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APPLYING MARKETING TO WILDLIFE CONSERVATION: A NEW APPROACH
Patricia David,Sharyn Rundle-Thiele,Bo Pang,Kathy Knox,Joy Parkinson,Felix Hussenoeder 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07
Koala populations are in decline and measures are necessary to change the current scenario. Social marketing aims to influence an audience to change behaviour for social or environmental benefit. This paper demonstrates how social marketing was applied to achieve environmental change. A pilot program, aiming to reduce dog and koala interactions, was designed and developed with dog owners and experts including koala conservation officers and dog trainers. Experts indicated that for dogs to be taught aversion, training of basic obedience skills was necessary. Therefore, a four-week dog obedience training program was implemented, emphasising a series of behaviours including sit, stay and koala aversion. A mixed method outcome evaluation was undertaken to evaluate Leave It. The evaluation included online surveys completed by dog owners’ pre and post program, and trainer observations. Results indicate that five of seven behaviours measures were changed from baseline to follow-up, namely sit, stay, come back when called every time, wildlife aversion and stay quiet on command. Successful koala aversion was also evident in field notes from trainers. Findings of this pilot program provide evidence of the effectiveness and potential of social marketing to change behaviours in an environmental context.
Patricia L. Carlisle,Teja Guda,David T. Silliman,Wen Lien,Robert G. Hale,Pamela R. Brown Baer 대한구강악안면외과학회 2016 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Objectives: To validate a critical-size mandibular bone defect model in miniature pigs. Materials and Methods: Bilateral notch defects were produced in the mandible of dentally mature miniature pigs. The right mandibular defect remained untreated while the left defect received an autograft. Bone healing was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) at 4 and 16 weeks, and by micro-CT and non-decalcified histology at 16 weeks. Results: In both the untreated and autograft treated groups, mineralized tissue volume was reduced significantly at 4 weeks post-surgery, but was comparable to the pre-surgery levels after 16 weeks. After 16 weeks, CT analysis indicated that significantly greater bone was regenerated in the autograft treated defect than in the untreated defect (P=0.013). Regardless of the treatment, the cortical bone was superior to the defect remodeled over 16 weeks to compensate for the notch defect. Conclusion: The presence of considerable bone healing in both treated and untreated groups suggests that this model is inadequate as a critical-size defect. Despite healing and adaptation, the original bone geometry and quality of the pre-injured mandible was not obtained. On the other hand, this model is justified for evaluating accelerated healing and mitigating the bone remodeling response, which are both important considerations for dental implant restorations.
Sylla, Patricia,Sohn, Dae Kyung,Cizginer, Sevdenur,Konuk, Yusuf,Turner, Brian G,Gee, Denise W,Willingham, Field F,Hsu, Maylee,Mino-Kenudson, Mari,Brugge, William R,Rattner, David W Springer International 2010 Surgical endoscopy Vol.24 No.8
<P>The feasibility of transanal rectosigmoid resection with transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) was previously demonstrated in a swine nonsurvival model in which transgastric endoscopic assistance also was shown to extend the length of colon mobilized transanally.</P>
Edwin David Morales-Álvarez,Claudia Marcela Rivera-Hoyos,Angélica María Baena-Moncada,Patricia Landázuri,Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales,Homero Sáenz-Suárez,Luis A. Barrera,Olga Y. Echeverri-Peña 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.2
The sulfatase family involves a group of enzymes with a large degree of similarity. Until now, sixteen human sulfatases have been identified, most of them found in lysosomes. Human deficiency of sulfatases generates various genetic disorders characterized by abnormal accumulation of sulfated intermediate compounds. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II is characterized by the deficiency of iduronate 2-sulfate sulfatase (IDS), causing the lysosomal accumulation of heparan and dermatan sulfates. Currently, there are several cases of genetic diseases treated with enzyme replacement therapy, which have generated a great interest in the development of systems for recombinant protein expression. In this work we expressed the human recombinant IDS-Like enzyme (hrIDS-Like) in Escherichia coli DH5α. The enzyme concentration revealed by ELISA varied from 78.13 to 94.35 ng/ml and the specific activity varied from 34.20 to 25.97 nmol/h/mg. Western blotting done after affinity chromatography purification showed a single band of approximately 40 kDa, which was recognized by an IgY polyclonal antibody that was developed against the specific peptide of the native protein. Our 100 ml-shake-flask assays allowed us to improve the enzyme activity seven fold,compared to the E. coli JM109/pUC13-hrIDS-Like system. Additionally, the results obtained in the present study were equal to those obtained with the Pichia pastoris GS1115/pPIC-9-hrIDS-Like system (3 L bioreactor scale). The system used in this work (E. coli DH5α/pGEX-3X-hrIDS-Like)emerges as a strategy for improving protein expression and purification, aimed at recombinant protein chemical characterization,future laboratory assays for enzyme replacement therapy, and as new evidence of active putative sulfatase production in E. coli.
