The complete mitochondrial genome of a threatened loach (Sinibotia reevesae) and its phylogeny

Yuan‑Chao Zou,Bi‑Wen Xie,Chuan‑Jie Qin,Yong‑Ming Wang,Deng‑Yue Yuan,Rui Li,Zheng‑Yong Wen 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.7

In present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Sinibotia reevesae was first sequenced using the next-generation sequencing technology and annotated using bioinformatic tools. The circular mitochondrial genome was 16,572 bp in length, and contained 13 proteincoding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 displacement loop locus. It presents a typical gene organization and order for completely sequenced cypriniformes mitogenomes. The control region could be divided into three parts included the extended termination associated sequence domain, the central conserved domain and the conserved sequence block. Interestingly, two stemloop domains were found in control region and OL region, respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid and nucleotide sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes with two different methods (Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis) both highly supported the close relationship of S. reevesae and Sinibotia superciliaris, which was in line with the previous classifications based on morphological and molecular studies. These data provide useful information for a better understanding of the mitogenomic diversities and evolution in fish as well as novel genetic markers for studying population genetics and species identification.

Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate Initiated by Hydrosilane in the Presence of Platinum Complex

Ming Yuan,Wenxian Zhu,Jiaxing Lv,Panpan Zhang,Huadong Tang 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.3

In this work, a series of hydrosilanes including phenylsilane, diphenylsilane, triethylsilane (TES), and tris(trimethylsilyl)silane combined with catalytical amount of platinum complex such as dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene) platinum (COD) and dichloro(dicyclopentadienyl)platinum have been used to initiate the polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) at 70-95 ℃. An ultrahigh molecular weight PVAc with number-average molecular weight (Mn) up to 1.17×10<SUP>6</SUP> Da and polydispersity index (PDI) of 2.59 has been synthesized using TES as an initiator in the presence of 9.7 ppm of COD. A kinetic study indicates that the polymerization at VAc/TES/COD molar ratio = 3.0×10<SUP>5</SUP> : 60 : 1 smoothly reached 81.0% conversion in 28.0 h at 85 ℃, producing PVAc with Mn increasing linearly from 1.41×105 to 6.01×10<SUP>5</SUP> Da with the increase of monomer conversion. A mechanistic investigation revealed that COD was firstly reduced by reductive TES, producing Pt nanoparticles and corresponding silane radicals to initiate the polymerization of VAc.

HMGB1 regulates autophagy through increasing transcriptional activities of JNK and ERK in human myeloid Leukemia cells

( Ming Yi Zhao ),( Ming Hua Yang ),( Liang Chun Yang ),( Yan Yu ),( Min Xie ),( Shan Zhu ),( Rui Kang ),( Dao Lin Tang ),( Zhi Gang Jiang ),( Wu Zhou Yuan ),( Xiu Shan Wu ),( Li Zhi Cao ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.9

HMGB1 is associated with human cancers and is an activator of autophagy which mediates chemotherapy resistance. We here show that the mRNA levels of HMGB1 are high in leukemia cells and it is involved in the progression of childhood chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). HMGB1 decreases the sensitivity of human myeloid leukemia cells K562 to anti-cancer drug induced death through up-regulating the autophagy pathway, which is confirmed by the observation with an increase in fusion of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes. When overexpressing HMGB1, both mRNA levels of Beclin-1, VSP34 and UVRAG which are key genes involved in mammalian autophagy and protein levels of p-Bcl-2 and LC3-II are increased. Luciferase assays document that over-expression of HMGB1 increases the transcriptional activity of JNK and ERK, which may be silenced by siRNA. The results suggest that HMGB1 regulates JNK and ERK required for autophagy, which provides a potential drug target for therapeutic interventions in childhood CML. [BMB reports 2011; 44(9): 601-606]

