안면골 골절에 관한 임상적 연구

심지영,오수진,장창덕,김영수 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1994 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.16 No.1

This study was based on a series of 213 patients with facial bone fractures treated at college of Medicine, Dong-A university from Mar. 1990 to Jun. 1993. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The ratio of male to female was 8.3 : 1 and 3rd decade(34.3%) was the highest age group in incidence. 2. Monthly incidence was the highest in Jan. & Jun.(10.3%) 3. Onset time and daily incidence was the highest in pm. 9:00-12:00(21.4%), Sunday(18.8%). 4. Traffic acidents(38.5%) were the most frequent etiologic factor. 5. The most common site of fracture was zygoma & zygomatic arch(42.3%) and mandible (37.8%), maxilla (10.9%) and nasal bone(9.0%) were next in order of frequency. 6. In mandible fractures, the most frequent site was symphyseal area(43.0%) and IMF & open redction was major method of treatment. 7. In zygoma & zygomatic arch fractures, zygoma(62.0%) was the most common fracture site and open reduction was the most frequent treatment method. 8. In maxilla fractures, the major fracture type was Le Fort I type (72.4%) and treatment was done by IMF & open reduction primarily. 9. postoperative complications were mal-union, fibrous-union, infection, osteomyelitis etc.

학교체육과 지역사회체육의 연계실태와 실천방안

강전민,가경환,권창기,윤해철,손수범,변해심,신민철 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This study was formed the basis of propelling for being closely connecting between School PE(Physical Education) and Local Society Exercise for regarding the cooperation possibility depending on the actual situation. From this, it is helpful for evaluating the total understanding of the present condition form School PE and Local Society Exercise and grasping the realities concretely. To gain the above result, the subject of study is on 48 agencies among 50 agencies that include 30 elementary and middle schools, 15 government offices, 5 YMCA offices. After investigating the plan of providing physical activity program except result PE class and the connecting program with School PE and its activation, it comes to the conclusion below this. There is the period of possible time for propelling the cooperating model at School and Local Society PE which is special activity class after school, club activity class, discretional activity class and the vacation, weekends. And also there are many participating agencies that are school, local society, public sports center and community, the youth group, local autonomous entity PE post, prfessional physical association and community, city and countries Education Office and the sports-lover's group etc. So far, the connecting program is operated at 24 agencies which are 3 elementary school(30%), 5 middle school(50%), 4 high school(40%)m 7 government office(70%), 5 YMCA office(80%). As the reason of non-operating it, the first is the lack of the charger, spare time and considering teacher's advantage when time is arranged at the teacher and leader's part. The second is the falling behind facility and the lack of place and appliance for practicing. The third is the insufficient of connecting program at program part and increasingly number of students who are individual participating at the side of local society physical agency at school. The forth is the lack of finances for running at economy part and overpaying of using fee. The fifth is the lack of the activity time at the elementary school and putting first in importance the exam for university enterance at middle and high school. The sixth is the parents and principals and school committee have little understanding of the physical educating in common at recognition part. The seventh is the cooperating company's preparation is not enough and incomplete relation each other. Looking into the opinion for activating plan of connecting program which is classified into common contents, the result is presented the same reaction both of them that the professional leader arrangement is needed at teacher and leader's part. At the facility expansion and open program part is required for a various program. In the case of school at economy condition part, more cheaper than expenses for facilities is needed and also the renovation of the education system And at the recognition part, the positive attitude of school is needed. At the safety part, the solution of safety problem for responsibility is needed. At the administration part, the support for professional agency and the change of systemic role for connecting agency.

Spatiotemporal Saliency Detection for Video Sequences Based on Random Walk With Restart

Hansang Kim,Youngbae Kim,Jae-Young Sim,Chang-Su Kim IEEE 2015 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING - Vol.24 No.8

