한국 동해 남부해역 대륙붕에 서식하는 대형저서동물군집 공간분포를 결정하는 환경요인

이정호,이정석,박영규,강성길,최태섭,김병모,류종성,Lee, Jung-Ho,Lee, Jung-Suk,Park, Young-Gyu,Kang, Seong-Gil,Choi, Tae Seob,Gim, Byeong-Mo,Ryu, Jongseong 한국해양학회 2014 바다 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 동해 남부 이산화탄소 해저지중저장 후보지 주변 수심 100-500 m 해역에서 저서생태계의 공간분포와 이를 결정하는 환경요인을 이해하기 위해 수행되었다. 2012년 8월-9월 총 16개 정점에서 대형저서동물군집과 환경요인을 조사하였다. 총 158종의 저서동물이 채집되었으며, 평균 서식밀도는 $843indiv/m^2$, 평균 생물량(습중량)은 $26.2g\;WW/m^2$로 나타났으며, 생물다양성이 높은 지역에서 주로 서식밀도가 높았다. 측정된 33개 환경변수를 대상으로 주성분분석을 실시한 결과 조사해역의 저서환경은 크게 퇴적물환경, 저층해수환경, 수심에 의해 지배된다. 저서동물의 분포는 세 가지 주성분과 밀접한 관련을 보였는데, 특히 사질함량이 많은 정점일수록 출현종수가 많아지고 생물량은 적어지는 경향이 관찰되었다. 조개 2종을 포함한 우점종 6종은 ${\Omega}$ aragonite, ${\Omega}$ calcite 농도가 높은 곳을 선호하였는데, 이 종들은 이산화탄소 유입으로 인해 해양산성화가 진행되면 가장 먼저 피해를 입을 수 있는 생물로 판단된다. 저서동물 상위 1% 우점종의 종조성을 바탕으로 집괴분석한 결과 지리적으로 뚜렷하게 구분되는 4개의 정점군이 분류되었다. 각 정점군은 고유의 저층해수 및 퇴적물 환경을 보이고 있으며, 대표적인 특성종으로는 A) Ampelisca miharaensis, (B) Edwardsioides japonica, (C) Maldane cristata, (D) Spiophanes kroeyeri을 들 수 있다. 측정이 용이한 5개의 환경요인(수심, 사질함량, 수온, 염분, pH)을 이용하여 4개의 정점군을 정확도 100%로 예측할 수 있는 판별함수모델을 제시하였다. 조사지역의 저서동물군집은 환경요인과 밀접한 관계를 보이고 있으며, 이는 환경변수에 기반하여 저서동물 분포를 예측할 수 있는 통계적모델 개발 가능성을 시사한다. This study aims to understand environmental factors that determine spatial distribution of macrozoobenthic community in the southern area (ca 100-500 m depth) of East Sea, Korea, known as a candidate site for carbon storage under the seabed. From sixteen locations sampled in the summer of 2012, a total of 158 species were identified, showing density of $843indiv/m^2$ and biomass of $26.2g\;WW/m^2$, with increasing faunal density towards biologically higher diverse locations. Principal component analysis showed that a total of 33 environmental parameters were reduced to three principal components (PC), indicating sediment, bottom water, and depth, respectively. As sand content was increasing, number of species increased but biomass decreased. Six dominant species including two bivalve species favored high concentrations of ${\Omega}$ aragonite and ${\Omega}$ calcite, indicating that the corresponding species can be severely damaged by ocean acidification or $CO_2$ effluent. Cluaster analysis based on more than 1% density dominant species classified the entire study area into four faunal assemblage (location groups), which were delineated by characteristic species, including (A) Ampelisca miharaensis, (B) Edwardsioides japonica, (C) Maldane cristata, (D) Spiophanes kroeyeri, and clearly separated in terms of geography, bottom water and sediment environment. Overall, a discriminant function model was developed to predict four faunal assemblages from five simply-measured environmental variables (depth, sand content in sediment, temperature, salinity and pH in bottom water) with 100% accuracy, implying that benthic faunal assemablages are closed linked to certain combinations of abiotic factors.

골프코스 페어웨이 지반 토양의 배수불량 원인과 개선방안

이정호,정기래,이종민,주영규,Lee, Jung-Ho,Jung, Gi-Rai,Lee, Jong-Min,Joo, Young-Kyoo 한국잔디학회 2012 한국잔디학회지 Vol.26 No.2

