动词充当结果补语的语义限制

WEIWEI CHENG 한국중국어문학회 2024 中國文學 Vol.120 No.-

能够充当汉语动结式V2的动词有限,是一个封闭的类,与充当V2的形容词相比,动词充当V2受到更多的制约。目前对V2动词的研究主要集中在对动词情状类型,动词情状语义特征的分析上。但是由于没有区分动词和V2动词所代表的结果事件的情状特征而导致例外多,结论相互矛盾的现象。本文主张在分析情状语义特征时,区分结果事件“NP+V2了”和动词,对郭锐(1993)的动词按照“①能够带‘了’,②带了后表示状态延续、行为延续、动作完结,③能否充当V2”进行整理,并依次分析V2动词的语义限制。首先,充当V2的动词要具有可变性,其次,具有均质性的动词带了后才能表达状态延续或行为延续,具备成为动结式结果事件的必要条件。最后还需要满足动结式的语义要求:具有瞬间变化点。除此之后,动词能否充当V2还受到动结式因果关系语义距离等因素的影响。 Verbs that can function as V2 in Chinese resultative construction are limited and form a closed class. Unlike adjectives, verbs have more restrictions as V2. Research on V2 verbs mainly focuses on verb situation types and semantic features, but often fails to distinguish the situational features of verbs and V2(caused event), leading to exceptions and contradictions. This paper argues for distinguishing the caused event NP+V2了 from verbs when analyzing semantic features. In this paper verbs are categorized based on ① whether they can take "了", ② indicate continuation or completion when "了" is added, and ③ whether they can function as V2, then their semantic restrictions are analyzed. Verbs that function as V2 must be variable and homogeneous to express state or action continuation with "了", meeting the necessary conditions for caused events. They must also have an instantaneous change point. Additionally, causal semantics in resultative constructions influence whether a verb can function as V2.

形容词的动态性与现代汉语VA动结式的能产性

WEIWEI CHENG 한국중국언어학회 2024 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.110

In general, Chinese resultative constructions are widely believed to be highly productive. However, individual differences exist within these constructions, and not all result complements can freely form multiple constructions. Both dynamic adjectives and resultative constructions in Chinese can express the meaning of state change, both dynamic adjectives and regular adjectives can function as result complements within resultative constructions. This paper argues that the [dynamic] feature of adjectival result complements significantly influences the productivity of resultative constructions. This paper extensively examines and statistically analyzes occurrences of "VA了" resultative constructions in the BCC corpus from the perspective of adjectival result complements. The findings indicate that adjectival result complements with strong [dynamic] feature can combine more verbs, and impose fewer causativeness and semantic constraints in resultative constructions, thus showing higher productivity.

Influence of "Historical Effects" on the Rheological Properties of a Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer Solution

Yumin Cheng,Huibo Zhang,Shuangkun Zhang,Weiwei Liu,Jing Wang,Run Cheng,SeungKon Ryu,Riguang Jin 한국탄소학회 2013 Carbon Letters Vol.14 No.1

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymers of different molecular weights were synthesized by a suspension polymerization and precipitation polymerization method. The rheology behaviors of the synthesized PAN copolymers were investigated in relation to their molecular weight, solid content and melting temperature. The influence of "historical effects" on the spinning solution of PAN was studied by analyzing the laws of viscosity considering the diversification time and temperature. The viscosity disciplines of each spinning solution conformed well to the rheological universal laws in a comparison of the suspension polymerization product with that of precipitation polymerization. Viscosity changes in the swelling process of dissolution were gentler in the suspension polymerization product; a small amount of water will quickly debase the solution viscosity, and high-speed mixing can greatly shorten the time required by the spinning solution to reach the final viscosity.

Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Weiwei Xu,Jinzhong Niu,Guimin Tian,Xinghui Wu,Yongguang Cheng,Xiaoyang Hu,Haoshan Hao 대한화학회 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80–150 nm and length up to 1.2–2.4 μm are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Non-linear Cost-sensitive Decision Tree for Multi-classification

Weiwei Duan,Cheng Ding 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSEIA) 2016 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.10 No.2

The motivation of this paper is based on a hypothesis that non-linear decision nodes provide a better classification performance than axis-parallel decision nodes do in many practical problems, such as image classification, and voice classification. The algorithm – MNCS_DT is introduced in this paper to create non-linear splits nodes by novel discriminant analysis in decision tree for multi-classification problem and take cost-sensitive problem into account when the features are selected. In experiment part, we use four UCI data sets to compare the performance of MNCS_DT and C4.5 CS by costs and error rates. The performance of MNCS_DT is better than C4.5 CS. And eight data sets from UCI are used to compare the performance of three different feature sets measured by accuracy, G-mean, and operation time. The performance of feature set consisting of features that follow multivariate normal distribution and altered information gain values higher than average one is better than two other feature sets in most data sets.

Characterization and functional analysis of a MYB gene (GbMYBFL) related to flavonoid accumulation in Ginkgo biloba

Weiwei Zhang,Feng Xu,Shuiyuan Cheng,Yongling Liao 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.1

Flavonoids are a group of metabolites in Ginkgo biloba thought to provide health benefits. R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in the transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. In this study, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene, GbMYBFL, was isolated from G. biloba and characterized. Results of bioinformatic analysis indicated that GbMYBFL is more closely related to the R2R3-MYB involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and displayed high similarity to MYB from other plants. The genmomic sequence of GbMYBFL had three exons and two introns, with its upstream sequence containing cis-acting regulatory elements Myb binding site, Myc recognition sites, and light, SA, MeJA responsive elements. Subcellular localization analysis indicates that GbMYBFL was located in the nucleus. Quantitative realtime PCR revealed that GbMYBFL was expressed in leaves, stems, roots, young fruits, male flower and female flower, and the level of transcription in male flower and leaves were higher than that in female flower, stems, roots, and young fruits. During G. biloba leaf growth, the transcription of GbMYBFL is positively correlated with the flavonoid content, suggesting that the GbMYBFL is involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis. Overexpression of GbMYBFL under the control of the CaMV35S promoter in Ginkgo callus notably enhanced the accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanin compared with non-transformed callus. This finding suggested that GbMYBFL positively related to flavonoid biosynthesis, and the overexpression of GbMYBFL was sufficient to induce flavonoids and anthocyanin accumulation.

The Intrinsic Relation between the Hydrogel Structure and In Vivo Performance of Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers: A Comparative Study of Four Typical Dermal Fillers

Zhou Weiwei,Hou Shuai,Deng Shu,Peng Yang,Fu Wei,Zhou Yang,Yang Jie,Peng Cheng 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.3

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid dermal fillers are composed of cross-linked viscoelastic particles with high biocompatibility. The performance of the fillers is determined by the viscoelastic properties of particles and the connecting force between particles. However, the relationships among the properties of fillers, the interaction of the gels and the surrounding tissue are not clear enough. METHOD: Four kinds of typical dermal filler were selected in this research to reveal the interaction between the gels and cells. A series of analytical tools was applied to characterize the structure and physicochemical properties of the gel, as well as observing their interaction with the surrounding tissues in vivo and discussing their internal mechanism. RESULT: The large particles internal the gel and the high rheological properties endow the Restylane2 with excellent support. However, these large-size particles have a significant impact on the metabolism of the local tissue surrounding the gel. Juve´derm3 present gel integrity with the high cohesiveness and superior support. The rational matching of large and small particles provides the Juve´derm3 with supporting capacity and excellent biological performance. Ifresh is characterized by small-size particles, moderate cohesiveness, good integrity, lower viscoelasticity and the superior cellular activity located the surrounding tissues. Cryohyaluron has high cohesion and medium particle size and it is prominent in cell behaviors involving localized tissues. Specific macroporous structure in the gel may facilitate the nutrients delivering and removing the waste. CONCLUSION: It’s necessary to make the filler both sufficient support and biocompatibility through the rational matching of particle sizes and rheological properties. Gels with macroporous structured particle showed an advantage in this area by providing a space inside the particle.