基督敎翻譯小說《第四博士》的敘事翻譯特點硏究

YUAN MING JUNG,오순방 한국중국소설학회 2016 中國小說論叢 Vol.48 No.-

Based on the legend of the Magi in the New Testament of Matthew, The Story of the Other Wise Man, written by Henry Van Dyke at the late nineteenth century, has been translated into multiple languages and has become one of world masterpieces. While being introduced to China in the early twentieth century, this religious novel was translated into different versions. This novel was translated into four different Chinese versions by different translators after its debut in 1903 in China. This paper analyzes the structure and intention to translate of different versions and examine the names as well as biographies of the translators. With the aid of the theory of narratology, this paper analyzes the narrative modes of Chinese translations. As a core element of The Story of the Other Wise Man, the notion of journey exemplifies a twofold allegorical reading: the pilgrimage is for the surface meaning, while the deeper significance implies the journey to God’s salvation. As for the narrative angles, four Chinese translations were written from objective perspectives but included verses from the Bible. This strategy shows that biblical teaching and plot are combined together. Through the polysystem theory, this paper uses the translation strategy of “domestication” and “foreignization,” proposed by Laurence Venuti, to investigate the translation strategies of these four Chinese versions. At the early twentieth century, Chinese literature was still immature, translation literature was moved from periphery to center. Then, these four Chinese translations all adopted the translation strategy of domestication. The translation of western novels was a big influence to the literary environment of the late Qing Dynasty. At the beginning, western translators almost dominated the translation on speech right. With the mastery of English, more Chinese translators changed this unbalanced relation and controlled the reproduction of translated texts. The four Chinese translation versions represented this historical transformation. The first Chinese translation was published sixteen years earlier than the New Cultural Movement. The translation strategy of the narrative mode, though adopted to promote Christianity, have exerted power on the modern vernacular novel. Through juxtaposing The four Chinese translation versions within the evolution of the Chinese modern vernacular novel and the shift of right of discourse of translation, we can expose the cultural value The Chinese translation versions represents. 1895년 미국 프린스턴신학대학 교수 헨리 반 다이크(Henry Van Dyke, 1852-1933)는 《마태복음》에 나오는 三人의 東方博士 전설에 기초하여 기독교소설 The Story of the Other Wise Man을 창작하였다. 이 작품은 20세기 초에 이미 여러 가지 언어로 번역되어 널리 전파됨에 따라 세계적인 명작이 되었고, 중국에서는 청나라 말 1903년부터 1930년대까지 네 가지 이상의 中譯本이 발표 출간되었다. 본 논문은 모두 6장의 편폭으로 영문 원저의 작품 전모와 中譯本의 번역책략에 대해 고찰해 보았다. 제2장에서는 반 다이크의 영문 원저에 대해 조사 소개하였다. 제3장에서는 네 가지 다른 中譯本의 서술구조와 번역목적에 대해 분석하였고, 또한 역자들과 그들의 문학활동에 대해 살펴보았다. 본문은 서사학 이론으로 中譯本에서 사용한 서사방법을 분석하였다. “旅程”은 《第四博士》의 서사구조에서 핵심 포인트이다. 寓言文學의 서사구조 속에서 수난의 순례여행은 피상적인 것인데, 《第四博士》 중에서의“旅程”은 第四博士라는 주인공이 자신과 소유한 보물을 사용하여 他人을 救濟한다는 작품의 스토리를 통해 하나님에게 구원을 받는 과정을 형상화시킨 것이다. 서사적인 관점에서 네 가지 中譯本은 모두 객관적인 관점에서 번역되었다고 할 수 있으며 번역과정에서 《성경》 구절과 기독교 교리, 그리고 작품의 기독교적 주제를 상징적으로 잘 표현하고 있었다. 네 가지 중역본의 번역책략에 대해서는 로렌스 베누티(Laurence Venuti)의 번역이론을 가지고 분석을 진행하였다. 그 당시 중국의 문학시스템은 미 성숙기였으며, 번역문학은 변방에서 중심으로 이동하는 과정에 있었다. 이러한 상황에서 네 가지 버전의 중역본은 약속이나 한 듯이 모두 異化的 翻譯方式을 사용하였는데, 어떻게 異化的 번역책략을 구사하였는지 번역 사례를 중심으로 분석해 보았다. 淸末의 중국문학계에서 서양소설을 번역한다는 것은 매우 충격적이었다. 또한 번역 작품의 談論權은 초기에는 완전이 서양인이 장악하였다. 하지만 중국인의 외국어 수준이 향상됨에 따라 차츰 그 주도권을 가져오게 되었고 번역 작품의 선택 및 담론권을 주도하게 되었는데 이 과정의 구체적인 사례를 中譯本 《第四博士》에서 찾아보았다. 첫 번째 中譯本 《第四博士》의 번역과 출간은 1919년 신문화운동보다 16년이나 빠르다. 그리고 이 작품의 역자는 선교의 목적으로 번역작업을 진행하였지만 작중에 사용한 異化的 翻譯方式은 백화문 서사모델의 筆法, 現代 白話小說의 창작에 있어서 선도적인 역할을 하였다. 따라서 中譯本《第四博士》를 중국 近代白話小說의 進化 및 翻譯界 談論權의 移轉過程에서 본다면 그 가치와 시대적인 意義는 더욱 확연해진다고 하겠다.

