ITS 염기서열에 의한 한국산 괭이눈속(Chrysosplenium)의 계통학적 연구

한종원,양선규,김현준,장창기,박정미,강신호 한국자원식물학회 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA from genus Chrysosplenium were sequenced to address phylogenetic relationship. ITS including 5.8S sequence varied in length from 647 bp to 653 bp. Among them, 219 sites were variable sites with parsimony-informative. The aligned sequences were analyzed by maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. In the strict consensus trees of parsimony analysis, the monophyly of Chrysosplenium was supported by 100% bootstrap value. The first clade, C. pseudofauriei was at the basal position of the genus, and others formed two clades with high bootstrap support. The second clade included Ser. Pilosa and Ser. Oppositifolia and third clade included Ser. Alternifolia and Ser. Flagellifera. The NJ trees showed essentially the same topology. Finally, DNA sequences of ITS regions were useful phylogenetic marker in this genus. Based on the ITS and ridge seed morphological results, C. sphaerospermum Maxim. and C. valdepilosum (Ohwi) S.H. Kang & J.W. Han were discussed their scientific names and taxonomic positions. 괭이눈속 식물에 대한 계통 유연관계를 알아보기 위하여 핵 rDNA의 internal transcribed spacer(ITS) 지역에 대한 염기서열을 분석하였다. 5.8s를 포함한 ITS 염기서열은 647-653 bp로 그중 219개의 염기에서 유전적 다양성을 나타내었다. 정렬된 염기서열은 bootstrap을 포함한 parsimony 방법과 neighbor-joining 방법을 통하여 계통수를 평가하였다. 그 결과 C. pseudofauriei(선괭이눈)이 군내군의 가장 기부에 분계조를 형성하였고, Ser. Pilosa and Ser. Oppositifolia와 Ser. Alternifolia and Ser. Flagellifera가 높은 bootstrap 값으로 두 개의 분계조를 각각 형성하였다. Neighbor-joining 분석의 결과도 일치하였다. 본 연구결과 핵 rDNA의 ITS 염기서열 분석은 괭이눈속의 계통학적 연구에 유용한 마커로 확인되었으며, 최종적으로 ITS 염기서열과 종자 형태형질을 바탕으로 C. sphaerospermum Maxim. and C. valdepilosum (Ohwi) S.H. Kang & J.W. Han에 대한 분류학적 검토를 하였다.

차량용 왁스의 발화 위험성 연구

한종원 한국화재조사학회 2020 한국화재조사학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11

가연성 흡음재의 화재 위험성에 관한 연구

한종원 한국화재조사학회 2022 한국화재조사학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.06

Monitoring a short-lived earthquake swarm during April–May 2020 in Haenam, Korea, and its preliminary results

한종원,서우석,김한준,김원영,원덕희,정지인,김광희 한국지질과학협의회 2021 Geosciences Journal Vol.25 No.1

On 3 May 2020, an ML 3.1 earthquake occurred in Haenam, southwestern Korea, in an area devoid of recorded seismicity since instrumental observations began in 1978. Careful examination of the temporal occurrence of seismicity, and the magnitude distribution of the sequence before and after the ML 3.1 earthquake, indicates typical swarm-like behavior. The earthquake swarm started with an ML 0.6 event on 26 April 2020, intensified up to 3 May 2020, and abruptly terminated with an ML 1.0 event on 9 May 2020. The Pusan National University Geophysics Laboratory (PNUGL) deployed a temporary seismic array with eight threecomponent short-period instruments to monitor the short-lived bursts of seismicity. During the monitoring campaign, we detected > 700 microearthquakes by applying a matched-filter technique to the combined dataset produced by PNUGL, the Korea Meteorological Administration, and the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology. We determined earthquake parameters for 299 earthquakes that were detected at four or more seismic stations. We also determined the focal mechanism solutions of the 10 largest earthquakes in the swarm using first-motion polarities with S/P ratios. The focal mechanism, hypocentral depth, and stress orientation of the largest earthquake in the sequence were also determined using waveform inversions. The distribution of earthquake hypocenters, together with focal mechanism solutions, indicates that the earthquake swarm activated deeply-buried faults (~20 km) oriented either NNE-SSW or WNW-ESE. We also report details of the temporary seismic monitoring network, including the instrumentation, detection of microearthquakes, and variations in event-detection threshold influenced by anthropogenic and natural noise fluctuations. We also discuss the limitations associated with lowering the detection threshold of microearthquakes by increasing the number of seismic stations or by adopting advanced event-detection techniques.

