중부지역 답리작에서 두과 및 화본과 녹비작물의 재배방법에 따른 biomass, 질소 함량이 벼 수량에 미치는 영향

전원태,성기영,김민태,오인석,최봉수,강위금 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5

The cultivation methods are important for determining crop yield of green manure. The effect of cultivation methods of green manure crops (GMC) on biomass and rice yield was investigated. This experiment was conducted at Sinheung series (fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts from Oct. 2007 to Oct. 2008 at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province,Korea. Seven GMC (hairy vetch, barley, Chinese milk vetch, rye, crimson clover, oats, rattail fescue) were cultivated and incorporated on paddy soil by broadcasting before rice harvesting (BBRH) and partial tillage seeding (PTS). Among the three leguminous GMC, the biomass and N production were the highest at the hairy vetch of PTS. Among the four gramineae GMC, the biomass and N production tended to be higher in the rye of BBRH and barley of PTS. The C/N ratio (56.5~74.2) of rye was high compared with hairy vetch (14.1). Among the GMC, the incorporation of hairy vetch increased NH_4-N contents in rice paddy soil at 14 and 42days after transplanting. These results showed that hairy vetch had no significant to rice yield compared with conventional fertilization. Therefore, hairy vetch seems to be the most efficient green manure crop as an alternatives to chemical N fertilizer in the central regions of Korea.

수박후작 벼 재배시 토양 및 생육특성 변화

전원태,박창영,박기도,강위금,박성태,한희석,이병석,양창인,양원하,최돈향,이충현 한국작물학회 2004 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Changes of Hairy vetch Biomass by Different Seeding Methods and Rice Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties by Its Incorporation in Paddy

전원태,류진희,성기영,김민태,강항원,이재은,정찬식,김욱한 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Hairy vetch can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere as a leguminous cover crop. This research was carried out to determine optimum seeding method of hairy vetch and application effect in paddy. Field experiment was conducted at Sinheung series (fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts) from Sep. 2011 to Oct. 2012 at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Hairy vetch used in the study was ‘Cheongpyungbora’, developed by National Institute of Crop Science. Seeding methods of hairy vetch consisted of Broadcasting Before Rice Harvesting (BBRH), Partial Tillage Seeding (PTS), Minimum Tillage Seeding (MTS), No Tillage Seeding (NTS), and Drill Seeding (DS). Both MTS and NTS showed the highest biomass among the seeding methods. The rice yield of MTS and NTS significantly increased compared to conventional fertilization (CF). Also soil properties including organic matter and bulk density were improved by incorporation of hairy vetch. Therefore, we suggested that MTS and NTS could be used to produce hairy vetch and rice in paddy.

일반계와 통일계 품종의 벼 뿌리 분포 특성

전원태,박노봉,조영손,윤을수,박기도,박창영,강위금,박성태,최진룡 한국작물학회 2003 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

화학비료 및 퇴비 장기시용에 따른 벼 뿌리 분포 특성

전원태,박창영,조영손,박기도,윤을수,강위금,박성태,최진룡 한국작물학회 2003 Korean journal of crop science Vol.48 No.6