경기도 여주군의 R골프장에서 페어웨이 건설 시 토양조사 및 적절한 토양개량이 실시되지 않아 배수불량 지역이 발생하였다. 2003년과 2008년에 토양물리 화학성검사를 실시하여 배수불량의 원인 분석과 토양개량 실시여부에 대한 배수능력 개선 결과와 토양물리성 변화에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 배수불량지역은 분석결과 표토 5 cm~8 cm 구간이 토양 경화로 인해 토양 물리성이 악화되어 약 3,000 Kpa의 높은 경도를 보였고, 그에 따른 낮은 투수율에 의해 토양 하부층으로의 배수능력이 저조하여 배수 불량의 직접 원인이 되어있었다. 반면 토양갱신구역은 토양 경도가 양호하며 깊이에 큰 영향 없이 1,500 Kpa 이하로 대체적으로 균일한 것으로 나타났다. 토양수분을 측정한 결과도 비슷한 경향을 보였는데 배수불량지역은 토양하부 5~15 cm 지역은 20~30%의 수분량을 보인 반면 토양개량이 성공한 지역은 8~12%의 이상적인 수분분포를 보였다. 또 토양개량을 실시한 지역이더라도 식재된 보식용 잔디의 식재층에 실트와 점토가 많이 함유되어 이식 지역의 토양과 식재층이 다르면 이식 후 토양층에 이질층이 형성되어 수분의 이동이 원활하지 못해 배수 불량의 원인이 되었다. 배수불량으로 인해 토양 내 토양이 환원 상태가 되면서 혐기성 미생물의 생육이 증가하고, 메탄가스가 55 ppm 정도로 축적되고 토양의 공기순환이 자유롭지 못해 식재된 잔디의 뿌리 생장에 악영향을 주어 결과적으로 잔디 생육이 불량하게 되는 연쇄적인 문제가 발생하였다. Research was focused on the improvement of poor drainage problems on golf course fairway which had not been performed soil test or properly amended during the course construction. The analysis of the drainage problem basically was caused by a deterioration of soil physical properties by the top layer compaction. The soil hardness reached about 3,000 Kpa around 5~6 cm of soil profile. The slow infiltration speed to subsoil by the compaction was caused directly a poor drainage capacity. However, the properly amended sand soil showed an apparent value of 1,500 Kpa through the subsoil. The water content test showed a similar result that higher rate of 20~30% and ideal rate of 8~12% at poor drainage area and successfully amended area, respectively. However, an imported topsoil media which had higher content of silt and clay from a trans-planted sod had made a heterogeneous soil profile and that caused a poor drain capacity by a low infiltration rate. Those drainage problems triggered to buildup a reduced soil layer by poor soil gas exchange. The soil environment of deoxidation enhanced anaerobic microbial population and induced methane gas build-up to 55 ppm, and that resulted an adverse effect on turf growth by root growth retardation, consequently.

요근 긴장이 자율신경계 활성도 변화에 미치는 영향

이정호,김호준,이명종,Lee, Jung-Ho,Kim, Ho-Jun,Lee, Myeong-Jong 척추신경추나의학회 2008 척추신경추나의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the hypothesis that the structural imbalance affect cardiac function and autonomic reflex system and to investigate the possibility of the chiropractic care for cardiovascular system. Methods : 78 of Dong-Guk University students with structural imbalance were recruited for the investigation from March to June 2007. Heart rate variability, Buss and Durkee Hostility inventory(BDHI) and physical examinations to evaluate psoas muscle contracture were performed. Results : Left psoas muscle contracture was associated with decrease of LF/HF ratio(p=0.048). Conclusion : Left side contracture of psoas muscle showed a tendency to decrease sympathetic activity.

GOP 기반의 적응적 인터 예측을 이용한 다시점 비디오의 효율적인 H.264/AVC 부호화

이정호,조익환,이웅호,정동석,Lee, Jung-Ho,Cho, Ik-Hwan,Lee, Woong-Ho,Jeong, Dong-Seok 한국통신학회 2006 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.31 No.12C

본 논문에서는 H.264/AVC의 다시점 비디오 부호화의 고속화 방법을 제안한다. 다시점 비디오는 부호화해야 할 데이터의 양이 일반 비디오보다 더 많으며, 전형적인 비디오 부호화 방법에서 사용하는 인터-움직임 예측에 덧붙여 인터-부등 예측을 이용하기 때문에 예측해야할 정보가 막대하게 커진다. 실험을 통해 비디오 부호화에서 사용되는 각 예측의 효율이 인트라, 인터-부돈, 인터-움직임 그리고 인터-skip 순으로 점점 좋아진다는 점에 착안하여 각 GOP 단위로 적응적인 문턱값을 계산하여 인터-부등 및 인트라 예측을 조기 종료하는 고속화 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 실험 결과 제안하는 방법은 여러 실험 비디오에 대해서 기존의 방법에 비해 약 32%가량 개선된 연산 속도를 보였으며, 비트량 및 왜곡의 증가는 상대적으로 적었다. This paper proposes a fast encoding algorithm of H.264/AVC multi-view video coding. The amount of data to be encoded for a multi-view video is much more than normal video's data, and the amount of information to be predicted is enormous because of the multi-view video coding uses inter-disparity prediction in addition to inter-motion prediction in conventional video coding. We noticed through an experiment that the efficiency of prediction is getting better in order of intra, inter-disparity, inter-motion, and inter-skip, and proposes a early termination algorithm by means of estimate the adaptive threshold within a GOP unit. In the experiments, the proposed algorithm shows improved processing speed about 32% compared to existing method, and increased amount of bits and distortions are relatively disregardable.