약용식물명의 올바른 사용

한종원 한국종자연구회 2020 종자과학과 산업 Vol.16 No.1

Seismic event and phase detection using deep learning for the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake sequence

한종원,김성룡,신동훈,이동헌,이상준,유승훈,박동희 한국지질과학협의회 2023 Geosciences Journal Vol.27 No.3

Deep learning (DL) methods have a high potential for earthquake detection applications because of their high efficiency at processing measurement data, such as picking seismic phases. However, the performance of DL methods must be evaluated to ensure that they can replace conventional methods so that full automation can be achieved. State-of-art DL methods incorporate advanced techniques and train with large global datasets to enhance their earthquake detection capabilities. In this study, we tested a representative DL model on the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake sequence in the Korean Peninsula and compared the results with a previously established catalog and with the results of the conventional Short Time Average/Long Time Average (STA/LTA) method. The DL model demonstrated reasonable improvements in efficiency and performance by detecting more and smaller earthquakes within a much shorter runningtime than the other methods. In addition, the DL algorithms generally provided precise pickings of P- and S-wave phases. The DL model showed good generalization because it appropriately detected earthquakes in the study area that were not included in the training dataset. However, our results did suggest possible errors that should be accounted for, such as inconsistent phase picking, missing large earthquakes, and detecting non-natural earthquake signals. From the result of tests, local optimization may be important for realizing fully automatic earthquake monitoring, such as retraining with a local dataset, fine-tuning, or transfer learning. In addition, incorporating post-processing techniques such as phase association and discrimination into the DL framework is necessary.

양산시(경상남도) 중⋅북부 일대의 관속식물 분포와 자원특성에 관한 연구

한종원,김현준,강신호,박정미,장창기 한국자원식물학회 2010 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.23 No.4

