해상형 국립공원 탐방수요의 요인분해

모수원 ( Mo Soo-won ),이광배 ( Lee Kwang-bae ),박정환 ( Park Jeong-hwan ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2018 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.30 No.2

국내관광은 국제관광의 변동성이 주는 충격을 완화하려 관광산업의 안정성을 담보하는 역할을 수행함에도 불구하고 국내관광부문은 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 이러한 점은 우리나라의 해외관광객은 2010년-2017년에 연평균 11.3%라는 높은 증가를 보인데 비해 우리나라 국립공원의 탐방객은 연평균 1.5% 성장이라는 초라한 실적을 드러내고 있다는 데서 알 수 있다. 더욱 산악형 국립공원에 대해서는 비교적 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있는데 비해 해상형 국립공원에 대해서는 상대적으로 연구와 관심이 빈약한 편이다. 이에 본고는 변이할당분석과 BCG분석을 이용하여 해상형 국립공원 탐방객의 변동요인을 식별한다. 먼저 변이할당분석을 적용하여 4개 해상형 국립공원 탐방객의 변동을 국립공원 전체에 대한 탐방수요가 개별 국립공원탐방수요에 미치는 국립공원효과, 국립공원 전체에 대한 매력과 해상형 국립공원에 대한 매력의 차이가 개별 국립공원 탐방수요에 미치는 해상형 국립공원효과, 그리고 개별 국립공원과 해상형 국립공원의 탐방수요가 미치는 소위 경쟁력효과와 같은 3개 요인으로 분해한다. 또한 변이할당분석을 정태적 분석과 동태적 분석으로 구분하여 정태적 분석과 동태적 분석의 3개효과가 부호와 크기에서 상당한 차이를 노정한다는 것도 밝힌다. 구체적으로 우리나라 4개 해상형 국립공원의 탐방객 변동을 요인별로 분해하여, 정태적 분석에서는 국가효과와 구성효과가 양의 값으로 4개 해상형 국립공원 탐방객을 증가시키나, 동태적 분석에서는 구성효과의 경우 2013년부터, 국가효과의 경우 2014년부터 음의 부호를 갖는다는 것을 밝힌다. 탐방객이 증가한 오동도, 다도해해상국립공원, 태안해안국립공원은 물론 탐방객이 감소한 변산반도국립공원에서도 개별 국립공원의 경쟁력을 의미하는 지역효과가 가장 큰 영향을 미친다는 것도 보인다. BCG 매트릭스를 적용하여 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원은 star 영역으로 상승한 후star 위상을 유지하며, 변산반도국립공원은 star에서 cash cow와 child로 위상이 변화하여 탐방객 증가가 평균 이상을 유지하고 있는데 비해 태안해안국립공원은 child에서 dog로 추락함을 보인다. 이러한 분석을 통해 4개의 해상형 국립공원 모두에서 지역효과가 탐방객 변동에 가장 큰 영향을 미친다는 것과, 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원의 경쟁력은 우수하나 변산반도 국립공원의 경쟁력은 정체상태에 있으며, 태안해안국립공원의 경쟁력은 하락하고 있음을 밝힌다. BCG분석에서는 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원이 탐방객에서 경쟁력이 있다는 것과 태안해안국립공원에서 가장 큰 경쟁력 향상이 이루어져야 한다는 것도 밝힌다. Tourism is widely considered one of the world's largest and rapidly growing industries. Domestic tourism, however, remains an under-researched theme in many countries involving Korea partly due to the difficulty to track domestic tourism and with governments and policy-makers placing emphasis on the attractive higher expenditures of foreign visitors. It is stated that a vibrant domestic tourism sector can cushion the industry from fluctuations of the international tourism market and bring stability and predictability in the industry. Nature-based tourism to national parks gives us broad benefits such as improved physical and mental health, stress reduction and increased social cohesion. Employment is one of tourism’s main development advantages and its role in promoting economic opportunities for communities adjacent to national parks has long been appreciated. But tourism performance in Korean national parks continues to dwindle and stagger. This paper introduces a shift-share decomposition to break down the tourism to the marine national parks into three components: one measuring national effect, and two other components due to changes in compositional effect and regional effect respectively. While the static shift-share analysis shows that the growth in marine national parks’tourism seems to be due to positive national park effect as well as marine national park effect, the dynamic regional effect appears to have a negative effect on visitors. This paper also employs the positioning analysis on national parks using Boston Consulting Group matrix over the period 2011-2016. The BCG analysis shows that Odongdo and Dadohaehaesang succeed in rising to a star area, Byeonsanbando ranges over a cash cow to a child, but Taeanhaean degrades from a child to a dog area.

