합포체 분석을 위해 R 펩타이드가 결여된 형광 표지 Moloney 마우스레트로바이러스 Molecular Clone 제조

이용진,박진우,이규준,배은혜,박성한,임지현,김새로미,정용태,Lee, Yong-Jin,Park, Jin-Woo,Lee, Kyu-Jun,Bae, Eun-Hye,Park, Sung-Han,Lim, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Sae-Ro-Mi,Jung, Yong-Tae 한국미생물학회 2009 미생물학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Retroviruses enter host cells by membrane fusion between the viral Env proteins on the virus membrane and a virus receptor on the cellular membrane. The envelope protein of the ecotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus is synthesized as a gp85 precursor and is proteolytically cleaved into an extracellular surface unit (SU) and the transmembrane protein (TM). The cytoplasmic tail (16 amino acid; R peptide) of the TM protein is further cleaved by the viral protease during virion maturation. Unlike the wild type Env protrin bearing the R peptide, R peptide-truncated Envelope induces syncytia in susceptible cells. To understand the mechanism of R peptidetruncated Env in syncytium formation, R peptide-truncated Env expressing full-length molecular clone containing EGFP in PRR (proline rich region) of Env was constructed. This molecular clone induced syncytia in transfected NIH3T3 cells, fluorescence was detected in the cytoplasm and at the plasma membrane, while the nuclei did not stain and appeared black by fluorescence microscopy. Interestingly, virions with truncated envelope produced from transfected NIH3T3 cells induced syncytia in NIH3T3 cells, but fluorescence was not detected in the same infected cells. It is believed that cell-free viruses direct the fusion of neighboring cells without infection. Our data suggests that use of EGFP-tagged envelope for monitoring syncytium is a sensitive and convenient method. We also found that virion incorporated the R peptide-truncated Env is able to induce the formation of syncytia by fusion from without. 레트로바이러스는 바이러스 외막과 숙주세포막의 융합에 의해 세포내로 들어간다. Moloney 마우스레트로바이러스(murine leukemia virus)의 외막 단백질은 표면단백질(SU)과 막단백질(TM)을 포함하는 85 kDa의 전구체로 합성되는데 바이러스의 성숙과정에 막단백질의 카르복시 말단 16개의 아미노산(R-peptide)이 바이러스의 프로티아제에 의해 절단된다. R 펩타이드가 절단된 막단백질은 Moloney 마우스레트로바이러스에 대한 수용체를 가진 NIH3T3 세포주에서 합포체(syncytium)를 형성한다. R 펩타이드가 절단된 막단백질의 합포체 형성 기작 연구를 위해 R 펩타이드가 절단되어 있으며 표면단백질의 PRR (proline rich region) 부위가 EGFP로 삽입되어진 Moloney full length molecular clone을 만들었다. 이 clone은 NIH3T3 세포에서 합포체를 형성하였으며 형광이 세포질과 세포막에서 관찰되었으나 핵은 염색이 되지 않고 검게 보여 신속 정확하게 합포체 관찰이 가능하였다. 흥미롭게도 절단된 막단백질을 가진 비리온이 NIH3T3 세포에서 광학현미경으로 관찰하였을때는 합포체를 형성하였으나 형광현미경에서는 형광이 관찰되지 않아서 비리온이 세포감염 없이 바이러스-세포 융합 방식으로 합포체를 형성한 것으로 생각되었다. 본 연구에서는 형광의 발현 여부로 합포체 형성을 신속 정확하게 관찰할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였으며 R 펩타이드가 절단된 비리온이 세포 감염 없이 세포와 세포 사이의 융합을 매개할 수 있음을 밝혔다.

