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소화기; 조기위암에서 내시경점막하박리술 후 국소 재발의 위험인자
김정호 ( Jung Ho Kim ),이정현 ( Jung Hyun Lee ),정준원 ( Jun Won Chung ),안정석 ( Jung Suk An ),원인식 ( In Sik Won ),이지원 ( Ji Won Lee ),하민수 ( Min Su Ha ),김주승 ( Ju Seung Kim ),안홍대 ( Hong Dae Ahn ),박재찬 ( Jae Chan Par 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회지 Vol.85 No.3
목적: 내시경 점막하 박리술(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)은 림프절 전이가 없는 조기위암에서 널리 시행되고 있는 치료 방법이다. 하지만 국소 재발과 관련된 위험인자에 관한 연구는 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 조기위암에서 ESD 후국소 재발의 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2008년 2월부터 2011년 7월까지 가천대 길병원에서 조기위암으로 진단받고 ESD를 시행받은 214명의 환자, 222예의 병변을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. ESD 후 추가적인 치료를 시행한 경우와 동일 부위 조기위암재발로 ESD를 2차로 시행한 경우 그리고 12개월 이내의 추적관찰이 시행된 경우를 제외하여 총 150예가 연구에 포함되었다. 결과: 평균연령은 63.9 ± 9.8이었으며 74.3%가 남자였다. 일괄 절제율은 139/150 (92.7%)이고 완전 절제율은 131/150(87.3%)이었다. ESD 시행 부위에서 국소 재발은 5예(3.3%)에서 발생하였으며 평균 추적관찰기간은 24개월이었다. 다변량 분석에서 수평 절제면 양성[HR: 13.12 (1.19-145.10); p =0.036], 분할 절제[HR: 25.31 (1.24-517.57); p = 0.036], 그리고 맥관 침습[HR: 485.06 (2.30-102449.79); p = 0.024]이 국소 재발의 독립적인 위험인자로 확인되었다. 결론: 조기위암의 ESD 후 국소 재발의 독립적인 위험인자는 수평 절제면 양성, 분할 절제, 그리고 맥관 침습으로 확인되었다. 그러므로 이러한 위험인자를 갖고 있는 환자들에서는 국소 재발을 조기에 확인할 수 있는 주의 깊은 추적관찰이 필요하다. Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a widely accepted method of treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC) without lymph node metastasis. However, there have been few studies about factors associated with local recurrence. The aim of our study was to evaluate the risk factors for local recurrence in patients with EGC after ESD. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of patients who underwent ESD of EGC at Gachon University Gil Medical Center. From February 2008 to July 2011, ESD for EGC was performed in 222 cases involving 214 patients. Patients with additional treatment after ESD, patients with recurred EGC, and patients with endoscopic follow-up of < 12 months were excluded. After exclusions, a total of 150 cases were included. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.9 ± 9.8 years, and 74.3% were male. The en bloc resection rate was 139/150 (92.7%), and the complete resection rate was 131/150 (87.3%). Local recurrence at the ESD site was found in 5 cases (5/150, 3.3%) during a mean follow-up period of 24 months. In multivariate analysis, tumor involvement at the lateral resection margin [HR: 13.12 (1.19 - 145.10); p = 0.036], piecemeal resection [HR: 25.31 (1.24 - 517.57); p = 0.036], and lymphovascular invasion [HR: 485.06 (2.30 - 102449.79); p = 0.024] were associated with local recurrence after ESD. Conclusions: Local recurrence after ESD was significantly associated with involvement of the lateral resection margin, piecemeal resection, and lymphovascular invasion. Therefore, patients who have these risk factors should be followed up more carefully to detect local recurrence. (Korean J Med 2013;85:285-293)
Jun Hyung Lim,Chang Min Lee,Jin Hyun Par,Won Kim,Jinho Joo,Seung-Boo Jung,Young Hee Lee,Chan-Joong Kim IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.19 No.3
<P>Carbon nanotube (CNT) doped MgB<SUB>1.9</SUB> - 0.1 at% CNT bulk superconductors were fabricated using an in-situ technique to improve the critical current density (J<SUB>c</SUB>) in a high magnetic field. The effects of doping and the sintering temperature on the phase formation, microstructure, and critical properties were evaluated. Two types of the CNT were used as dopants: the conventional CNT (C<SUB>CNT</SUB>) with a mixture of large and small diameter (5 and 20 nm) and the small CNT (S<SUB>CNT</SUB>) with 5 nm diameters. For both CNT-doped samples, the a-axis lattice parameter decreased but its reduction was more significant at 900degC than at 800degC. The decrease in T<SUB>c</SUB> was consistent with the change in the a-axis lattice parameter, which is probably due to the effect of C substitution for the B sites in MgB<SUB>2</SUB>. The J<SUB>c</SUB> of the doped samples decreased more slowly with increasing magnetic field than that of the undoped samples. In addition, the S<SUB>CNT</SUB>-doped sample exhibited superior J<SUB>c</SUB>(B) behavior than the C<SUB>CNT</SUB>-doped sample. This was partly attributed to the higher doping level and the presence of finer CNTs, which acts as an effective pinning center.</P>
( Ae Rin Baek ),( Ji Min Lee ),( Hyun Jung Seo ),( Jong Sook Park ),( June Hyuk Lee ),( Sung Woo Park ),( An Soo Jang ),( Do Jin Kim ),( Eun Suk Koh ),( Soo Taek Uh ),( Yong Hoon Kim ),( Choon Sik Par 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.79 No.3