Use of Polymeric Compatibilizers in Polypropylene/Calcium Carbonate Composites
Tucker, J . David,Lear, Patricia L .,Atkinson, Gregory S .,Lee, Sung Gyu,Lee, Seung Jong 한국화학공학회 2000 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.17 No.5
The effects of compatibilizing agents on the mechanical properties, viscoelastic properties, and morphology of polypropylene filled with calcium carbonate composites are investigated. It is found that the use of PP-g-MA and PP-g-AA significantly increases the tensile strength and improves particle dispersion and interfacial adhesion. The higher effect of compatibilization is obtained by using PP-g-MA as a compatibilizer. The results on the dynamic thermomechanical properties, viscoelastic properties, and SEM pictures also support the improved interfacial characteristics. It is also found that there exists a limiting amount of PP-g-MA at about 5% beyond which a further increase in the tensile strength is not obtained. The use of untreated calcium carbonate or SEBS-g-MA does not allow films to be drawn for the purpose of testing.
Antimutagenic Activity of Berry Extracts
Lyndon L. Larcom,Patricia L. Tate,George Huang,James B. Magee,Kumudini M. Meepagala,David E. Wedge,S. Hope Smith 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Journal of medicinal food Vol.7 No.4
Plants are proven sources of useful anti-tumor and chemopreventative compounds. Hence, identification ofphytochemicals useful in dietary prevention and intervention of cancer is of paramount importance. The initial step in the for-mation of cancer is damage to the genome of a somatic cell producing a mutation in an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene.Fresh juices and organic solvent extracts from the fruits of strawberry, blueberry, and raspberry were evaluated for their abil-ity to inhibit the production of mutations by the direct-acting mutagen methyl methanesulfonate and the metabolically acti-vated carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene. Juice from strawberry, blueberry, and raspberry fruit significantly inhibited mutagenesiscaused by both carcinogens. Ethanol extracts from freeze-dried fruits of strawberry cultivars (Sweet Charlie and Carlsbad)and blueberry cultivars (Tifblue and Premier) were also tested. Of these, the hydrolyzable tannin-containing fraction fromSweet Charlie strawberries was most effective at inhibiting mutations.
( Jang Heub Kim ),( David T Maclaughlin ),( Patricia K Donahoe ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.57 No.5
Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS), also called anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), is a member of the transforming growth factor-β super-family of growth and differentiation response modifiers. It is produced in immature Sertoli cells in male embryos and binds to MIS/AMH receptors in primordial Mullerian ducts to cause regression of female reproductive structures that are the precursors to the fallopian tubes, the surface epithelium of the ovaries, the uterus, the cervix, and the upper third of the vagina. Because most gynecologic tumors originate from Mullerian ductderived tissues, and since MIS/AMH causes regression of the Mullerian duct in male embryos, it is expected to inhibit the growth of gynecologic tumors. Purified recombinant human MIS/AMH causes growth inhibition of epithelial ovarian cancer cells and cell lines in vitro and in vitro via MIS receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore, several lines of evidence suggest that MIS/AMH inhibits proliferation in tissues and cell lines of other MIS/AMH receptor-expressing gynecologic tumors such as cervical, endometrial, breast, and in endometriosis as well. These findings indicate that bioactive MIS/AMH recombinant protein should be tested in patients against tumors expressing the MIS/AMH receptor complex, perhaps beginning with ovarian cancer because it has the worst prognosis. The molecular tools to identify MIS/AMH receptor expressing ovarian and other cancers are in place, thus, it is possible to select patients for treatment. An MIS/AMH ELISA exists to follow administered doses of MIS/AMH, as well. Clinical trials await the production of sufficient supplies of qualified recombinant human MIS/AMH for this purpose.