퇴적 온도와 열처리에 따른 SiC에 퇴적된 Ga 도핑된 ZnO의 구조 및 전기적 특성

이정호,구상모,Lee, Jung-Ho,Koo, Sang-Mo 한국전기전자재료학회 2012 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.25 No.2

The characteristics of Ga-doped zinc oxide (GZO) thin films deposited at different deposition temperatures (TS~250 to $550^{\circ}C$) on 4H-SiC have been investigated. Structural and electrical properties of GZO thin film on n-type 4H-SiC(0001) were investigated by using x-ray diffraction(XRD), atomic force microscopy(AFM), Hall effect measurement, barrier height from I-V curve and Auger electron spectroscopy(AES). XRD $2\theta$ scan shows GZO thin film has preferential orientation with c-axis perpendicular to SiC substrate surface. The lowest resistivity ($\sim1.9{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$) was observed for the GZO thin film deposited at $400^{\circ}C$. As deposition temperature increases, barrier height between GZO and SiC was increased. Whereas, resistivity of GZO thin films as well as barrier height between GZO and SiC were increased after annealing process in air atmosphere. It has been found that the c-axis oriented crystalline quality as well as the relative amount of activated Ga3+ ions and oxygen vacancy may affect the electrical properties of GZO films on SiC.

낙동강 수계 댐호의 부착규조 및 영양단계 평가

이정호,김용재 ( Jung Ho Lee,Yong Jae Kim ) 한국환경생물학회 1996 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Epilithiic diatoms and trophic states of Lake Andong, Imha, Yungchun, Unmun, Hapchun and Chinyang in the Naktong River system were studied. Collections for the study were made at the six dam lakes in September, 1994. Total 121 taxa, classified into 104 species, 16 varieties and 1 forma belong to 30 genera were found. Ten taxa were new to Korea. Achnanthes minutissima was a dominant species at all the Lakes studied exclusive of Navicula seminulum at only Lake Yungchun. The values of LTSI (Lake Trophic State Index), used for evaluation on the lake trophic state in the present study, were 5.8 at Lake Andong, 8.3 at Lake Imha, 8.0 at Lake Yungchun, 7.7 at Lake Unmun, 5.2 at Lake Hapchun and 6.4 at Lake Chyunyang. In consequence, only Lake Hapchun was evaluated as a mesotrophic lake, however the other lakes were eutrophic over 5.41 of LTSI value.

정신과에 의뢰된 내과계 환자들에 대한 치료적 접근 -환자에 대한 평가와 이해 -

이정호,이기철,Lee, Jung-Ho,Lee, Gi-Chul 한국정신신체의학회 1993 정신신체의학 Vol.1 No.1

To understand and evaluate the patients who were referred for psychiatric consultation from medical departments, the authors reviewed the concept of disease, psychological reaction to disease, problems on psychiatric diagnosis and evaluation which were encountered at the medical ward. In addition, we reviewed what psychiatrists should do during consultation.

한국 연안의 하계 대형저서동물의 공간분포

이정호,임현식,신현출,류종성,LEE, JUNG-HO,LIM, HYUN-SIG,SHIN, HYUN CHOOL,RYU, JONGSEONG 한국해양학회 2022 바다 Vol.27 No.2

To clarify the spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos in Korean coastal waters in the summer season and investigate the relationship between community structure and benthic environmental factors, field surveys on community structure and benthic environmental factors were conducted at 117 stations in August 2017. A total of 613 macrobenthic species were identified, with the mean density of 1,228 ind./m² and the mean biomass (wet weight) of 110.9 g WW/m². Rich biodiversity was found at stations near Wando and along the coast of the East Sea, and there is a trend that stations with greater biodiversity also showed higher mean density as well. The dominant species in all the coastal areas in Korea was Heteromastus filiformis, which were found at most of the stations during the survey. The relatively deep areas in the East Sea were dominated by Magelona johnsoni and Maldane cristata, which were the third and ninth dominant species in the study areas, respectively. Pseudopolydora kempi and Rhynchospio sp. were observed only at the station located in the Nakdong River estuary. From the cluster analysis the stations could be clustered into three station groups with more similar faunal composition. Group A was located in the eastern coast, characterized with deep water depth and low levels of sand contents, while Group B was located in the southern coast, characterized by shallow depth of water and high content of mud and organic matter. Lastly, Group C was in the western coast, demonstrating low levels of mud content and organic matters. The biodiversity of macrobenthic species in the study area showed high positive correlation coefficients with benthic environmental factors such as sorting, clay, silt, and contents of organic matter in sediments, but negatively correlated with the sand contents. Major dominant species, Theora lata and Eriopisella sechellensis, both showed negative correlation coefficients with the sand contents, but a relatively high positive correlation with the levels of organic contents.It can be concluded that the spatial distribution patterns of macrobenthic organisms in Korean coastal waters are affected by depth, sediment type, and contents of organic matters.