수계 종속영양세균의 소장에 미치는 Azo 계 염료의 영향 및 염료 분해미생물의 분리

이용진,조홍범,최영길,이호용 ( Yong Jin Lee,Hong Bum Cho,Yong Keel Choi,Ho Yong Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1993 생태와 환경 Vol.26 No.2

Effects of Orange II, a kind of azo dye, on heterotrophic bacterial population in Han river were not significantly toxic. Survival rate of the heterotrophic bacteria in each site was shown 22.85-51.31% at 5000 mg/l of Orange II. LD_50 of Orange II are 1000 mg/l or more in each site. Heterotrophic bacteria capable of degrading Orange II as a sole carbon source were not isolated in Han river but isoated Torulopsis sp., a kind of yeast, in wastewater of textile industry. The degradation rate of this isolate was over 90% after 66 hours culture in PAS medium containing 10 mg/l of Orange II and 2% of glucose. Its optimum temperature and pH are 37˚C, pH 7, respectively.

Fe-l6Cr 페라이틱 합금에 증착된 Y-Cr 이층 박막의 800℃ 열처리 후의 구조 및 전기적 특성

이용진,김상우,김긍호,이종호,안진호,Lee, Yong-Jin,Kim, Sang-Woo,Kim, Gyeung-Ho,Lee, Jong-Ho,Ahn, Jin-Ho 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The oxidation behaviors of Y-Cr bilayer deposited on ferritic steel by magnetron-sputtering for application of the Fe-Cr alloys as interconnectors of planar-type solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were studied. After oxidation at $800^{\circ}C$ for 40 hours, the major phase of $Y_2$$O_3$and the minor phase of $YCrO_3$, $Mn_{1.5}$ $Cr_{1.5}$ $O_4$and Cr$_2$SiO$_4$were formed in the Y/Cr bilayered samples, while the major phase of Cr$_2$O$_3$and the minor phase of $Y_2$$O_3$were formed as the major phase in the Cr/Y bilayered samples. The Log(ASR/T) that expresses electric resistance of the Y/Cr coated specimen with nonconducting $_Y2$$O_3$oxide showed high value of -2.80 Ω$\textrm{cm}^2$$K^{-1}$ / and that of the Cr/Y coated specimen with conducting $Cr_2$$O_3$oxide appeared to be -4.11 Ω$\textrm{cm}^2$$^{K}$ . The electric resistance of the Y/Cr coated specimen was largely increased due to the formation of high resistance oxide scales. However, the Cr/Y coated specimen did not show any increase in the electric resistance and had the long-term stability of oxidation because there was no formation of the secondary phases with low conductivity.

턴키공사 설계품질관리에 관한 연구(시공단계의 설계변경을 중심으로)

이용진,이택운,김진영,한충희,김선국,Lee Yong-Jin,Lee Teck-Wn,Kim Jin-Young,Han Choong-Hee,Kim Sun-Kuk 한국건설관리학회 2001 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.2 No.3

본 연구는 턴키공사의 문제점 가운데 설계변경에 있어 부실한 설계관리가 상당한 비중을 차지하고 있음에 착안하여, 당초의 설계물이 시공단계에서 설계변경을 초래하게 하는 제도적 문제점을 찾아보고, 현행 책임감리제도하에서 시공자가 수행하는 현장설계변경 절차를 ISO에서 권고하는 절차와 비교하여 그 개선 방안을 알아보고자 하였다. 설계변경상에서 나타나는 문제점으로는 첫째, 시공단계의 설계변경은 원 설계조직이 기술적 타당성, 전반적 완전성, 품질요건 등 사업 전체적 시각으로 검토하는 절차수립 및 이행이 요구되었으며, 둘째로 효율적인 설계관리를 위해서 사업의 조직 및 분장업무, 기술표준의 결정, 설계문서별 작성기준 등 설계계획 단계에서의 개선이 필요하며, 마지막으로 공동도급업체간 설계품질관리체계를 구축하여 설계정보의 공유, 사전검토, 확인 등으로 설계오류를 최소화하는 것이다. Turnkey project, also called Design-Build project, has been expanding and diversifying its business into the Korean market. However, it has been experiencing numerous difficulties due to a large number of change orders on the public turnkey project. Change order during the construction phase impact on time deliveries, budget and quality on a turnkey project. In preparation for this, the government has to improve the awarding procedure and general conditions for turnkey projects. Contractors should also cooperate with their co-working partners and establish a standardized procedure, which provides change order control for efficient implementation on the construction site.