무기질 비료 및 퇴비를 36년간 장기 시용한 논 토양에서 벼 뿌리의 분포양상을 구명하기 위하여 무비, 퇴비단용, 삼요소, 삼요소+퇴비, 삼요소+규산구의 벼 뿌리 관련 특성을 조사하였다. 본 시험은 평택통에 화삼벼를 주당 3본씩 손이앙 하였으며 삼요소구의 시비량은 N-P2O5 -K2O kg ha1=150-100-100를 시용하였고 규산은 ha당 500kg, 퇴비는 ha당 10,000kg를 시용하였다. 근계특성 분포 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 지상부의 건물중은 시비량이 많을수록 높은 경향이었다 그러나 뿌리 건물중은 삼요소구에 비하여 삼요소+퇴비에서 많았으며, 총근장은 무비에서 컸다. 뿌리 건물중은 삼요소+퇴비구에서 높았다 토심별 근장밀도(cm cm3)는 무비구의 주간하 0-5cm에서 가장 높았고 토심이 깊어질수록 적어지는 경향이었고 주하와 주간하의 차이는 심토로 갈수록 적어지는 경향이었으나 퇴비단용구는 토심 15-20cm의 주간하에서 주하와 차이가 컸다. 토심별 근중밀도(mg cm3)는 삼요소+회비구에서 가장 높았다. 비근장은 삼요소+규산구에서 가장 낮았다. 뿌리깊이 지수는 퇴비단용구가 높았으며 근장으로 계산한 지수가 근중으로 계산한 지수보다 높았다. It is well known that root distribution of rice is a crucial factor for nutrient absorbtion and affect by soil fertility management. However, the findings on root distribution are limited due to laborious and tedious work. The characteristics of root distribution were investigated in long-term fertilizer experiment plots that were established in paddy soil, a fine silty family of typic Hal-paqueps (Pyeongtaeg series) in 1967. fertilizer experiment plots of no fertilizer, compost, NPK and NPK+compost plot have been maintained consistently for the past thirty six year and Npk+silicate plot for the past twenty two years. In NPK plot, 150kg N (urea), 100kg -~textrmP2~textrmO5 (fused phosphate) and 100kg ~textrmK2~textrmO (potassium chloride) per hectare have been applied. For NPK+silicate plot, 500kg ~textrmSi~textrmO2 (silicate) was applied in addition to fertilizer in NPK plot. For the compost plot, 10,000kg rice straw compost per hectare were applied. Root samples were taken from the positions of hill-center (below hill) and mid-point of four adjacent rice hills at heading stage by cylinder monolith (CM) method. The soil cores were sampled 20cm depth from the soil surface and partitioned four into layers at an interval of 5cm. The soil particles surrounding roots were washed out with tap water, Length and weight of the roots in each soil layer were measured and root length density (RLD), root weight density (RWD), specific root length(SRL) and rooting depth index (RDI) were calculated. Total root length was measured by intersection method. Plant height, tiller and shoot dry weight were the highest in NPK+compost plot. But RLD of hill-center soil cores was the highest in no-fertilizer plots. In the soil cores from mid-point position of four adjacent hills, RLD at 15-20cm soil depth was higher in compost plot than NPK plot. RLD in compost plots showed even distribution compared to those in chemical- fertilizer plots. RWD was the highest in the NPK+compost plot. SRL was the lowest in the NPK+silicate plot. RDI was the highest in the compost plot. Also, in this experiment it was found that the distribution of roots was closely related to the physical properties of the soil as affected by fertilization management.

벼 재배 시 녹비작물 헤어리베치의 부분경운 파종 효과

전원태,성기영,오계정,조현숙,정광호,오인석,박성태,김충국,강위금 한국작물학회 2010 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.04

녹비작물 재배는 작부체계상 토양의 건전성(soil quality) 향상과 농업생태계의 지속성(substantiality) 유지에 중요한 역할을 한다. 본시험의 목적은 답리작에서 녹비작물 헤어리베치 (Vicia Villosa R.)의 재배 및 벼 이용 시 안전성을 증진하기 위하여 수행하였다. 시험은 2006/2007년부터 2008/2009년까지 3개년간 포장에서 수행 하였다. 시험포장은 경기도 수원시 소재 국립식량과학원 벼 시험포장인 신흥통(식양질)에서 수행하였다. 헤어 리베치는 중국에서 수입한 H-1을 10월 상순경에 벼 부분경운파종기를 이용하여 파종하였다. 벼 품종은 중생 종인 풍미벼(‘07, ’08)와 조생종인 운광벼(‘09)로 25~30일묘를 6월 상순에 기계이앙하였다. 시험 기간 3년 모두 부분경운파종 시 헤어리베치의 biomass 및 질소 생산성은 벼 입모중파종과 유의적인 차이는 없었고 벼 수량도 차이가 없었다. 또한 2008/2009년에는 부분경운 파종 시 파종량 9 kg/10a와 6 kg/10a도 헤어리베치 biomass와 쌀수량이 유의적 차이가 없었다. 따라서 답리작에서 부분경운파종법을 이용하면 녹비작물 헤어리 베치의 재배 및 벼 이용의 안전성 뿐만아니라 녹비작물의 종자대 절약도 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

옥수수 자식 계통의 생육 초기 습해처리에 따른 지상부와 지하부 생장 특성

전원태,정건호,김민태,김성국,손범영백성범,이재은,권영업,심강보,신성휴 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

옥수수 자식 계통의 초기 습해처리에 따른 생육 및 수량 변화

전원태,정건호,김성국,이재은,김민태,손범영,백성범,권영업,심강보,신성휴 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

