Rousseau의 宗敎思想에 關한 一硏究 : Emile을 中心으로

金東一 한국교육철학회 1990 교육철학 Vol.8 No.-

I have studied about his religion on the Emile of Jean Jaques Rousseau. First, his viewpoint of God is not to study a systematical theology but the conception of God that he considered is found in his viewpoint of nature;namely, it is presented the religion based on nature. It is believed that nature has God everywhere. He takes near position to pantheistic theory. Rousseau's God is a Creator, nature-itself and goodness -itself. It is considered that God exists and almighty God wants goodness. Therefore it is also considered that God is supreme goodness and sureme righteousness. Because God creates goodness. He can not create evil at the same time. Evil is created by man in the course of his lifetime and it is surmounted by will that man has. Second, his viewpoint of faith is started from natural religion that has nothing to do with Christianity. Criticism about Christianity is expressed by his lively experience at that time. Therefore his faith and viewpoint of religion are known by his conscience and feeling rather than his dogma. He tried to understand the religion on human position. This is his unique natural religion. He lived in a religious faith and did not live without religion. From this viewpoint he made religious doctrine on the base of nature and reason. Nature that he considered is only a book which is extended to everyone and he is spreading his religious doctrine through his book. Third, his faith principles are; First article is admitted the existence of God. And every existence is proved the cause. Will is a cause of motive power to move substance and lets a true act exist. He believed that will moved the world and endowed the natural world with life. Second article is admitted the existence of God to keep the order. The existence of God is actually existed. It is called God that moves all the materials and endows the order to all things. Third article is meant that freedom and soul of man is not material but spirit. Therefore man is small universe. If there is no freedom, there is no true will.

애엽 분말환을 이용한 질강내 훈증ㆍ훈연 및 온열 치료기(허브컴)의 한방부인과 임상응용에 관한 연구 1

김동일,곽금화,이태균 대한한방부인과학회 2002 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

재난대응 정신건강·위기상담 가이드라인의 분석: 트라우마 개입의 중다 지침을 위한 서설

김동일,이윤희,김경은,안지영 한국상담학회 2015 상담학연구 Vol.16 No.3

The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive psychological support guideline for post-traumatic stress to which people can refer when proper psychological support is needed after a disaster. This study analysed contents of the media for disaster psychological support including handbooks, editorials, websites and mobile applications. This study selected contents that were considered as proper psychological supports for traumatic events such as a national disaster, and in the final analysis, 11 handbooks, 20 editorials, 5 websites and 11 mobile applications were included. For the analysis, inductive analysis, which was to find out a general pattern through exploring new phenomena or looking at previous data, was used. As a result, the disaster psychological support guidelines were classified as subject, period and stage. The subjects include mental health professionals, school officials(crisis management committee, school counselors and teachers) and the general public(the person directly involved, friends and families). The period was divided into ‘Immediately after the disaster’, ‘Ater the disaster’, ‘Follow-up management’ for the mental health professionals, and into ‘Before the resumption of school’, ‘After the resumption of school’ and ‘Follow-up management’ for the school officials. Additionally, each period was divided into specific stages according to the roles of each subject. This study integrated and rearranged the disaster support guidelines that were provided sporadically, so that it is possible to identify what was said in the existing psychological guidelines so far. By doing so, the areas which need to be supplemented were identified, and suggestions for effective disaster psychological support in the future are provided. 본 연구는 재난 대응 심리 개입이 신속하고 적절하게 이루어질 수 있도록 각 주체가 해당 단계에 따라 참조할 수 있는 외상 대응 정신건강․위기상담 지침을 개관하고 공통적 속성을 탐색하고자 수행되었다. 이에 해외의 대표적 사례를 포함하여 국내 매체에서 제시하는 재난 대응 심리지원 매뉴얼, 전문 학회 및 기관의 지침, 기사, 스마트폰 앱의 위기상담 개입 내용을 분석하였다. 분석 대상은 국가적인 재난 및 트라우마 사건의 발생 시 심리적 지원 및 개입으로 적절하다고 판단되는 내용을 선정하였다. 최종적으로 분석된 자료는 매뉴얼 11건, 기사 및 칼럼 20건, 웹사이트 5건, 애플리케이션 11건이다. 자료 분석은 구체적인 관찰을 통해 일반적 패턴을 찾는 귀납적 분석 방법(Inductive Analysis)을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 재난 대응 정신건강 및 위기상담 가이드라인은 대상별, 시기별, 단계별로 분류할 수 있었다. 대상은 정신건강 및 위기상담 전문가, 학교 관계자(학교 위기관리 위원회, 전문상담교사, 교사), 재난피해자(당사자, 친구, 가족), 일반인으로 구분하였다. 시기는 전문가의 경우, 재난 발생 직후, 재난 발생 이후, 사후 관리로 구분하였으며, 학교 관계자의 경우, 학교 정상 재개 이전, 학교 정상 재개 이후, 사후관리)로 분류하였다. 또한 시기별로 각 대상의 역할에 따라 다시 세부 단계로 구분하였다. 본 연구는 산발적으로 제시되고 있던 국내 재난 대응 가이드라인을 정리함으로써 현재 이루어지고 있는 재난 대응 심리지원 가이드라인의 내용을 확인하였고, 이를 통해 향후 효과적인 재난 대응 위기상담 지원을 위해 보완이 필요한 영역과 나아갈 방향에 대한 시사점을 제공하였다.