<P>A novel saliency detection algorithm for video sequences based on the random walk with restart (RWR) is proposed in this paper. We adopt RWR to detect spatially and temporally salient regions. More specifically, we first find a temporal saliency distribution using the features of motion distinctiveness, temporal consistency, and abrupt change. Among them, the motion distinctiveness is derived by comparing the motion profiles of image patches. Then, we employ the temporal saliency distribution as a restarting distribution of the random walker. In addition, we design the transition probability matrix for the walker using the spatial features of intensity, color, and compactness. Finally, we estimate the spatiotemporal saliency distribution by finding the steady-state distribution of the walker. The proposed algorithm detects foreground salient objects faithfully, while suppressing cluttered backgrounds effectively, by incorporating the spatial transition matrix and the temporal restarting distribution systematically. Experimental results on various video sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional saliency detection algorithms qualitatively and quantitatively.</P>

Spirometry and Bronchodilator Test

Sim, Yun Su,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Won-Yeon,Suh, Dong In,Oh, Yeon-Mok,Yoon, Jong-seo,Lee, Jin Hwa,Cho, Jae Hwa,Kwon, Cheol Seok,Chang, Jung Hyun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.2

Spirometry is a physiological test for assessing the functional aspect of the lungs using an objective indicator to measure the maximum amount of air that a patient can inhale and exhale. Acceptable spirometry testing needs to be conducted three times by an acceptable and reproducible method for determining forced vital capacity (FVC). Until the results of three tests meet the criteria of reproducibility, the test should be repeated up to eight times. Interpretation of spirometry should be clear, concise, and informative. Additionally, spirometry should guarantee optimal quality prior to the interpreting spirometry results. Our guideline adopts a fixed normal predictive value instead of the lower limit of normal as the reference value because fixed value is more convenient and also accepts FVC instead of vital capacity (VC) because measurement of VC using a spirometer is impossible. The bronchodilator test is a method for measuring the changes in lung capacity after inhaling a short-acting ${\beta}-agonist$ that dilates the airway. When an obstructive ventilatory defect is observed, this test helps to diagnose and evaluate asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by measuring reversibility with the use of an inhaled bronchodilator. A positive response to a bronchodilator is generally defined as an increase of ${\geq}12%$ and ${\geq}200mL$ as an absolute value compared with a baseline in either forced expiratory volume at 1 second or FVC.

Spirometry and Bronchodilator Test

( Yun Su Sim ),( Ji-hyun Lee ),( Won-yeon Lee ),( Dong In Suh ),( Yeon-mok Oh ),( Jong-seo Yoon ),( Jin Hwa Lee ),( Jae Hwa Cho ),( Cheol Seok Kwon ),( Jung Hyun Chang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.2

Spirometry is a physiological test for assessing the functional aspect of the lungs using an objective indicator to measure the maximum amount of air that a patient can inhale and exhale. Acceptable spirometry testing needs to be conducted three times by an acceptable and reproducible method for determining forced vital capacity (FVC). Until the results of three tests meet the criteria of reproducibility, the test should be repeated up to eight times. Interpretation of spirometry should be clear, concise, and informative. Additionally, spirometry should guarantee optimal quality prior to the interpreting spirometry results. Our guideline adopts a fixed normal predictive value instead of the lower limit of normal as the reference value because fixed value is more convenient and also accepts FVC instead of vital capacity (VC) because measurement of VC using a spirometer is impossible. The bronchodilator test is a method for measuring the changes in lung capacity after inhaling a short-acting b-agonist that dilates the airway. When an obstructive ventilatory defect is observed, this test helps to diagnose and evaluate asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by measuring reversibility with the use of an inhaled bronchodilator. A positive response to a bronchodilator is generally defined as an increase of ≥12% and ≥200 mL as an absolute value compared with a baseline in either forced expiratory volume at 1 second or FVC.

만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자에서 심장초음파를 이용한 심장 구조와 기능 평가

심윤수 ( Yun Su Sim ),이진화 ( Jin Hwa Lee ),류연주 ( Yon Ju Ryu ),천은미 ( Eun Mi Chun ),장중현 ( Jung Hyun Chang ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.74 No.2