Effect of Kai Xin San on Learning and Memory in a Rat Model of Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation

Yuan Hu,Ming Liu,Ping Liu,Juan-Juan Yan,Ming-Yue Liu,Gang-Qiang Zhang,Xiao-Jiang Zhou,Bing-Ying Yu 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.4

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of kai xin san (KXS, at doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg body weight per day), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, on learning and memory in paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD)-induced cognition deficit rats. Two behavior tests (the Open Field test and the Morris water maze task) were used for testing the effects of KXS on a PSD-induced learning and memory deficit model. Furthermore, its effect on the glutamic acid (GLU) and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) levels in the brain tissue, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated-CREB (p-CREB) expression in the hippocampus was also tested. KXS exerted the greatest cognition against the 48 h PSD-induced cognitive deficit and these effects may be mediated by decreasing the GLU and GABA levels and increasing the levels of BDNF, CREB, and p-CREB. This study indicates that the effect of KXS on learning and memory in a rat model of PSD could be associated with the modulation of neurotransmitter levels and the expression of some genes in the brain that contribute to memory functions.

Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine (Lianhuaqingwen) for treating COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ming Liu,Ya Gao,Yuan Yuan,Kelu Yang,Shuzhen Shi,Jinhui Tian,Junhua Zhang 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1

Background: Lianhuaqingwen (LH) has been proven effective for influenza. However, the promotion of LH for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 remains controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Lianhuaqingwen (LH) in treating patients with COVID-19 by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted the literature search using six electronic databases from December 1, 2019, to June 2, 2020. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of case control studies. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist was used to assess the quality of case series. All analyses were conducted by RevMan 5.3. For outcomes that could not be meta-analyzed were performed a descriptive analysis. Results: Eight studies with 924 patients were included. Three studies were RCTs, three were case control studies, and two were case series. The quality of the included studies was poor. Compared with patients treated by conventional treatment, patients treated by LH combined with conventional treatment have a higher overall effective rate (RR = 1.16, 95%CIs: 1.04∼1.30, P = 0.01) and CT recovery rate (RR=1.21, 95%CIs: 1.02∼1.43, P = 0.03). Patients of LH groups have a lower incidence of diarrhea (5.6% vs.13.4%), and have statistically significant (P = 0.026). But the rate of abnormal liver function in the combined medication group is higher than that in the single LH group. Conclusion: LH combined with conventional treatment seems to be more effective for patients with mild or ordinary COVID-19.

The Korean Issue from a Historical and Regional Perspective

Yuan Ming 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 1994 중소연구 Vol.18 No.4

Association Study of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of STAT2/STAT3/IFN-γ Genes in Cervical Cancer in Southern Chinese Han Women

Yuan, Yuan,Fan, Jie-Lin,Yao, Fang-Ling,Wang, Kang-Tao,Yu, Ying,Carlson, Jennifer,Li, Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Objective: Interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) each play an important role in carcinogenesis associated with viral infection. Cervical cancer is almost invariably associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), and previous studies suggested that dysregulation of the signal pathway involved in IFN-${\gamma}$ and STATs is associated. Our objective was to evaluate the association of SNPs in STAT2, STAT3, and IFN-${\gamma}$ with cervical cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han women in Hunan province. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of 234 cervical cancer patients and 216 healthy female controls. STAT2 and STAT3 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme (PCR-RE) analysis. IFN-${\gamma}$ genotyping was detected by PCR-amplification of specific allele (PASA). Results: For STAT2 rs2066807 polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.827) and allele frequencies (P=0.830, OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.51-2.31) between cases and controls. For STAT3 rs957970 polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.455) and allele frequencies (P=0.560, OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.71-1.20) between cases and controls. For IFN-${\gamma}$ +874A/T polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.652) and allele frequencies (P=0.527, OR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.79-1.59) between cases and controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that polymorphisms in STAT2, STAT3 and IFN-${\gamma}$ genes are not likely to be strong predictors of cervical cancer in Han women in southern China.

Controllability Issues of Discrete-time Linear Systems with a State Time-delay

Yuan-Ming Liu,I-Kong Fong 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

This paper deals with the controllability of discrete-time linear systems with a time-invariant delay in state. As an improvement to existing definitions, a new controllability definition, which implies stabilizability and the existence of feedback controller for eigenvalue assignment, is introduced first. Then a necessary and sufficient criterion is developed to check the controllability. With this criterion the controllability and stabilizability of systems with a state delay can be properly checked.