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the extracellular matrix. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be a possible source of fibroblasts/ myofibroblasts in IPF lungs. We have previously reported that apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) has anti-fibrotic activity in experimental lung fibrosis. In this study, we determine whether ApoA1 modulates TGF-β1.induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis and clarify its mechanism of action. Methods: The A549 alveolar epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1 with or without ApoA1. Morphological changes and expression of EMT-related markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin were evaluated. Expressions of Smad and non-Smad mediators and TGF-β1 receptor type 1 (TβRI) and type 2 (TβRII) were measured. The silica-induced lung fibrosis model was established using ApoA1 overexpressing transgenic mice. Results: TGF-β1.treated A549 cells were changed to the mesenchymal morphology with less E-cadherin and more N-cadherin expression. The addition of ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-β1.induced change of the EMT phenotype. ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-β1.induced increase in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3 as well as that of ERK and p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase mediators. In addition, ApoA1 reduced the TGF-β1.induced increase in TβRI and TβRII expression. In a mouse model of silica-induced lung fibrosis, ApoA1 overexpression reduced the silica-mediated effects, which were increased N-cadherin and decreased E-cadherin expression in the alveolar epithelium. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ApoA1 inhibits TGF-β1.induced EMT in experimental lung fibrosis.
( Ji Won Han ),( Jae Joon Jung ),( Min Suk Park ),( Seung Hun Hyun ),( Woo Jun Par ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.9
Global warming will have far-reaching effects on our ecosystem. However, its effects on Antarctic soils have been poorly explored. To assess the effects of warming on microbial abundance and community composition, we sampled Antarctic soils from the King George Island in the Antarctic Peninsula and incubated these soils at elevated temperatures of 5oC and 8oC for 14 days. The reduction in total organic carbon and increase in soil respiration were attributed to the increased proliferation of Bacteria, Fungi, and Archaea. Interestingly, bacterial ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes were predominant over archaeal amoA, unlike in many other environments reported previously. Phylogenetic analyses of bacterial and archaeal amoA communities via clone libraries revealed that the diversity of amoA genes in Antarctic ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotic communities were temperature-insensitive. Interestingly, our data also showed that the amoA of Antarctic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities differed from previously described amoA sequences of cultured isolates and clone library sequences, suggesting the presence of novel Antarctic-specific AOB communities. Denitrification-related genes were significantly reduced under warming conditions, whereas the abundance of amoA and nifH increased. Barcoded pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the major phyla in Antarctic soils and the effect of short-term warming on the bacterial community was not apparent.
정유미,박정민,채기준,이상호,나재훈,Jung Yumi,Par Jung-Min,Chae Kijoon,Lee Sang-Ho,Nah Jaehoon 한국정보처리학회 2004 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.11 No.6
멀티캐스트는 송신자가 많은 수신자들에게 동시에 데이터를 전송하므로 송신자의 자원을 절약하고 네트워크의 점유율을 낮춤으로 효율성을 제공하는 통신 기술이나 여러 수신자들이 같은 그룹 주소를 사용하므로 공격을 받을 위험이 크다. 따라서 멀티캐스트 스트림에 대한 인증 및 서명은 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 패킷을 전송한 송신자의 신원을 확인하고 데이터가 변조되지 않았음을 확인하는 소스 인증 방법으로 다중 체인 인증기범을 제안하였다. 제안한 기법은 부인 방지를 제공하고 여러 패킷에 대한 전자서명으로 인증함으로써 오버헤드론 줄이며 지연없이 이루어지므로 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스에 사용할 수 있다. Multicast communication is simultaneous transmission of data to multiple receivers and saves considerably sender resources and network bandwidth. It has high risk to attack using group address and inherent complexity of routing packets to a large group of receivers. It is therefore critical to provide source authentication, allowing a receiver to ensure that received data is authentic. In this paper, we propose the multiple chain authentication scheme for secure and efficient multicast stream. To evaluate the performance of our scheme, we compare our technique with two other previously proposed schemes using simulation results. Our scheme provides non-repudiation of origin, low overhead by amortizing the signature operation over multiple packets, and high packet loss resistance.