The flora of resource plants in Middle and Northern region of Yangsan-si were investigated for 7 times from March to Sept., 2009. The study indicated that, based on voucher specimens, the flora of this area consist of 427 taxa in total; 90 families, 256 genera, 376 species, 4 subspecies, 41 varieties and 6 forms. The resource plants in this area were categorized by their use into 9 groups inclusive of 1 unidentified group. Resources plants which were investigated in this area were 167 edible, 132 pasturing, 118 medicinal, 98 stainable, 52 ornamental, 15 timber, 6 fiber, 2 industrial taxa and 101 unknown resource plants, respectively. Also, there were remarkable plants such as 16 taxa of Korean endemic plants and 36 taxa of specific plants which were designated by the Ministry of Environment. Furthermore, 22 taxa of naturalized plants were observed in this investigated area where Urban Indexn UI) was 8.9%. Although the ecological status of investigated area was comparatively well conserved, the degree of (UI) was relatively high. Based on the results of this investigation, UI has been rapidly increased due to urbanization and construction of recreation objects in this area. 2009년 3월부터 2009년 9월까지 경상남도 양산시 일대의 관속식물 및 자원식물분포조사를 수행하였다. 본 조사를 통해 확인된 조사지역 내의 소산 관속식물은 90과 256속 376종 4아종 41변종 6품종으로 총 427분류군으로 확인되었다. 조사 지역에서 분포하고 있는 427분류군의 식물자원Table 4. The list of 5th to 3rd degree taxa of specially designated plants by Ministry of Environment Degree Family Scientific name Korean name ⅣRosaceae Prunus davidiana (Carrière) Franch. 산복사Leguminosae Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC. 등Araceae Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miq. 앉은부채III Saxifragaceae Philadelphus pekinensis Rupr. 애기고광나무Leguminosae Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum. 낭아초Leguminosae Vicia chosenensis Ohwi 노랑갈퀴Leguminosae Lespedeza juncea (L.f.) Pers. 땅비수리Orobanchaceae Phacellanthus tubiflorus Siebold & Zucc. 가지더부살이Cyperaceae Carex gifuensis Franch. 애기감둥사초II Saxifragaceae Saxifraga oblongifolia Nakai 참바위취Rosaceae Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H.Hara 눈개승마Rosaceae Potentilla dickinsii Franch. & Sav. 돌양지꽃Violaceae Viola orientalis (Maxim.) W.Becker 노랑제비꽃Violaceae Viola tokubuchiana var. takedana (Makino) F.Maek. 민둥뫼제비꽃Labiatae Clinopodium micranthum (Regel) Hara 두메층층이Caprifoliaceae Weigela florida (Bunge) A.DC. 붉은병꽃나무Compositae Cirsium schantarense Trautv. & Mey. 도깨비엉겅퀴IAspleniaceae Asplenium ruprechtii Kurata 거미고사리Pinaceae Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. 잣나무Pinaceae Abies holophylla Maxim. 전나무Betulaceae Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz. 물오리나무Fagaceae Quercus variabilis Blume 굴참나무Ranunculaceae Clematis patens C.Morren & Decne. 큰꽃으아리Chloranthaceae Chloranthus japonicus Siebold 홀아비꽃대Aristolochiaceae Asarum maculatum Nakai 개족도리풀Saxifragaceae Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F.Schmidt 애기괭이눈Rutaceae Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. 백선Aquifoliaceae Ilex macropoda Miq. 대팻집나무Celastraceae Euonymus macropterus Rupr. 나래회나무Primulaceae Primula sieboldii E.Morren 앵초Caprifoliaceae Weigela praecox (Lemoine) L.H.Bailey 소영도리나무Liliaceae Erythronium japonicum (Baker) Decne. 얼레지Liliaceae Polygonatum inflatum Kom. 퉁둥굴레Liliaceae Hosta minor (Baker) Nakai 좀비비추Orchidaceae Cephalanthera falcata (Thunb.) Blume 금난초IV: 3 taxa, III: 6 taxa, II: 8 taxa, I: 18taxa 유용도를 분석한 결과 식용자원식물이 167종류, 섬유용 자원식물이 6종류, 약용자원식물이 118종류, 관상용 자원식물이Table 5. Naturalized Plants in Yangsan-si No. Family Scientific name Korean name 1Amaranthaceae Amaranthus blitum L. 개비름2Amaranthus patulus Bertol. 가는털비름3Phytolaccaceae Phytolacca americana L. 미국자리공4Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub 닭의덩굴5Rumex acetosella L. 애기수영6Rumex crispus L. 소리쟁이7Leguminosae Astragalus sinicus L. 자운영8Trifolium pratense L. 붉은토끼풀9Trifolium repens L. 토끼풀10Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia maculata L. 큰땅빈대11Euphorbia supina Raf. 애기땅빈대12Onagraceae Oenothera biennis L. 달맞이꽃13Cruciferae Lepidium apetalum Willd. 다닥냉이14Lepidium virginicum L. 콩다닥냉이15Thlaspi arvense L. 말냉이16Convolvulaceae Ipomoea purpurea Roth 둥근잎나팔꽃17Scrophulariaceae Veronica arvensis L. 선개불알풀18Veronica persica Poir. 큰개불알풀19Compositae Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. 돼지풀20Aster pilosus Willd. 미국쑥부쟁이21Bidens frondosa L. 미국가막사리22Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist 망초23Conyza sumatrensis E.Walker 큰망초24Erechtites hieracifolia Raf. 붉은서나물25Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. 개망초26Erigeron strigosus Muhl. 주걱개망초27Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake 털별꽃아재비28Galinsoga parviflora Cav. 별꽃아재비29...

한라산 모데미풀(미나리아재비과) 자생지 분포 특성

한종원,강신호,이가형,양선규 한국자원식물학회 2010 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.23 No.2