목적: COPD 환자에서 우심실비대와 기능장애는 흔한 반면, 좌심실의 수축기능은 비교적 잘 보존되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근에 COPD 환자에서 좌심실이완기능장애가 흔하다는 보고가 있다. 저자들은 심장초음파를 이용하여 COPD 환자에서의 심장의 구조와 기능의 변화를 평가해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 심장질환을 진단받은 적이 없는 안정상태의 COPD 환자 69명과 정상폐활량을 가진 대조군 22명에서 심장초음파검사 결과를 비교하였고, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 기준에 따른 COPD의 중증도에 따라 심장의 구조와 기능에 변화가 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: COPD 환자가 대조군보다 몸무게가 유의하게 작았고(p=0.001), 흡연량이 많았다(p=0.002). 심장초음파검사결과 COPD 환자의 좌심실이완기말지름(p<0.001), 좌심실수축기말지름(p=0.020), 좌심방지름(p=0.026)과 좌심실질량이 대조군보다 유의하게 작았다(p=0.003). 그러나 좌심실의 이완기능을 나타내는 여러 지표와 평균 우심실수축기압은 COPD 환자와 대조군 사이에 차이가 없었다. COPD의 중증도에 따라 몸무게(p<0.001), 체질량지수(p<0.001)와 좌심실질량이 유의한 차이를 보였고(p=0.011), 좌심실질량과(r=0.432)(p<0.001) 체질량지수는 FEV1% 예측치와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.600)(p<0.001). 결론: COPD 환자와 대조군 사이에 심박출계수는 차이가 없음에도 불구하고, COPD 환자에서 좌심실질량, 좌심방지름, 좌심실이완기말지름, 좌심실수축기말지름은 대조군보다 유의하게 작았다. 특히, 좌심실질량은 폐기능이 감소할수록 감소하였다. Background/Aims: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and structural changes are rare, while right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and structural alteration and/or LV diastolic dysfunction are common. We evaluated the cardiac structure and function in patients with COPD using echocardiography. Methods: Echocardiography examinations were performed in 69 patients with clinically stable COPD and without a history of heart disease; 22 control subjects with normal lung function were enrolled for comparison. Echocardiography parameters of the COPD patients were compared with those of the controls, and assessed according to the COPD stage classified using the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. Results: Patients with COPD had significantly lower body weight (p=0.001) and higher pack-years of smoking than did the controls (p=0.002). The echocardiogram showed that LV end diastolic diameter (p<0.001), LV end systolic diameter (p=0.020), left atrial (LA) diameter (p=0.026), and LV mass in the COPD patients were significantly decreased compared to the controls (p=0.003). However, there were no differences between the COPD patients and controls in the parameters reflecting LV diastolic function and mean RV systolic pressure (RVSP). According to the COPD stage, body weight (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), and LV mass were significantly different (p=0.011). In patients with COPD, LV mass (r=0.432) (p<0.001) and BMI were significantly correlated with FEV1% predicted (r=0.600) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients with COPD had lower LV mass and LA and LV diameters than did the controls, even though both groups had normal LV function. In particular, the LV mass appeared to correlate with the lung function in the patients with COPD.

증례 : Cimetidine 주사제에 의한 혈관부종 1예

심윤수 ( Yun Su Sim ),류정화 ( Jung Hwa Ryu ),변건우 ( Kun Woo Byoun ),윤수진 ( Su Jin Yun ),박창한 ( Chang Han Park ),조영주 ( Young Joo Cho ) 대한내과학회 2006 대한내과학회지 Vol.71 No.1S

Effect of evaporation-induced osmotic changes in culture media in a dry-type incubator on clinical outcomes in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles

Chi, Hee-Jun,Park, Jun-Sang,Yoo, Chang-Seok,Kwak, Su-Jin,Son, Ho-Jeong,Kim, Seok-Gi,Sim, Chae-Hee,Lee, Kyeong-Ho,Koo, Deog-Bon The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2020 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.47 No.4