Facile Synthesis of CdTe Nanorods from the Growth of Te Nanorods

Xu, Weiwei,Niu, Jinzhong,Zheng, Shuang,Tian, Guimin,Wu, Xinghui,Cheng, Yongguang,Hu, Xiaoyang,Liu, Shuaishuai,Hao, Haoshan Korean Chemical Society 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.4

One-dimensional CdTe nanorods (NRs) are obtained by the reaction of various Cd precursors with single crystalline Te nanorod templates, which are pre-synthesized from Te precursors by a simple and reproducible solvothermal method. Throughout the process, the diffraction intensity of different crystal facets of single crystalline Te NRs varied with reaction times. Finally, by alloying Cd ions along the axial direction of Te NRs, polycrystalline cubic phase CdTe NRs with diameters of 80-150 nm and length up to $1.2-2.4{\mu}m$ are obtained. The nucleation and growth processes of Te and CdTe NRs are discussed in details, and their properties are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman scattering, and UV-vis absorption spectra. It was found that the key elements of synthesizing CdTe NRs such as reaction temperatures and Cd sources will strongly influence the final shape of CdTe NRs.

Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid promotes plant growth and salinity tolerance of grape rootstocks in coastal areas

Zheng Weiwei,Tian Yuting,Shi Haili,Chen Miaomiao,Hong Seungbeom,Xu Kai,Cheng Jianhui,Zang Yunxiang 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2

Salinity stress is a key factor aff ecting grape production in coastal areas. Two grape rootstock cultivars, ‘Beta’ (sensitive to salt stress) and ‘3309 C’ (resistant to salt stress), were used to investigate the physiological role of 5-aminolevlinic acid (5-ALA) in salinity tolerance. Functional capacities in the rhizosphere, leaf phenotype, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzymes activities and certain physiological indexes were determined after treatment with seawater or seawa- ter followed by 100 mg/L 5-ALA application. The results showed that the functional capacities of the rhizosphere were distinct between the two management regimes. Microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities were reduced by salinity but promoted by 5-ALA. Salinity also suppressed the overall plant growth, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, maxi- mal photochemical effi ciency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), electron transport rate (ETR), root activity, ATP content, ATPase activity, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), cata- lase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both cultivars. Although plant growth, chlorophyll content, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in Beta were decreased to a greater extent than those in 3309 C under salinity stress, exogenous application of 5-ALA signifi cantly improved plant growth along with enhancement of all the above photosynthetic param- eters and activities of the four antioxidant enzymes in both cultivars. Seawater treatment alone signifi cantly increased non- photochemical quenching (NPQ), relative electrical conductivity (REC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in leaves, especially for Beta. However, 5-ALA treatment decreased the levels of NPQ, REC, and MDA, but increased ATP content and ATPase activity in roots and leaves of both cultivars. Thus, application of 5-ALA would be benefi cial to improve the salt tolerance of grape rootstocks grown in coastal areas.

Quasi-projective Synchronization for Caputo Type Fractional-order Complex-valued Neural Networks with Mixed Delays

Jingshun Cheng,Hai Zhang,Weiwei Zhang,Hongmei Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.5

Without decomposing the complex-valued systems into two real-valued subsystems, this paper investigates quasi-projective synchronization (QPS) problem for Caputo type fractional-order complex-valued neural networks (FOCVNNs) with mixed delays by choosing suitable controllers. To realize QPS, the linear feedback controller and adaptive feedback controller are designed, by constructing suitable Lyapunov function, utilizing the fractional Razumikhin theorem and the properties of Mittag-Leffler function and inequality technique, and several sufficient criteria for QPS of FOCVNNs with mixed delays are derived. In addition, the upper bound of the error of QPS is estimated. Finally, two numerical examples are simulated to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed results.