 압력 변수 및 응력해석해 적용의 유효성에 차이가 있었다. 수압파쇄 균열과 자연 균열의 교차시에 수압파쇄 균열의 자연 균열 관통, 자연 균열의 미끄러짐 또는 팽창 열림 등의기준은 두 균열의 교차각, 주응력 방향과의 교차각, 주응력의 차, 균열면의 역학적 특성인점착력과 마찰계수 등에 의해 좌우된 다. 이러한 유체-불연속면 동역학적 거동 및 때로 수반되는 지진동 같은 현상의 관계 규명에는 미시역학적이고 정량 적인 연구와 평가기법 개발이 있어야 한다.

볼트슬립을 고려한 WUF-B 접합부의 변수해석

김동백(Kim Dong-Baek),신경재(Shin Kyung-Jae) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.31 No.2(구조계)

Brittle failures unexpected were founded in steel moment connection when the Northridge earthquake occurred. In particular, beam flange of WUF-B was forced to carry out more load due to a bolt slippage. As results of that, a crack initiated at weld access hole and leads a connection to reach failure. This paper studied influences of three parameters affecting connection performance, i.e., consisting of access hole, beam attachment and panel zone strength ratio. The analysis result showed there are a significant stress concentration in the standard access hole. An welded beam-web connection improved ductility capacity than bolted connection. And as panel zone strength ratio is smaller, plastic deformation of connection becomes larger.

Application of Tactile Slippage Sensation Algorithm in Robot Hand Control System

Yussof, Hanafiah,Jaffar, Ahmed,Zahari, Nur Ismarrubie,Ohka, Masahiro Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems 2012 한국산업정보학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

This paper presents application of a new tactile slippage sensation algorithm in robot hand control system. The optical three-axis tactile sensor is a type of tactile sensor capable of defining normal and shear forces simultaneously. The tactile sensor is mounted on fingertip of robotic hand. Shear force distribution is used to define slippage sensation in the robot hand system. Based on tactile slippage analysis, a new control algorithm was proposed. To improve performance during object handling motions, analysis of slippage direction is conducted. The control algorithm is classified into two phases: grasp-move-release and grasp-twist motions. Detailed explanations of the control algorithm based on the existing robot arm control system are presented. The experiment is conducted using a bottle cap, and the results reveal good performance of the proposed control algorithm to accomplish the proposed object handling motions.

Application of Tactile Slippage Sensation Algorithm in Robot Hand Control System

Hanafiah Yussof,Ahmed Jaffar,Nur Ismarrubie Zahari,Masahiro Ohka 한국산업정보학회 2012 한국산업정보학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

This paper presents application of a new tactile slippage sensation algorithm in robot hand control system. The optical three-axis tactile sensor is a type of tactile sensor capable of defining normal and shear forces simultaneously. The tactile sensor is mounted on fingertip of robotic hand. Shear force distribution is used to define slippage sensation in the robot hand system. Based on tactile slippage analysis, a new control algorithm was proposed. To improve performance during object handling motions, analysis of slippage direction is conducted. The control algorithm is classified into two phases: grasp-move-release and grasp-twist motions. Detailed explanations of the control algorithm based on the existing robot arm control system are presented. The experiment is conducted using a bottle cap, and the results reveal good performance of the proposed control algorithm to accomplish the proposed object handling motions.

Quantitative Analysis of RNA Polymerase Slippages for Production of P3N-PIPO Trans-frame Fusion Proteins in Potyvirids

Choi Dongjin,Hahn Yoonsoo 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.10

Potyvirids, members of the family Potyviridae, produce the P3N-PIPO protein, which is crucial for the cell-to-cell transport of viral genomic RNAs. The production of P3N-PIPO requires an adenine (A) insertion caused by RNA polymerase slippage at a conserved GAA AAA A ( GA6) sequence preceding the PIPO open reading frame. Presently, the slippage rate of RNA polymerase has been estimated in only a few potyvirids, ranging from 0.8 to 2.1%. In this study, we analyzed publicly available plant RNA-seq data and identified 19 genome contigs from 13 distinct potyvirids. We further investigated the RNA polymerase slippage rates at the GA6 motif. Our analysis revealed that the frequency of the A insertion variant ranges from 0.53 to 4.07% in 11 potyviruses (genus Potyvirus). For the two macluraviruses (genus Macluravirus), the frequency of the A insertion variant was found to be 0.72% and 10.96% respectively. Notably, the estimated RNA polymerase slippage rates for 12 out of the 13 investigated potyvirids were reported for the first time in this study. Our findings underscore the value of plant RNA-seq data for quantitative analysis of potyvirid genome variants, specifically at the GA6 slippage site, and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the RNA polymerase slippage phenomenon in potyvirids.