Analytical model for mean web object transfer latency estimation in the narrowband IoT environment

이용진,Lee, Yong-Jin The Korea Internet of Things Society 2015 한국사물인터넷학회 논문지 Vol.1 No.1

This paper aims to present the mathematical model to find the mean web object transfer latency in the slow-start phase of TCP congestion control mechanism, which is one of the main control techniques of Internet. Mean latency is an important service quality measure of end-user in the network. The application area of the proposed latency model is the narrowband environment including multi-hop wireless network and Internet of Things(IoT), where packet loss occurs in the slow-start phase only due to small window. The model finds the latency considering initial window size and the packet loss rate. Our model shows that for a given packet loss rate, round trip time and initial window size mainly affect the mean web object transfer latency. The proposed model can be applied to estimate the mean response time that end user requires in the IoT service applications. 본 논문은 TCP 혼잡제어 메커니즘의 슬로우-스타트 단계에서 웹 객체의 평균전송 시간을 추정하기 위한 수학적 모델을 제안한다. 평균 지연은 네트워크의 종단 사용자가 필요로 하는 중요한 서비스 품질이다. 제안하는 모델의 적용대상은 작은 윈도우 크기로 인해 패킷손실이 슬로우-스타트 구간에서만 발생하는 멀티-홉 무선 네트워크와 대역폭이 작은 사물 인터넷을 대상으로 한다. 모델은 초기 윈도우 크기와 패킷 손실률을 고려하여 지연시간을 구한다. 제안한 모델은 주어진 패킷손실에 대해 라운드 트립 타임과 초기 윈도우 크기에 따라 주로 영향을 받게 되며, 종단 사용자가 사물 인터넷 응용 서비스에 요구하는 응답시간을 추정하는 데 적용될 수 있다.

정보통신기술 교육을 위한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 학습모델

이용진,Lee, Yong-Jin 한국사물인터넷학회 2016 한국사물인터넷학회 논문지 Vol.2 No.3

본 논문은 기술교육 및 공학교육에서 정보통신기술을 가르칠 때 적용 가능한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 학습모델을 제안한다. 이 모델은 피지컬 컴퓨팅에 기반을 두고 정보의 생성과 정보의 전송을 하나의 프레임 안에서 다루는 것으로 학생들에게 정보와 통신에 대한 종합적인 이해와 실습을 제공한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 학습모델은 클라이언트-서버 구조에 기반을 둔 학습모델과 웹에 기반을 둔 학습모델로 나누어진다. 실제 구현된 학습모델에서 정보의 획득과 제어는 아두이노의 스케치를 통해 이루어지며 정보의 통신은 최근 교육용 플랫폼으로 잘 알려진 라즈베리파이의 파이썬소켓을 이용하여 수행된다. 제안한 학습 모델은 학생들에게 전 세계적인 정보 제어와 통신을 가능하게 해주는 사물 인터넷의 개념을 가르치는 데 사용될 수 있다. This paper aims to present the physical computing learning model applicable in teaching the information and communication technology for technology and engineering education. This model is based on the physical computing and deals with the information creation and information transfer in one framework, thus provides students with the total understanding and practice opportunity about information and communication. The proposed learning models are classified into the client-server based model and the web based model. In the implemented learning model, the acquirement and control of information is performed by sketch on Arduino and the communication of information is performed by the Python socket on Raspberry Pi well known as an education platform. Our proposed learning model can be used for teaching students to understand the concept of Internet of Things (IoT), which provides us with world wide control and communication of information.

자동차용 마찰재에 함유된 세라믹분말의 함량에 따른 마찰특성

이용진,류재경,김택남,Lee, Yong-Jin,Ryu, Jae-Kyung,Kim, Taik-Nam 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.7

