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김홍석 조선대학교 환경연구소 1994 環境公害硏究 Vol.11 No.-
The direct injection stratified charge engine is considered to be an alternative to the conventional spark ignition engines. However, its actual utilization is prevented by high emission of unburnted hydrocarbons during light load operation. In order to solve this problem, an opposed injection stratified charge system with a pair of fuel injectors was examined using a pancake-type constant volume bomb. Unburnted hydrocarbons were reduced greatly as compared with the basic DISC system with a single fuel injector. This effect may be due to the promoted fuel-air mixing and to the increase the flame propagation velocity leaving less amount of over-lean mixture.
비구면 인공수정체와 구면 인공수정체의 술 후 구면수차, 고위수차 및 대비감도의 비교
김홍석,김상우,하병진,김응권,김태임,Hong Seok Kim,Sang Woo Kim,Byung Jin Ha,Eung Kweon Kim,Tae-im Kim 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.8
Purpose: To compare spherical aberration, higher-order aberration, and contrast sensitivity of eyes implanted with aspheric (AcrySof IQ) or spherical (AcrySof Natural) intraocular lenses. Method: Seventy-five eyes implanted with posterior chamber intraocular lenses were divided into two groups: AcrySof IQ (35 eyes) and AcrySof Natural (40 eyes). Wavefront analysis (spherical, higher-order and total aberration) using iTace, and contrast sensitivity (under photopic and mesopic condition) using Optec 6500 were performed at 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Result: One month after surgery, the IQ IOL (intraocular lens) group had lower values of spherical aberration (p<0.001) and higher-order aberration (p=0.048) than the Natural IOL group. The IQ IOL group also showed better contrast sensitivities at 1.5- and 3-cpd spatial frequencies in mesopic conditions. Three months after surgery, the IQ IOL group had less spherical aberration (p<0.001) and higher-order aberration (p=0.027) than the Natural IOL group and showed better contrast sensitivities at the 3-cpd spatial frequency in mesopic conditions. Conclusions: Aspheric AcrySof IQ IOL induced significantly less higher-order aberration and spherical aberration than AcrySof Natural IOL. The contrast sensitivity was better under mesopic conditions in the AcrySof IQ IOL-implanted group. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(8):1256-1262, 2008
김홍석,송선영 한국무예학회 2017 무예연구 Vol.11 No.1
본 연구는 태권도의 저변을 확대하기 위하여 음악과 접목하여 새로운 장르를 형성하고 있는 태권체조를 연구함으로써 태권체조의 존재 가능성과 가치를 모색하고, 앞으로 태권체조의 발전 방향성을 탐색하고자 하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 태권체조는 음악을 이용하여 태권도를 수련하는 것으로 재미와 흥겨움 등 부담감 없이 쉽게 즐기면서 태권도를 수련하는 것으로 무겁고 딱딱한 태권도의 이미지 전환의 계기가 되어 태권도를 유희적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기존의 태권도가 품새의 형식적이고 딱딱한 이미지와 대련이라는 1:1의 긴장된 수련방법으로 자칫 지루해지고 무겁게 느껴지던 과정을 대상에 따라 난이도를 조절하고 자유롭게 구성하여 창조적으로 수련 가능한 것으로 인식하였다. 셋째, 쉽고 재밌게 구성하여 대상의 수준에 맞게 태권도의 모습을 변화시킬 수 있는 장점이 태권체조에 있으며 보는 이들로 하여금 태권도에 흥미를 가지고 거부감 없이 접해보도록 유도할 수 있는 것으로 인식하였다. This study aims to explore a subsequent directionality, to expand the foundation and to improve the quality of the Taekwondo program by analyzing the recognition of Taekwondo majors who will become instructors for Taekwondo on Taekwondo aerobics. This study investigates the cognition, values and developmental methods of college students who have received formal Taekwondo aerobics training and will be in charge of the future Taekwondo. In order to conduct this study, research participants were selected from students who have conducted and implemented research on Taekwondo aerobics. The results are as follows. First, they recognize Taekwondo aerobics as an enjoyable form of Taekwondo since they think Taekwondo aerobics allow students to train Taekwondo with joy and amusement in conjunction with music. Second, Taekwondo aerobics allow students to train creatively by easily adjusting levels and freely configuring the form. Third, Taekwondo aerobics enable Taekwondo to change its form to adjust its level to recipients by configuring the form joyfully and straightforwardly.
동측 신무형성증과 동반된 거대 정낭 낭종의 복강경하 절제술
김홍석,천성엽,차재성,김형진,김영곤,정영범 대한비뇨의학회 2004 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.45 No.7
Seminal vesicle cysts associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis are very rare, with most being congenital, and two-thirds associated with renal dysplasia or agenesis and ectopic ureter opening into the seminal vesicle. When they are symptomatic, surgical excision has been the treatment of choice. Herein, a case of a symptomatic giant seminal vesicle cyst associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis is reported, which was treated by laparoscopic excision. (Korean J Urol 2004;45:735-738)
조제분유와 건조호박에서 Cronobacter spp. 검출을 위한 두 가지 선택배지와 Real-time PCR의 비교검증
김홍석,신민정,천정환,임종수,김영지,김동현,장호석,김현숙,엄애선,오덕환,송광영,서건호 한국식품위생안전성학회 2016 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.31 No.6
In the present study, the performance of culture methods using two selective agars and real-time PCR were compared for selective isolation of Cronobacter in powdered infant formula and dried pumpkin. Two food samples were spiked with the pathogen and then preenriched in distilled water. A small portion of preenrichment (10 mL) was incubated in Enterobacteriaceae enrichment both, followed by inoculation onto Druggan-Forsythe-Iversen agar(DFI agar) and Cronobacter sakazakii chromogenic plating agar(R&F agar). The preenrichment and enrichment (1 mL each) was used in real-time PCR assay. In powdered infant formula(PIF), no statistical difference was observed between both culture methods and real-time PCR with preenrichemt (p > 0.05). However, the number of positives obtained by R&F agar and real-time PCR was much higher than that of culture method using DFI agar in dried pumpkin (p < 0.05). In particular, R&F agar yielded a significantly greater selectivity than DFI agar in dried pumpkin (p < 0.05). Real-time PCR and R&F agar, which are currently recommended by US FDA, could be used as an alternative detection tools for the isolation of Cronobacter in PIF and ingredient of child foods such as dried pumpkin that has high number of competing natural microflora.