손진관 ( Son Jin Kwan ),공민재 ( Kong Min Jae ),박민정 ( Par K Min Jung ),임류갑 ( Lim Ryu Gab ),강태경 ( Kang Tae Gyoung ),김광호 ( Kim Kwang Ho ),김창현 ( Kim Chang Hyun ) 한국농촌계획학회 2021 농촌계획 Vol.27 No.2
Rural and agricultural landscapes are important forms of land use in maintaining biodiversity. In addition humans are provided with various public functions from ecosystems and agricultural ecosystems. But the creation of a facility horticultural complex can be a space that can undermine the public interest function of the agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the function of ecosystem services that land use changes affect biodiversity in Korea’s rice paddy fields. The area subject to the study was selected as the largest agricultural complex in Korea due to rice paddy fields and land use changes, and field agriculture was also carried out simultaneously. The survey was conducted only in the fields of vegetation, insects, amphibians, and birds, four areas of biodiversity that are believed to have a high impact on changes in land use in agricultural landscapes. The valuation of ecosystem services in four areas of biodiversity derived from this study was evaluated as non-market value. As a result of quantitative evaluation, about 25 species of vegetation were reduced due to changes in land use. The diversity of about 40 species of aquatic insects that inhabit rice paddies among insects has disappeared due to the creation of a horticultural complex. Birds and amphibian reptiles were also found to have decreased diversity and populations. This research is expected to be used in various ways to develop policies to enhance ecosystem service functions.
( Jeong Eun Song ),( Chang Hyeong Lee ),( Jae Seok Hwang ),( Woo Jin Chung ),( Byoung Kuk Jang ),( Heon Ju Lee ),( Jung Gil Park ),( Min Kyu Kang ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Won Young Tak ),( Soo Young Par 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, resulting in an ongoing pandemic. Limited data are available for liver function in patients with COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes in COVID-19 patients with liver enzyme abnormality. Methods: Clinical records and laboratory results were obtained from 874 patients (female, 566; male, 308; median age, 62 years) diagnosed of COVID-19 who were admitted to four tertiary hospitals in Daegu from February 20 to April 14, 2020 and followed up to April 30, 2020. Clinical features and treatment outcomes were compared between patients with elevated aminotransferase or not. Results: 362 of 874 (41.1%) COVID-19 patients had elevated aminotransferase. The median levels of ALT were 51 (37-79) U/L vs. 19 (14-24) U/L, respectively, AST were 44 (34-69) U/L vs. 20 (17-24) U/L, respectively in abnormal and normal aminotransferase groups. Males were more likely to have elevated liver enzymes when infected with COVID-19 (P<0.001) compared with normal aminotransferase group. No significant differences were found regarding to underlying liver diseases between two groups. The prevalence of initial symptoms was also similar in both groups except the COVID-19 patients with elevated liver enzymes had greater proportion of fever (52.2% vs. 39.9%, P=0.001) and dyspnea (34.3% vs. 19.6%, P<0.001). Liver enzyme abnormality was associated with disease severity (P<0.001) and bilateral involvement on chest radiographs (P<0.001). A significantly higher proportion of patients with elevated liver enzyme had received lopinavir/ritonavir (64.9% vs. 50.0%), hydroxychloroquine (63.0% vs. 48.4%) and antibiotics (87.6% vs. 70.1%). Patients with elevated liver enzyme had longer median hospital stays (22 days vs. 26 days, P=0.001) and higher mortality rate (12.4% vs. 2.9%, P<0.001) than patients with normal liver enzyme. Conclusions: Liver enzyme abnormality is common in COVID-19 patients. It is related to disease severity and poor treatment outcomes.