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Floegel, Anna,Kim, Dae-Ok,Chung, Sang-Jin,Song, Won O.,Fernandez, Maria Luz,Bruno, Richard S.,Koo, Sung I.,Chun, Ock K. Informa Healthcare 2010 International journal of food sciences and nutriti Vol.61 No.6
<P>Estimation of total antioxidant intake is the first step to investigate the protective effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated disease. The present study was designed to develop an algorithm to estimate total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the US diet. TAC of individual antioxidants and 50 popular antioxidant-rich food items in the US diet were determined by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Theoretical TAC of foods was calculated as the sum of individual antioxidant capacities of compounds. The top 10 TAC food items in the US diet according to standard serving size were blueberry > plum > green tea > strawberry > green tea (decaffeinated) > red wine > grape juice > black tea > cherry > grape. Major contributors to TAC were the total phenolic content (<I>r</I> = 0.952, <I>P</I> < 0.001) and flavonoid content (<I>r</I> = 0.827, <I>P</I> < 0.001) of 50 foods. Theoretical TAC was positively correlated to experimental TAC of 50 foods determined by the ABTS assay (<I>r</I> = 0.833, <I>P</I> < 0.001) and the DPPH assay (<I>r</I> = 0.696, <I>P</I> < 0.001), and to TAC from the USDA database for the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (<I>r</I> = 0.484, <I>P</I> = 0.001, <I>n</I> = 44). The TAC database of the US diet has been established and validated. In future studies, TAC of the US diet can be linked to biomarkers of chronic disease.</P>
Two recessive intermediate Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth patients with <i>GDAP1</i> mutations
Chung, Ki W.,Hyun, Young S.,Lee, Hae J.,Jung, Hwa‐,Kyoung,Koo, Heasoo,Yoo, Jeong H.,Kim, Sang‐,Beom,Park, Chan I.,Kim, Han N.,Choi, Byung‐,Ok Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of the peripheral nervous system Vol.16 No.2
<P>Various phenotypes have been reported in Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease carrying mutations in the <I>ganglioside‐induced differentiation‐associated protein 1</I> (<I>GDAP1</I>) gene. Here, we report two recessive intermediate Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (RI‐CMT) patients with <I>GDAP1</I> missense mutations: a His256Arg homozygous mutation (c.767A>G + c.767A>G) and compound mutations of heterozygous Pro111His (c.332C>A) and Val219Gly (c.656T>G). The Pro111His and Val219Gly are unreported mutations, but the His256Arg was previously reported. In both patients, histopathological findings showed well‐documented features of mixed demyelinating and axonal neuropathies, and nerve conduction velocities fall in the intermediate range. In addition, the patterns of fatty substitutions in leg magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were different by the mutation sites within the same <I>GDAP1</I> gene.</P>
(+) - Catechin is a Potent Inhibitor of Intestinal Absorption of Cholesterol in Rats
Sang K. Noh,Sung I. Koo,Yongzhi Jiang 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.1
Catechins exhibit a hypocholesterolemic effect in cholesterol-fed animals. The present study was conducted to examine whether (+)-catechin influences the absorption of cholesterol in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum an AIN-93G diet containing soybean oil for 5 wk. Rats with lymph cannulae were infused at 3.0 mL/h for 8 h via a duodenal catheter with a lipid emulsion containing radiolabeled cholesterol with or without (+)-catechin. Lymph was collected hourly for 8 h. The enteral infusion of (+)-catechin significantly lowered the lymphatic absorption of (14)^C-cholesterol (21.1±3.6% dose/8 h) compared with controls infused with the lipid emulsion devoid of (+)-catechin (38.2±1.2% dose/8 h). The intestinal absorption of α-tocopherol (24.2±3.0% dose/8 h) also was significantly decreased by (+)-catechin infusion, relative to controls (32.2±2.2% dose/8 h). However, the lymphatic outputs of oleic acid, phospholipid were not affected by enteral (+)-catechin infusion. The results indicate that (+)-catechin has a profound inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, α-tocopherol without affecting the absorption of fat.
Effects of Egg Phospholipids on the Intestinal Absorption of Lipids
Sang K. Noh,Sung I. Koo 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.55 No.-
This study was conducted to determine the effects of egg phospholipids [(phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)] on intestinal absorption of cholesterol and other lipids. Each rat with lymph cannula was infused via a duodenal catheter at 3.0 mL/h for 8 h with a lipid emulsion containing triolein, cholesterol and PC in 24 mL PBS. The PC in the lipid emulsion was egg PC (EPC), hydrogenated egg PC (HPC), or soy PC (SPC). The EPC in the lipid emulsion markedly lowered the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol, compared with SPC and a lipid emulsion containing no PC. The HPC further lowered the absorption of cholesterol. The phospholipid output was not affected by the source of PC infused. The total lymphatic output of oleic acid (18:1), the major fatty acid infused in the form of triolein, did not differ among the NPC, SPC and EPC groups, but was significantly lower in the HPC group. The findings provide the first evidence that EPC markedly lowers the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol under in vivo conditions. The inhibitory effect of EPC appears to be due to the higher degree of saturation of its acyl groups relative to SPC, suggesting that the intestinal absorption of egg cholesterol may be reduced by the presence of PC in egg yolk. Experiment 2 was designed to determine whether egg SM, structurally similar to PC, also inhibits the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol. Egg SM lowered the lymphatic absorption of cholesterol in a dose dependent manner. Likewise, SM lowered the lymphatic absorption of oleic acid, whereas it had no effect on retinol absorption. SM at a high dose lowered the lymphatic outputs of both PC and SM, whereas there was no such effect at a lower dose. These results also indicate that luminal egg SM has an inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and other lipids of relatively high hydrophobicity.
