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비판적 포스트 휴머니즘-근대적 인간 개념의 해체와 하이브리드적 주체성
윤지영 ( Jiyeong Yun ) 한국철학사상연구회 2015 시대와 철학 Vol.26 No.3
In the perspective of posthumanism which is different from that of transhumanism, I try to draw the conceptual path where the novel concept that is “metamorphoject” is developed in order to criticize the notion “subject” which is still anthropocentric and phallocentric. This article aims to explore the possibility that the metamorphoject which is a new form of subjectivity in the era of technology, could be an emergence of subjectivity focused on drive and jouissance. The metamorphoject that is a subject considered as vacuum, is capable of creating a metaphor that is not subjugated to the law of the Father. In other words, the metamorphoject is an invention of the new modality of signification that could be reduced neither to the human meaning nor to the meaning of inhuman. It would be an event upsetting the order of signification and that of the libido. Because the libido-conatus that is a power of being for the metamorphoject is an unheard strength to suspend the efficiency of the binary articulation that is essential to the phallic order. In this perspective, the sex with robot specialized in sexual acts would not be realization of thelibido-contatus. Given that sex with the robot still reproduces hierarchizing split between what penetrates and what is penetrated, man and woman, and that the sex robot endowed with vagina and with female gender, is only humanizing configuration that attempts to mimic the human being that is viewed as the idealized model. The sex with the female robot is limited to the achievement of pleasure focused on the genital area that promotes phallic jouissance, whereas the “connex” with the robot which is a monster that resembles nothing would be realization of the non phallic jouissance and the creation of the quite new spatio-temporality. The Connex with the robot is a revolutionary transversality by which the binary categories will be subverted.
( Tae Yun Park ),( Kyoung Hee Lee ),( Jiyeong Jeong ),( Chang Hoon Lee ),( Chul Gyu Yoo ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Cigarette smoke (CS) induces lung infiammation and simultaneously activates anti-oxidative pathway as a defense mechanism. Recently, we found that neutrophil elastase (NE) enhances cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced infiammation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the roles of NE on CSE-induced activation of anti-oxidative pathway and its regulatory mechanism in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Methods: BEAS-2B cells were used. Nrf2 activity assay using nuclear extracts was performed. The expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) or nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA was determined by real-time PCR. HO-1, Nrf2, DJ-1, or KEAP1 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blotting. Results: CSE activated Nrf2, a transcription factor, which regulates the expression of several antioxidants. CSE increased anti-oxidant, HO-1. Interestingly, NE suppressed CSE-induced expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein. Therefore, we first evaluated the effect of NE on Nrf2. Although NE did not affect the basal and inducible level of Nrf2 mRNA, it significantly decreased the expression of Nrf2 protein. Nrf2 protein stability has been reported to be regulated by DJ-1 and KEAP1. However, the expression level of DJ-1 and KEAP1 did not change in NE-treated cells. Nrf2 down-regulation by NE was not blocked by pre-treatment with proteasomal & lysosomal inhibitors (MG132, PS-341 & chloroquine, NH4Cl), pan-caspase inhibitor (zVAD-fmk), or ROS blocker (NAC). Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that NE accelerates CSE-induced damage in lung epithelial cells by blocking anti-oxidative pathway via down-regulation of Nrf2 at the post-translational step.
Hollow nanotubular toroidal polymer microrings
Lee, Jiyeong,Baek, Kangkyun,Kim, Myungjin,Yun, Gyeongwon,Ko, Young Ho,Lee, Nam-Suk,Hwang, Ilha,Kim, Jeehong,Natarajan, Ramalingam,Park, Chan Gyung,Sung, Wokyung,Kim, Kimoon Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature chemistry Vol.6 No.2
Despite the remarkable progress made in the self-assembly of nano- and microscale architectures with well-defined sizes and shapes, a self-organization-based synthesis of hollow toroids has, so far, proved to be elusive. Here, we report the synthesis of polymer microrings made from rectangular, flat and rigid-core monomers with anisotropically predisposed alkene groups, which are crosslinked with each other by dithiol linkers using thiol-ene photopolymerization. The resulting hollow toroidal structures are shape-persistent and mechanically robust in solution. In addition, their size can be tuned by controlling the initial monomer concentrations, an observation that is supported by a theoretical analysis. These hollow microrings can encapsulate guest molecules in the intratoroidal nanospace, and their peripheries can act as templates for circular arrays of metal nanoparticles.