溫床用上의 理化學的 特性이 幼苗의 系質에 미치는 影響 : Park, Hwa-Sung & Kwang-Soo Kim 溫上의 異化學的 特性

朴華性,金光秀 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1982 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.17 No.1

本 實驗은 施設園藝地帶인 光山郡, 順天市, 康津郡 等에서 葉菜類와 果菜類의 育苗用 床土를 試料로 22点 分讓받아 수행하였으며 結果는 다음과 같다. 1.床土의 助成과 性質에 關與하는 가장 重要한 因子는 有機物含量인데 有機物含量이 높아짐에 따라 假比重과 眞比重은 낮았고 空隙率, 水分含量, 全窒素, 置換容量은 높아진다. 2. 葉菜類의 床土는 有機物含量이 많은 반면 果菜類床土의 경우는 그보다 낮게 나타났다. 봄결구배추床土의 有機物含量은 8.85~9.19%의 範圍로 別變化가 없었다. 3. 床土의 pH는 4.9~7.2의 範圍에 있었으며 大部分이 pH 7±1로서 中性에 가까웠다. 4. 置換性 K는 7点이 1.0m.e. 以上이었고 15点이 1.0m.e. 以下로 나타났다. 5. 苗의 바람직한 生育을 위해 P.K.의 量을 規定짓기는 어려우나 床土의 試料內에는 相當量의 養分이 含有되 있는 것을 알 수 있다. This experiment was intended to know the effects of physical and chemical properties of the excellent composts. Twenty two samples were collected from plastic covered greenhouse zone in chonnam province. The results obtained are as follows; 1. One of the most important factors in relation to the texture and other properties of the composts was the organic matter content. The higher the organic matter content were the lower the specific gravity and the apparent specific gravity and the higher the porosity, moisture content, total nitrogen and exchangeable capacity. 2. The composts for raising leaf vegetable seedlings contained higher levels of organic matter while the ones for fruit vegetable contained rather less. The organic matter contents in the composts for spring heading Chinese cabbage were not variable ranging from 8.85 to 9.19 percent. 3. Hydrogen-ion concentrations of the composts were in the range of pH 4.9~7.2 but most of them were in pH 7±1 or nearly neutral in their reaction. 4. Seven samples contained more than l.0m.e. of exchangeable potassium, and fifteen of them contained lower than l.0m.e. of it. 5. It was not clear how high of P or K levels were sufficient for the excellents in some of the samples, at least, were so high, that they seemed to contain surplus amounts of fertilizers.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

폐기물 관리와 향후 대책

박광하,김한수,권영두 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2001 환경연구논문집 Vol.1 No.1

오늘날 우리가 직면한 환경문제 중 하나인 폐기물에 대한 기본 개념을 이해하고, 우리 나라 폐기물의 발생현황을 살펴보며, 여러 가지 폐기물을 처리하기 위한 방법과 폐기물을 자원화 하는 방법에 대해 고찰하였다. 폐기물은 발생단계에서 원천적으로 줄이는 노력이 무엇보다 중요하며, 또한 발생된 폐기물에 대해 효과적으로 대처하기 위해서는 경제성을 고려한 기술개발을 통하여 저렴하고 안전하게 폐기물을 처리해야 한다. 또한 현대 사회는 대량생산과 대량 소비를 하는 사회경제체제에서 비롯되었기 때문에 이를 효과적으로 극복하기 위해서는 대량생산, 대량소비 체제를 지속 가능한 자원순환형 사회경제 체제로 전환시켜 폐기물 발생을 방지하는 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다.

大邱 市民의 牛乳 消費에 關한 實態 調査

朴恒均,崔光洙,張仁浩 慶北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

Survey on milk consumption of Daegu citizen was carried to get information for the increasing milk demand in Korea. Eighty percent of the families was found to consume milk, and 87.0 percent of the milk-drinking families stored the milk in a refrigerator. Reason of milk-drinking was appeared to be 44.0 percent for health, 39.0 percent for children's nutritional source and 14.2 percent for children's favor. The reason why the milk is not consumed was found to be 24 percent for high price of milk, 24.6 percent for yoghurt or egg consumption instead of milk and 16.2 percent for undesirable flavor of milk. The desirable milk pack was found to be 60.7 percent for cartoon pack, 29.2 percent for bottle and 10.1 percent for poly pack.

IN VIVO에서 고양이 상아세관을 통한 상아세관액이 흐름

박수정,손호현,이광원 大韓齒科保存學會 1995 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.20 No.1