( Sang Gil Lee ),( Taoran Wang ),( Terrence M. Vance ),( Patrice Hurbert ),( Dae-ok Kim ),( Sung I. Koo ),( Ock K. Chun ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
Although several analytical methods for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been applied to biological samples, there were often dissimilar results due to the different principles of methods applied. Thus, this study aimed to validate four conventional analytical methods for measuring plasma TAC, including the ABTS assay, DPPH assay, FRAP assay, and ORAC assay, by comparing with urinary 8-isoprostane concentration. In addition, TAC results were compared with antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocyte, and catalase in plasma. Plasma TAC measure by ABTS assay was strongly correlated with the result by FRAP assay. Plasma TAC by FRAP and ORAC assays were negatively correlated with erythrocyte SOD activity. The agreement among the four TAC assay methods and 8-isoprostane was determined using 95% prediction limits of linear regression, expressed as the mean of 8-isoprostane ± 95% prediction limits. The ABTS method better agreed with 8-isoprostane than the other methods, demonstrating narrow prediction of limits. Furthermore, only plasma TAC determined by the ABTS assay was inversely correlated with urinary 8-isoprostane (r = -0.35, p < 0.05). In summary, the ABTS assay would be an appropriate method to measure overall plasma antioxidant capacity and predict the body`s antioxidant status.
구성자,홍이진,윤혜경 한국조리과학회 1999 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.15 No.6
일반란, 천연란, 고센란. 청등오리알, 기러기알의 지질성분 및 지방산 조성 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 가식부 100g에 대한 지질 비율은 기러기알>고센란>청둥오리알>일반란>천연란 순으로 기러기알이 가장 높았고, 지질중 TG 비율은 일반란>고센란>천연란>청둥오리알>기러기알 순으로 일반란의 TG함량이 가장 높았다. Cholesterol함량은 난황 1g당 일반란이 14.14mg로 가장 높았고, 청둥오리알과 13.30mg으로 가장 낮았고, total lipid에 대한 cholesterol함량은 일반란이 4.5%로 가장 높았고, 청둥오리알과 기러기 알이 3.3%로 가장 낮았다. 방사구란과 비방사구란을 중성지질, 당지질 및 인지질의 함량을 측정한 결과 중성지질은 방사구란에 비해 비방사구란이 더 높았고, 당지질과 인지질의 경우에는 반대로 비방사구란보다 방사구란에서 더 높게 나타났다. 특수란의 경우 중성지질 함량은 청둥오리알보다 기러기알이 더 낮았고, 두 종류 모두 달걀류보다 더 낮은 값이였다. 또한 당지질과 인지질은 청둥오리알보다 기러기알에서의 함량이 더 높았고, 두 종류 모두 달걀류보다 높게 측정되었다 분획한 중성지질과 당지질, 인지질 모두 TLC에 의한 정성반응을 통해 성분 확인을 하였다. 필수 지방산 함량을 분석한 결과 linolenic acid 함량은 기러기알에서, linolenic acid 함량은 고센란에서 가장 높았다. Arachidonicacid와 EPA함량는 기러기알에서 가장 높게 나타났고,달걀류에서는 EPA값이 측정되지 않았다. DHA함량은 기러기알>천연란>일반란>고센란>청둥오리알 순으로 기러기알에서 가장 높게 나타났다. The lipid and fatty acid composition of various poultry eggs were examined after extracting yolk oils from the eggs of caged hen, open barn-reared hen, mallard, and muscovy duck. Total lipid content in 100 g of each edible portion was the highest in muscovy duck egg followed by open barn-reared hen, mallard, caged hen, and natural hen eggs. The triglyceride contents in the egg were in the order of caged hen, open barn-reared hen, natural hen, mallard, and muscovy duck. The cholesterol contents in total lipid were the highest in caged hen and muscovy duck eggs(4.5%), and the lowest in mallard(3.3%). Caged hen eggs had higher neutral lipid ratio among total lipid, but had lower ratio of glycolipid and phospholipid compared with those of the open barn-reared hens. For fatty acid composition, linoleic acid was the highest in the muscovy and linolenic acid was the highest in open barn-reared hen eggs. The contents of arachidonic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) were the highest in muscovy eggs. On the other hand, the content of Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) was the highest in muscovy duck eggs.