다양한 문화ㆍ언어적 배경을 지닌 장애위험아동을 위한 교육적 지원 방향 및 교사 역할 탐색 : 중재반응(Response to Intervention)체제를 중심으로

김동일,고혜정,박유정,최나리 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2013 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.52 No.1

Recently there has been a huge increase in the number of students with culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds (CLDS) in Korea. Due to a lack of understanding on linguistic and cognitive abilities CLDSs show in school settings, they are often overrepresented in the learning disabilities (LD) category, and these referrals usually lead to entry into special education. As a way to explore a conceptual and suggestive model, Response to Intervention (RTI) framework is employed to provide appropriate educational services for them. For each phase within a multi-tiered system of RTI, the roles general and special education teacher play are recommended as well as useful tips for instruction and the utilization of guidelines for assessment. Critical issues and challenges with regards to assessment and identification, teacher preparation and professional development, and legal and policy issues and future directions are discussed. 최근 우리나라 학교에서 문화ㆍ언어적으로 다양성을 지닌 다문화 학생의 수가 점점 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 다문화 아동의 언어 및 인지 능력에 대한 이해의 부족에서 기인한 부적절한 장애진단 의뢰와 판별 결과는 특수교육 배치뿐만 아니라 교육 제공의 주체 및 교육의 질과도 관련되어 있는 문제이다. 본 연구에서는 미국을 중심으로 제안된 중재반응(RTI)모형에 근거하여 문화적, 언어적 다양성을 지닌 학생들에게 필요한 일반교육과 특수교육 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 개념 모델을 기존 연구 문헌을 통해 탐색해보고자 한다. 특히, RTI 각 단계에서 이들에게 적절한 서비스 프로그램을 제공해줄 수 있는 일반교사와 특수교사의 역할 및 문화ㆍ언어적 역량 함양을 위한 전문성 발전의 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

Inhibitory effect of the Scutellaria barbata Don water-extracts on the growth and DNA incorporation of human cancer cells

김동일 대한한의학회 2006 대한한의학회지 Vol.27 No.4

The water-extracts of Scutellaria barbata Don (SBDE) were isolated from Chinese medicinal plant sources. The extracts showed strong growth-inhibitory activity and cancer chemopreventive activity on the growth and DNA incorporation of MG63 human osteosarcoma and K562 human leukemia cell lines. The growth of human cancer cells was inhibited in the presence of the extracts (20, 50 and 100 ㎍/㎖), and the effects were concentration-dependent and incubation time-dependent up to 8 days. When 50 ㎍/㎖ of the extracts was added to the media of MG63 and K562, cell growth after 8 days or 6 days of incubation was retarded by 93.2 to 97.3% of the control group. Morphological changes of MG63 and K562 cell lines were observed. As the concentration of the extracts increased up to 50 ㎍/㎖, degree of cell aggregation decreased. Moreover, the DNA incorporation of the cells which were labeled with [3H] thymidine was significantly reduced after 3 days of incubation at 37℃ with the extract. Therefore, it is suggested that the extract is highly effective on inhibition of cancer cell growth. The extract also inhibited gene expression of IGF-Ⅱ in transcriptional level. Since IGF-Ⅱ works as a mitogenic effector on MG63 and K562 cell lines, these results suggest that the growth inhibition is in part mediated through the inhibition of IGF- Ⅱ gene expression. The water-extracts of Scutellaria barbata Don (SBDE) were isolated from Chinese medicinal plant sources. The extracts showed strong growth-inhibitory activity and cancer chemopreventive activity on the growth and DNA incorporation of MG63 human osteosarcoma and K562 human leukemia cell lines. The growth of human cancer cells was inhibited in the presence of the extracts (20, 50 and 100 ㎍/㎖), and the effects were concentration-dependent and incubation time-dependent up to 8 days. When 50 ㎍/㎖ of the extracts was added to the media of MG63 and K562, cell growth after 8 days or 6 days of incubation was retarded by 93.2 to 97.3% of the control group. Morphological changes of MG63 and K562 cell lines were observed. As the concentration of the extracts increased up to 50 ㎍/㎖, degree of cell aggregation decreased. Moreover, the DNA incorporation of the cells which were labeled with [3H] thymidine was significantly reduced after 3 days of incubation at 37℃ with the extract. Therefore, it is suggested that the extract is highly effective on inhibition of cancer cell growth. The extract also inhibited gene expression of IGF-Ⅱ in transcriptional level. Since IGF-Ⅱ works as a mitogenic effector on MG63 and K562 cell lines, these results suggest that the growth inhibition is in part mediated through the inhibition of IGF- Ⅱ gene expression.

A Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Acupuncture on Hot Flashes in Postmenopausal Women

김동일,노진주,최민선,이승덕,노주원,윤상호,안홍엽,오대석,최선미 대한한의학회 2007 대한한의학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Objective : In this study we wanted to confirm if proper stimulation and de-Qi of traditional Korean medical acupuncture could increase hot flash relief efficacy. Design : A randomized controlled, single blind study. We used two modalities of acupuncture, one with optimal stimulation [Study group; Korean medical acupuncture (TKMA)] and one with minimal stimulation [Control group; Minimal acupuncture (MA)]. Same acupoints [PC6(內關), HT8(少府), HT7(神門), LI4(合谷), ST36(足三里), SP6(三陰交), Ren4(關元)] were used in both groups. Fifty-two patients were treated twice a week for 8 weeks, and follow-up was done after 4 weeks from the last treatment. Patients were checked hot flash VAS (visual analog scale), frequency and duration every time they visited. Results : Hot flash relief efficacy by 100mm hot flash VAS was obvious in both groups. Hot flash VAS scores of study group were smaller than the scores of control group at the early stage (3rd, 4th and 8th visit), but there wasn't a remarkable difference between study and control group at the end of the trial. Besides, diminution of hot flash VAS was faster and more even in the study group than control group by visualization using ‘Box plot’. We compared frequency and duration of hot flash, 100mm sweating, palpitation, sleep disturbance VAS, and Kupperman Index, MENQOL, Patient's global assessment score. Both groups showed definite decrease from the baseline, but the difference was not statistically significant. There wasn't any adverse event. Hot flash relief efficacy was kept in most patients after 4 weeks' follow-up. Conclusion : Acupoint combination by Traditional Korean medical theory is effective on hot flashes and hot flash relief efficacy was faster and more even in optimal stimulation than minimal stimulation.

창의성의 사회학 : 스티브 잡스의 혁신에 관한 상징투쟁론적 재해석

김동일 한국사고와표현학회 2016 사고와표현 Vol.9 No.1

This paper has two purposes. First, it aims to examine various sociological resourses including Max Weber's Charisma, 'the practice' of symbolic interactionism, Arnold Hauser's social determinism on style change, Barry Barnes' social interest model, and Pierre Bourdieu's symbolic struggle. In these concepts trying to explain creativity in sociological view, I concentrate the Bourdieu's theory, the concept of symbolic struggle is made up of two separate aspects. The one is the 'in-struggle' where participants try to achieve the recognition for their differentiated position from their colleagues within the same field, and the other is 'out-struggle' where the attemt to achieve the authority of their cultural products is carried out from mass in social world. Second, I apply the concept symbolic struggle to Steve Jobs' case. Jobs was the symbolic struggler that pursued not the economical interest but the cultural differentiation. Jobs made the products of Apple the symbol of innovation. 본 논문은 두 가지 목적을 갖는다. 첫째 창의성을 설명하는 다양한 사회학적이론들을 살펴 보고자 한다. 여기에는 베버의 카리스마 개념, 상징적 상호작용론을 원용한 행위자의 ‘실천’ 개념, 양식 변화에 대한 하우저의 사회적 결정론, 반즈의 사회적 이해관계 모델, 그리고 부르디외의 ‘상징투쟁’ 등의 사회학적 자원들이 검토된다. 특히 부르디외의 상징투쟁 개념은 문화적 차별화를 성취하려는 장내 투쟁과 장 밖 사회세계의 대중으로부터 그 권위를 인정받으려는 장 외부 투쟁으로 이루어진다. 둘째 연구자는 창의성에 관한 사회학적 분석을 부분적으로 스티브 잡스의 사례에 적용하고자 한다. 잡스가 추구했던 것은 단순한 경제적 이윤이 아니라 문화적 차별화를 성취하려는 이중적 상징투쟁이었다. 잡스는 애플이생산하는 제품이 다른 제품들과의 차이에 대한 배타적 인정을 얻기를 원했고, 그러한 노력은 비용을 절감하고 수익을 제고하는 비즈니스 모델과는 구분되는 문화적 투쟁에 가깝다.