Objective: This study investigated whether adding outer-well medium to inhibit osmotic changes in culture media in a dry-type incubator improved the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. Methods: In culture dishes, the osmotic changes in media (20 µL)-covered oil with or without outer-well medium (humid or dry culture conditions, respectively) were compared after 3 days of incubation in a dry-type incubator. One-step (Origio) and G1/G2 (Vitrolife) media were used. Results: The osmotic changes in the dry culture condition (308 mOsm) were higher than in the humid culture conditions (285-290 mOsm) after 3 days of incubation. In day 3 IVF-ET cycles, although the pregnancy rate did not significantly differ between the dry (46.2%) and humid culture (51.0%) groups, the rates of abortion and ongoing pregnancy were significantly better in the humid culture group (1.5% and 49.5%, respectively) than in the dry culture group (8.3% and 37.8%, respectively, p<0.05). In day 5 IVF-ET cycles, the abortion rate was significantly lower in the humid culture group (2.2%) than in the dry culture group (25.0%, p<0.01), but no statistically significant difference was observed in the rates of clinical and ongoing pregnancy between the dry (50.0% and 25.0%, respectively) and humid culture groups (59.5% and 57.3%, respectively) because of the small number of cycles. Conclusion: Hyperosmotic changes in media occurred in a dry-type incubator by evaporation, although the medium was covered with oil. These osmotic changes were efficiently inhibited by supplementation of outer-well medium, which resulted in improved pregnancy outcomes.

Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine the Progression of Neglected Recalcitrant Rotator Cuff Tears: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Yon-Sik Yoo,Jin-Young Park,Chang-Hyuk Choi,Nam-Su Cho,Chul-Hyun Cho,Tae-Gang Lim,Sang-Don Sim,Tae-Yon Rhie,Ho Won Lee,Jong Ho Jung,Yong-Beom Lee 대한견주관절의학회 2017 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Background: To determine the natural progression of conservatively treated rotator cuff tears, we evaluated changes in radiologic and clinical parameters in patients whose recalcitrant tears were neglected after conservative treatment. Methods: A total of 73 patients with recalcitrant rotator cuff tears in spite of conservative treatment were included in this study. We measured changes in tear size and in the extent of fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff by comparing the initial and final follow-up magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs). To determine factors influencing the change in tear size, we collected the medical history of patients taken at the time of initial admission. Results: The average follow-up period was 20.1 months, and the average increase in tear size across this period was 6.2 mm. In terms of steroid injection, we found that the increases in tear size of the steroid injection group (p=0.049) and of the sub-group that had received more than three steroid injections (p=0.010) were significantly greater than that of the non-steroid injection group. Conclusions: We found that the increase in cuff tear size was on average 6.2 mm across the follow-up period, indicating that neglecting cuff tears may cause them to progress into more severe tears. We also observed that a history of steroid injection might be a possible risk factor for a worse prognosis of cuff tears. Therefore, we suggest that patients with rotator cuff tears and a history of steroid injection are recommended aggressive modes of treatment such as surgery.

Association of Bone Mineral Density with Airway Obstruction and Emphysema

Sim, Yun-Su,Lee, Jin-Hwa,Kim, Yoo-Kyung,Chang, Jung-Hyun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.3

Background: Airway obstruction and the extent of emphysema are reported to be responsible for reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Corresponding to different phenotypes of a pulmonary disease, different severity in extra pulmonary features may exist. We compared BMDs of subjects with or without airway obstruction and/or emphysema and investigated the relationships among BMD, the severity of airway obstruction, and the extent of emphysema. Methods: Using a university hospital database, we reviewed patients over 40 years old who performed spirometry, computed tomography of chest, and measurement of BMD of the lumbar (L) spine. According to the presence or absence of airway obstruction and/or emphysema, four groups were classified. Results: Among a total of 59 subjects, 33 (56%) had osteoporosis. The prevalence of osteoporosis in subjects with no airway obstruction and no emphysema, those with only emphysema, those with only airway obstruction, and those with both airway obstruction and emphysema were 42%, 57%, 64%, and 73%, respectively (p=0.047 by linear-by-linear association). The mean T-scores of BMD of L1 (p=0.032) and L1-4 spines were different among the four groups (p=0.034). Although the T-score of L1 BMD negatively correlated with the extent of emphysema (r=-0.275, p=0.035) and positively with each of body mass index (BMI) (r=0.520, p<0.001), forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) (r=0.330, p=0.011), $FEV_1$/forced vital capacity (r=0.409, p=0.001), and forced expiratory flow at 25~75% of FVC ($FEF_{25-75%}$) (r=0.438, p=0.0001), respectively, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that BMI (p<0.001) and $FEF_{25-75%}$ were predictive of BMD (p=0.012). Conclusion: Low BMI and airway obstruction were strongly associated with reduced bone density rather than the extent of emphysema.