밭토양에서 녹비작물 헤어리베치와 호밀의 혼파비율이 Biomass 생산에 미치는 영향

전원태,성기영,이종기,김민태,조현숙 한국작물학회 2009 Korean journal of crop science Vol.54 No.3

본 연구에서는 밭토양에서 녹비작물을 이용한 화학비료 대체기술을 개발하고자 2006년 가을부터 2007년 6월까지 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 환경포장에서 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 녹비작물 헤어리베치의 생초량은 5월 중순, 호밀은 4월 중.하순에 최대 생산성을 보였고 혼파비율에 따라서는 두과의 혼파 비율은 높은 혼파 3:1에서 전생육기간 동안 가장 높은 생산성을 보였다. 2. 건물중은 생초중과 유사한 경향으로 4월 중순부터 혼파 2:1과 3:1에서 호밀단파 수량보다 지속적으로 높았다. 3. 질소함량은 모든 처리에서 시기가 경과함에 따라서 낮아지는 경향으로 헤어리베치는 전 시험 기간 동안 3%이상을 나타내었고 호밀은 출수 후인 5월 상순부터는 급격히 감소하였으나 혼파구는 헤어리베치의 파종량이 많은 처리구에서는 5월 하순까지 2.2%이상의 질소함량을 나타내었다. 4. 헤어리베치의 질소생산성은 5월 상순경에 최대 생산성을 보였고 호밀은 4월 하순에 최대생산량을 보였다. 혼파 3 : 1에서는 4월 중순에 질소생산성을 10a 당 21.7 kg을 생산하여 옥수수 등의 후작의 화학비료 대체 가능성을 보였다. 5. 헤어리베치는 전 시험 기간동안 C/N율이 15이하였으나 호밀은 5월 상순부터 59로 급격히 높아졌다. 혼파 3:1은 높은 생산을 나타냈지만 모두 30 이하의 낮은 C/N율을 보였다. 6. 헤어리베치 단파구와 혼파구에서 유기물의 함량과 질산태질소의 함량이 증가하는 경향이었고 호밀구에서 반대경향을 나타내어 혼파는 유기물 증가와 질산태질소의 유실 경감에 기여한 것으로 생각되었다. Korean government has promoted the policy of chemical fertilizer reduction by 40% reduction from 2003 to 2013. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere and rye (Secale cerale L.) accumulates soil nitrogen to reduce potential nitrogen loss. The objective of this research was to identify optimum seeding rates of hairy vetch-rye mixtures in the central regions of Korea. The experiment of mixture rate was carried out for maximum production in 2006 and 2007. The best seeding rate mixture for maximum biomass production was 6.75 kg hairy vetch and 5 kg rye per 10a. Pure hairy vetch and rye were used as control. The nitrogen production of mixture treatments were higher than pure rye. The hairy vetch and rye mixture can scavenge potentially leachable nitrogen, while maintaining soil fertility by adding fixed nitrogen to the cropping system

답리작에서 녹비작물 크림손클로버 단파 및 혼파가 벼 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향

전원태,성기영,김민태,오인석,최봉수,강위금 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5

Green manure crops are mainly used to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers. Mixture of green manure crops have beneficial effects in agroecosystem. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of monoculture and mixtures of crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) on rice growth and yield in paddy. This experiment was conducted at Sinheung series (fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts) from Oct. 2007 to Oct. 2009 at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS),RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Seeding rates of crimson clover (CC) were consisted of monoculture (CC 2, 3, 4 kg and hairy vetch 5 kg 10a^-1) and mixtures (CC 2 + barley 7, CC 3 + barley 7, CC 4+ barley 7, and CC 2 + hairy vetch 5 kg 10a^-1). Seeds were drilled by partial tillage machine on 9th Oct. in 2007. Monoculture and mixture of crimson clover as a green manure crop was incorporated in soil for rice cultivation on 15th May in 2008. Chemical fertilizers had not been applied to monoculture and mixture plots. The biomass and N production of monoculture plots were lower than mixture plots. The biomass and N production of CC 2 + hairy vetch 5 kg 10a^-1 plot were the highest among mixtures treatments. In rice growing season, ammonium nitrogen concentrations in soil were a little high trends at CC 2 + hairy vetch 5 kg 10a^-1 plot. And soil bulk density and porosity were improved at mixture plot after rice harvesting. The rice yield of CC 2 + hairy vetch 5 kg 10a^-1 plot was not significantly different from conventional practice plot. These results indicated that cropping of crimson clover with hairy vetch mixture was better than barley mixture for environmental friendly rice cultivation.