하수관거시스템 개량 우선순위 결정 모형

이정호,박무종,김중훈,Lee, Jung-Ho,Park, Moo-Jong,Kim, Joong-Hoon 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.8 No.6

하수관거시스템 개량의 주된 목적은 불명수(Inflow/Infiltration, I/I)를 제거함으로써 그 성능을 향상시키는데 있다. 이때 전체 하수관거시스템 내에서 개개 관거별 I/I 발생량을 정량화할 수 있다면, 전체 하수관거시스템 내에서 소유역별 해당 정보의 추출이 보다 명확해질 수 있다. 그러나 실제 현장에서는 예산 및 시간의 제약 때문에 개개 관거의 I/I 발생 정보의 획득은 거의 불가능하다. 본 연구에서는 하수 관거별 I/I 발생량을 AHP(Analytic Hierarch Process)를 이용하여 정량화하였으며, 산정된 관거별 I/I 발생량을 이용하여 효율적인 하수과거 개량 사업 시행을 위한 개량 우선순위 결정 모형(Rehabiliation Priority Decision Model for sewer system, RPDM)을 개발하였다. 개개 관거별 I/I 발생량 산정 결과에 기반하여 RPDM은 개량이 시행되는 기간 동안 발생하는 I/I 발생량을 최소화하는 소유역별 최적 개량 우선순위(Optimal Rehabilitation Priority, ORP)를 유전자 알고리즘을 이용하여 결정한다. 이때 최적 개량 우선순위에 따른 소유역별 개량 시행 시 발생하는 이익은 개량 기간 동안 하수처리장으로 들어가는 I/I의 하수처리비용(Waste Water Treatment Cost, WWTC)에 대한 절감을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 개발된 RPDM에 의한 최적 개량 우선순위의 결과는 일반적인 하수관거 개량사업의 우선순위 결정 방법인 점수가중평가법(Numerical Weighting Method, NWM)과 최악의 개량순서에 따른 결과들과 비교되었으며, 개량 기간 동안의 I/I 처리비용이 점수가중평가법에 비하여 22%, 최악의 개량순서에 비하여 40% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. The main objective of sewer rehabilitation is to improve its function while eliminating inflow/infiltration (I/I). If we can identify the amount of I/I for an individual pipe, it is possible to estimate the I/Is of sub-areas clearly. However, in real, the amount of I/I for an individual pipe is almost impossible to be obtained due to the limitation of cost and time. In this study, I/I occurrence of each sewer pipe is estimated using AHP (Analytic Hierarch Process) and RPDM (Rehabilitation Priority Decision Model for sewer system) was developed using the estimated I/I of each pipe to perform the efficient sewer rehabilitation. Based on the determined amount of I/I for an individual pipe, the RPDM determines the optimal rehabilitation priority (ORP) using a genetic algorithm for sub-areas in term of minimizing the amount of I/I occurring while the rehabilitation process is performed. The benefit obtained by implementing the ORP for rehabilitation of sub-areas is estimated by the only waste water treatment cost (WWTC) of I/I which occurs during the sewer rehabilitation period. The results of the ORP were compared with those of a numerical weighting method (NWM) which is the decision method for the rehabilitation priority in the general sewer rehabilitation practices and the worst order which are other methods to determine the rehabilitation order of sub-areas in field. The ORP reduced the WWTC by 22% compared to the NWM and by 40% compared to the worst order.

유기발광 소자의 수송층 두께 변화에 따른 수치적 해석

이정호,Lee, Jung-Ho 한국전기전자재료학회 2004 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.17 No.12

The OLED research is gone for two directions. One is material development research, and another one is structural improvement part. All two are thing to heighten luminescence efficiency of OLED. n other to improve luminescence efficiency of OLED Electron - hole pairs must consist much more in the device Their profiles are sensitive to mobility velocity of electrons and holes. In this paper, we demonstrate the difference of velocity between hole and electron by experiments, and compare with a data of simulation and experiment changing hole carrier transport layer thickness, so we get the optimal we improve luminescence efficiency. We suggest improving the efficiency of OLEDS would be to balance the injection of electrons and holes into light emission layer of the device. And, we improve understanding of the various luminescence efficiency through experiments and numerical analysis of luminescence efficiency in variable hole carrier transport layer's thickness.