This study was conducted to provide basic information for conservation and restoration through investigation of vegetation and soil condition of Megaleranthis saniculifolia Ohwi, Korean endemic species, in Mt. Halla, Jeju Island. Very few individuals were discontinuously distributed and restricted at 1,075m above sea level, very steep slope (60-70°), rocky area of north face of Eorimok Valley. For investigation of environmental condition, we established two 10x10 quadrats in the habitats and one control quadrat. Twenty-four species were found at site 1 under 10-12m Carpinus laxiflora tree layer (35%) and soil conditions are pH 5.9, moisture content (field capacity) 9.39%, organic carbon 8.22% and organic matter 14.17%, respectively. Site2, 15 taxa were found under 8-12m Platycarya strobilacea tree layer (40%) and soil conditions are pH 5.07, moisture content 4.99%, organic carbon 5.34% and 9.21 percentage of organic matter. In the control quadrat, 14 taxa were found under 10m Carpinus laxiflora tree layer (10%) and soil conditions are pH 5.27, moisture content 6.23%, organic carbon 4.74% and organic matter 8.17%, respectively. The principal causes of threat which were investigated in this study are competition among company, very steep slopes, artificial management of valley. For restoration and conservation of habitats, it is needed to suitable plans. 한라산에 자생하는 한국특산 모데미풀의 보전 및 복원을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 생육지 특성을 연구하였다. 모데미풀의 자생지는 해발 1,075m에 위치하고 경사는 60-70°로 매우 가파른 암석지대로, 어리목 계곡의 북사면 일대에 소수의 개체가 불연속적이며 제한적으로 분포하였다. 조사는 모데미풀이 확인된 2개 지역과 분포하지 않는 인근 지역을 조사하여 비교 하였다. 조사구 1은 교목층(35%)이 10-12m로 형성되어 24종류의 식물종이 확인되었으며, 토양은 pH 5.59, 수분함량 9.39%, 유기탄소함량 8.22%, 유기물함량 14.17%로 조사되었다. 조사구 2는 굴피나무, 고로쇠나무로 형성된 수관(8-12m, 40%)하에, 15종류의 식물종이 확인되었으며, 토양은 pH 5.07, 수분함량 4.99%, 유기탄소함량 5.34%, 유기물함량 9.21%로 조사되었다. 대조구의 경우는 서어나무 교목층(10m, 10%)하에, 14종류의 식물종이 확인되었으며, 토양은 pH 5.27, 수분함량 6.23%, 유기탄소함량 4.74%, 유기물함량 8.17%로 조사되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 위협 요인으로는 다른 종과 생육지 경쟁에서의 도태, 매우 가파른 자생지 구조 등의 자연적인 요소와 계곡 정비와 같은 인위적인 요소로 판단되었으며, 보전을 위한 현지 내외 보호가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

내충성 지황 "충강"

한종원,허목,구성철,Mei Lan Jin,이우문,장재기,김수동,김효진,서영진,하정석,김연복,이상훈 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.10

Background : Rehmannia glutinosa is a perennial herb belonging to family Scrophulariaceae. This study was breeding of R. glutinosa cultivar with insect tolerance and high-yielding. Methods and Results : ‘Chunggang’ is developed by the medicinal crop breeding team of National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), during the period from 2005 to 2017. The reproduction of Rehmannia glutinosa has been accomplished mainly by vegetative propagation with its seedlings. This cultivar was selected from seedling of RG10. The plant type of Chungang is some rising from ground. Regional yield trials conducted at three site from 2016 to 2017. The root yield of ‘Chunggang’ was 22.3 ton per hectare, which was increased 11% compared with ‘Jihwang 1’ (check variety). Also, ‘Chunggang’ has higher insect tolerance compared with ‘Jihwang 1’. Conclusion : ‘Chunggang’ is a insect tolerance and high-yielding Rehmannia glutinosa cultivar.

Isolation of Total RNA from a Freshwater Green Alga, Zygnema cruciatum,Containing High Levels of Pigments

한종원,Gwang Hoon Kim,Key Pyoung Lee,Minchul Yoon 한국조류학회I 2007 ALGAE Vol.22 No.2

Conventional methods for the isolation and purification of mRNA from Zygnema were unsuccessful because of its high amount of pigments and RNA interactive molecules. In particular, pigments were difficult to remove using conventional protocols because they interacted with RNA during pulverization of the materials. This resulted in total degeneration of RNA in two to three hours. To alleviate this problem, we developed an isolation method that utilized DEAE-cellulose resin. The pigments bound to DEAE anion exchange resin and separated from the RNA. Purified total RNA showed an yield of 50 μg per 100 mg of tissue with this method. The amplified 2nd strand cDNA was distributed 300 bp and over.