民初 아동문학가 당소포(唐小圃)의 생평 및 저술•번역 작품 고론

MING JUNG YUAN 한국중국학회 2019 중국학보 Vol.87 No.-

The term《童話》first appeared in the Commercial Press 'Fairy Tale'《童話》 series in 1909 edited by the pioneer of Chinese children's literature, Yuxiu Sun (孫毓修). Since then, together with the promotion and encouragement from Xun Lu (魯迅), Zuoren Zhou (周作人) and Yuanren Zhao (趙元任), an era of Chinese fairy tale translations began. Xiaopu Tang (唐小圃) (1879-?) was an active author of Chinese children’s literature during the May Fourth period. He translated and edited numerous works with Commercial Press after 1921 including "Jingyu Fairy Tales"《京語童話》, "Family Fairy Tales"《家庭童話》, "Women's Fairy Tales"《女子童話》 and "Russian Fairy Tales"《俄國童話集》, etc. His translation of Russian writings, the Literature Series for Children by Lee Tolstoy《托爾斯泰兒童文學類編》published in 1923, is the earliest Chinese version of written book introducing the work of Lee Tolstoy. This publication has ground-breaking impact on providing children with a good knowledge in Russian literature, and soon made him the successor of Sun Jixiu in children's literature. Xiaopu Tang was not only famous in literary works for children, he also translated a decent amount of short stories from the Meiji period in Japan and made comments at the end. Xiaopu Tang was very talented in both law and literature. However, few people are aware of his works in academic as time goes by. His single works are also dispersed in the journal《小說世界》and not collected for publication. Therefore, his contribution in Chinese literature is forgotten. In this study, we aim to bring back the value of Tang's works he deserves in the history of Chinese children’s literature. To do so, this paper starts with a brief introduction of his life. After that, we examined and analyzed his writing methodology and approach during the May Fourth period by collecting and reviewing his translation works for fables and novels from Russia and the Meiji period in Japan. We hope this study can help to recognize the life achievement of Xiaopu Tang, as well as his importance in the history of translation and children’s literature. 중국 아동 문학의 개산 조사인 손육수(孫毓修)는 1909년에 商務印書館에서《童話》총서를 편집했을 때 처음으로「童話」라는 어휘를 사용했다. 그 후 魯迅, 周作人 및 趙元任 등 문인들의 추진 아래 중국 동화를 번역하는 열풍이 일어났다. 唐小圃(1879-?)는 五·四 시기 아동 문학계에서 활약했고, 1918년 이후에도 商務印書館에서《京語童話》,《家庭童話》,《女子童話》및 《俄國童話集》……등 많은 아동 문학 작품을 잇달아 번안하고 출판했다. 특히 1923년에《托爾斯泰兒童文學類編》을 번역했는데, 이 작품은 현대에서 아동을 겨냥하고 白話文형식과 아동의 어조 및 필법으로 톨스토이 문학을 소개하는 첫 번째의 번역 작품이다. 唐小圃는 중국 아동이 러시아 문학을 깊이 있게 이해하는데 첫 번째 창작의 공을 세웠고, 아동 문학 분야에서 孫毓修의 후계자가 되었다. 아동 문학 작품을 번역하는 것으로 그 시대에 유명했던 唐小圃는 일본 메이지 시기의 단편 소설도 많이 번역했고, 또한 번역문의 뒤에 後記 형식으로 일본 메이지 소설 문학에 대해 비평을 했다. 民國시대에 唐小圃는 법학과 문학을 겸한 귀재였다. 그러나 시대의 흐름에 따라 그 身世는 학계에 알려지지 않고 있다. 번역한 단편 작품은 잡지《小說世界》에 드문드문 보여 찾아보기 힘들고 또한 책으로 출판되지 않기 때문에 학계에서 점차 잊히게 된다. 唐小圃를 전면적으로 이해하기 위해 본고는 그의 생애를 고증하고, 唐小圃가 창작한 작품과 러시아 및 일본 메이지 시대의 우화·소설을 번역한 작품들을 수집 정리한 후 唐小圃의 창작 및 번역 작품을 5·4 운동의 배경에서 분석해 볼 것이다. 본고는 唐小圃의 생애와 아동문학 및 번역문학사 시대를 배경으로 한 학술적 의미를 학계에 새롭게 인식시키기 바란다.