Comparative Genomic Hybridization 기법을 이용한 한국인 원발성 간세포암에서의 염색체 변화에 대한 연구

박훤겸,정풍만,이광수,조율희 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) technique is one of the screening tests for DNA sequence copy number changes(losses, deletions, gains, amplifications) in tumor genomes. DNA changes in 23 hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC) associated with hepatitis B virus(HBV) were analyzed by CGH technique. Eighteen of the 23 cases showed genetic alterations. The remaining 5 cases showed no detectagble aberration. The losses of chromosome regions 17p(74%), 4q (57%), 16p (52%), 16q (48%), 8p (43%) and 13q (43%) were detected in the order of decreasing frequency. In cases of multiple losses of chromosomes, a combination of 17p,16p,16q,4q, and 8p losses was found in 5 cases (30%). On the other hand, chromosomal gains occurred on 1q (65%), 8q (52%), 20p (48%) and 20q (43%) in the order of decreasing frequency. And the simultaneous genomic gains of these 4 chromosomes were found in 9 cases (40%). Moreover, the combination of 5 genomic losses (17p, 16p, 16q, 4q, & 8p) and 4 genomic gains (1q, 8q, 20p, & 20q) was observed in 4 case s(23%). The pattern of chromosomal gains and losses in HCC with hepatitis B in Korean patients is very complex and involves virtually every site in the genome. This indicated a high genomic instability. This could possibly be explained either as the result of random chromosomal changes during early development of tumor, or as the highly variable and random pattern of integration of HBV in the HCC. The hepatocarcinogenesis may be the result of cumulative effocts rather than those orders of occurrence of those genomic changes. The sites of cellular DNA at which HBV integrates frequently undergo rearrangements, resulting in translocations, inverted duplications, deletions, and possibly recombinational events. But, CGH only detects changes of chromosomal copy number but could not identify translocations, inversions, and other aberrations of chromosome. The chromosomal analysis of HCC with HBV in Korean patients by CGH technique confirms the presence of complex and sporadic, but nonrandom genetic changes in the chromosome. In the future, more detailed oncogenic study could be carried out on the chromosomes which showed abnormal aberrations through this study.

남북한 종교교류의 현황과 원불교적 과제

朴光洙 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2001 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.2 No.-

체육학과 교과과정에 관한 비교 연구 : 충청지역 대학을 중심으로

박인호,이광수 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.3

The results of a comparative study on the curriculum with a special relevance of even universities specialized in the department of athletics of physical education are as follows : 1) A survey about the number of curriculum in domains of major courses of education is shown in Ihe order of management, history, education, philosopgy of athletics in the division of cultural & social science : health education, exercise physiology measurement or evaluation of athletic action, training in the division of natrual science. Ball games, gymnastics, field & track, and match games are dominant in the practical course of teaching. 2) The basic curricula of each department are completed at Kongju, Dankuk, Soonchunhyang Universities as freshman and sophomore courses. A study on the curricula of the required majour courses is shown that they are credited 13.3 scores for freshman, while a one on curricula of a selective major course is shown that they are credited 20. 1 scores for senior, 19.6 scores for junior, 15.1 scores for sophomore, 2.7 scores for freshman. 3) The avarage numbers in each curriculum of cultural & social science are 13. 6 curricula, 34 credits, 34.6 class-hours : the numbers in natrual science are 10 curriculum, 25. 1 credits. 28.8 class-hours : the numbers in practical courses 38 curriculm, 38 curdits, 76 class-hours. 4) The component ratio of theoretical or practical curriculum is 6:4, while a portion of theoretical curriculum is higher than that of practical curriculum at Soonchunhyang, Choongnam, Choongbuk Universities but the reverse tendency is appeared at other universities. 5) The credit component ratios in the required curriculum are 7 scores, 6.45% as basic courses of department : 35 scores, 35.4'% as the required majours courses, 57.3 scores, 57.8% as the selective major courses. The class-hour component ratios in the required curriculum are 9.2 class-hours, 6.1% as basic courses of department : 49.6 class-hours, 35.8% as courses of the required majour study : 80.4% class-hours, 57.6% as the selective majour courses. Now, I will try to reach some conclusions from these research data as follows. 1. The component ratio of curriculum has to be revised systemically by changing the required curriculum as a fun damental athletics to the basic curriculum of department. 2. The component ratio of curriculum has to be distributed properly, which can be prevented concentrating of the classes in a specialized grade. 3. We have to continue to study the component ratio of thoretical or practical curriculum. 4. An "understanding about class-hour of credit for practices in the curricula of natural science is needed. 5. It can be concluded that the total revision for curriculum including various living athletics of their related fields to comply with the current trends is also needed.

경북북부지역 한약재와 재배토양중의 중금속과의 상관관계

박문기,이현정,김광중,문영수 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The concentration of heavy metal were studied for the estimation of quality in herbal medicines which is Bupleuri Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma and Astragali Radix in products of north Gyeongbuk area. Also, we collected soils from several area in Gyeongbuk, and determined heavy metal concentration of soils by ICP. We compared with herbal medicines in products of Gyeongbuk and their soils. The average levels of heavy metal of herbal medicines in Gyeongbuk area are as follows : Mercury is 0.037㎎/㎏, Chromium is 0.093 ㎎/㎏, Nickel is 0.108㎎/㎏, Copper is 0.475㎎/㎏, Zinc is 3.14㎎/㎏, Manganese is 1.52㎎/㎏, Iron is 7.83㎎/ ㎏, and Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic is not detected. It was very lower in concentrations than those of average Korea area. For the heavy metals contents of Gyeongbuk area, in Gong Jung Ri, represented the higher level, it may be due to a near the road. The Cd contents in soil was not a wide difference. For the As and Pb contents in soil, Song Sa Ri (Bupleuri Radix) represented the higher level(0.68㎎/㎏, 1523㎎/㎏). Correlation coefficients of heavy metal contents in cultured herbal medicines and their soils did not give reproducible results. But the degree of correlation between a few heavy metal contents of Dioscoreae Rhizoma and their soil showed the good transfer from the soil.