인지학습의 교육적 적용 : Metacognitive Strategies for Students with Learning Disabilities 학습장애아동을 위한 상위인지전략 교수

김동일 仁川敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 1999 교육논총 Vol.16 No.-

The term "metacognition" refers to one's knowledge concerning one's own cognitive processes and products of anything related to them. Concerning the relationship between metacognition with the learning disabilities, the strategy-deficit model of the learning disabilities is suggested. According to the strategy-deficit model, children with learning disabilities are viewed as inefficient learners who have poor or few strategies for solving academic problems. This deficiency leads to an inability to reach the academic potential. Within the strategy-deficit viewpoint, metacognitive theory and practice have relevance to both research and instruction for students with learning disabilities. In this vein, this paper covers a model and definition of metacognition and discussion of the impact of metacognitive strategies on the research of learning disabilities. Then, guidelines for teaching metacognitive strategies are detailed. The numerous current metacognitive strategies are reviewed in two aspects. First, specific strategies of aquisition, storage, and expression of information are introduced, including visual imagery, self-questioning, story mapping, and mnemonics. Second, comprehensive strategies for teaching students with learning disabilities, such as reciprocal teaching and strategies intervention model, are explored. Lastly, an implication of teaching the metacognitve strategies for students with learning disabilities is discussed.

Semi-Supervised Support Vector Regression을 위한 학습 데이터 선택

김동일,이승경,조성준 대한산업공학회 2012 대한산업공학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

장애대학생을 위한 생태학적 접근의 협력적 지원 체제 구축 방안

김동일,손지영,김희진,강영아,정소라 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2009 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.48 No.4

Nowadays, the importance of support system in higher education has been growing rapidly for students with disabilities. In order to establish support system, ecological factors surrounding students in college should be considered. The purpose of the study is to identify support system for college students with disabilities according to an ecological approach. Interviews of ten experts in the policy making, college support, and research for disabled students were implemented, and then each individual case was analyzed through qualitative analytical methods. The results of the study reveal the strategies to establish effective support system in college in terms of three dimensions as follows: 1) support from the college institutions as microsystem, 2) support from other colleges and community centers as exosystem, 3) support of national policy and disability awareness as macrosystem. 고등교육에서 장애대학생의 학습권 보장에 대한 필요성이 절실하게 제기되고 있으며 실제 새롭게 제정된 특수교육법을 통해 구체적인 방안들이 모색되어가고 있다. 보다 실질적인 차원으로 장애대학생 학습권을 보장하기 위해서는 고등교육 환경의 여러 요소들의 협력적 지원 체제 구축이 요구된다. 이러한 고등교육의 환경적 요소들은 상호연관성을 가지며 구조화된 생태학적 접근과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 장애대학생의 학습권 증진을 위한 협력적인 지원 체제 구축 방안을 생태학적 접근에 근거하여 구안하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 장애학생 고등교육 정책담당자, 국내외 대학 장애학생지원 실무자, 장애학생 고등교육 전문가 총 10명을 대상으로 면담조사를 실시하였으며, 면담 자료는 질적 자료를 분석하는 내용분석 방법을 사용해 결론을 도출하였다. 본 연구 결과에서는 생태학적 접근의 미시적 체계에 속하는 대학 내의 협력적 지원 체제, 외체계로서 외부 기관들과의 협력적 지원 체제, 거시체계로서 국가 제도 및 인식 개선의 협력적 지원으로 구분하여 장애학생지원체제 구축 방안을 제시하였다.