The friction characteristics of automotive brake friction materials that contained different ceramic content were investigated. Several kinds of raw materials, such as resin-based binder, reinforcing fiber, friction restraint, abrasive, and filling materials were mixed, pressed, and heated in order to make the brake friction materials. The contents of SiC and $BaSO_4$ changed from 5 vol% to 20 vol%, respectively. In addition to this, the content of $Al_2O_3$ adjusted from 1 vol% to 16 vol%. The surface morphology of the SiC containing sample appeared rough while more debris was observed when the contents of SiC increased. This implies that the SiC containing brake composite was not adequate for the automobile. However, the relatively smooth surface was observed in samples that contained the $Al_2O_3$. But the roughness was low with a content of 11 vol% $Al_2O_3$ compared to the other samples. This is consistent with the abrasive properties of the samples. In the case of $BaSO_4$ containing samples, the smoothes surface was observed in the contents of 15 vol% $BaSO_4$. Thus, it was concluded that the 11 vol% $Al_2O_3$ and 15 vol% $BaSO_4$ containing composite would be the optimum content for the brake composite. Similar to the results of the surface morphology, the abrasion resistance consistently decreased when the content of SiC increased. On the contrary, the sample that contained 11 vol% $Al_2O_3$ and 15 vol% $BaSO_4$ showed the highest abrasion resistance compared to the other samples.

스크리닝을 이용한 건강진단후 건강상담이 $\gamma-GTP$의 변화에 미치는 영향 조사

이용진,안재억,김주자,이병국,Lee, Yong-Jin,Ahn, Jae-Eog,Kim, Joo-Ja,Lee, Byung-Kook 대한예방의학회 1997 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.30 No.3

1,281 male subjects who had been examined more than 3 times for regular check-up in one human dock center of the university hospital were studied between 1990-1995, to evaluate the effect of health counselling with life style and $\gamma-GTP$ value between 1054 normal group without intervention and 227 abnormal group with intervention, ages from 30 to 69 years old. Total mean value of $\gamma-GTP$ was $45.7{\pm}40.7$ unit with highest $\gamma-GTP$ value in age group 50-59 on initial examination. Total abnormal rate was 17.7% with the highest abnormal rate of 18.6% in age group 50-59. Initially, the value of $\gamma-GTP$ was significantly different according to the degree of alcohol intake, relative weight and smoking in normal group(p<0.01) not in abnormal group. In conclusion, the value of $\gamma-GTP$ were significantly increasing in normal group without intervention and significantly decreasing in abnormal group with intervention(p<0.05), which suggests the effect of health counselling, such as the recommendation to change the health behaviour.

경부고속철도 하부 터널관통에 따른 대책검토 및 시공사례

이용진,이민식,최재서,김영익,박노호,Lee, Yong-Jin,Lee, Min-Sik,Choe, Jae-Seo,Kim, Yeong-Ik,Park, No-Ho 한국지반공학회 2014 지반 : 한국지반공학회지 Vol.30 No.8

베트남 밤콩 사장교의 설계

이용진,강정운,배상운,윤연석,노병철,Lee, Yong-Jin,Kang, Jeong-Woon,Bae, Sang-Woon,Yun, Yeon-Suk,Lho, Byeong-Cheol 한국건설순환자원학회 2013 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.1 No.2

밤콩 사장교는 메콩강 삼각주 지역 연결 사업의 일환으로 메콩강 하류의 꾸롱 삼각주에 위치하고 있으며, 중앙경간 450m의 사장교로 설계되었다. 왕복 4차선으로 구성된 강합성 보강형과 멀티 스트랜드 방식의 케이블을 적용하였으며, 개선된 H형 주탑과 현장타설 콘크리트 말뚝 기초로 구성되어 있다. 주탑, 프리캐스트 콘크리트 바닥판 그리고 현장타설 콘크리트 말뚝에는 고강도 콘크리트를 적용하여 구조적 안정성을 확보하였다. 본 고에서는 밤콩 사장교의 설계에 적용된 설계기준 및 주요 설계 특징을 설명하고자 한다. Vam Cong Cable Stayed Bridge which has 450m main span length is one of the Central Mekong Delta Region Connectivity Project and is located in Cuu Long Delta Region. It has steel-concrete composite girder with 4 lane and the type of cable is multi strand cable. The improved H-shape pylon and cast-in-place bored piles were applied. High strength concrete is applied for pylon, precast concrete slab and Cast-in-Situ concrete pile to ensure the structural safety. The present paper describe the design specifications and main features of Vam Cong Cable Stayed Bridge design.