한국 정상 성인 남자에서의 혈청 총 쿨레스테롤치 변화에 관한 최근 5년간 추적조사 - 포항 지역 거주 직장인을 대상으로 -

김경현(Kyung Hyun Kim),이재성(Jae Seung Lee),박태규(Tae Gyu Park),김희식(Hee Sik Kim),하영준(Young Jun Ha),남시현(Si Hyun Nam),김종연(Jong Yeun Kim) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.2

N/A Objectives : The serum total cholesterol is supposed to be increased as dietary pattern is westernized recently in our country. We studied the longitudinal change of serum total cholesterol levels in normal adult Korean male workers and analyzed the influence of lifestyle on change of serum total cholesterol levels. Methods : The 7677 healthy adult male workers were studied during recent 5years(1992 and 1997). Those who suffered from hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, nephritis were excluded. Those who ingested antilipidemic drugs were also excluded. Serum total cholesterol were measured by the same enzymatic method and their levels were analyzed during fasting state. Data on lifestyle were obtained using self administered questionnaires. Results : 1) The serum total cholesterol levels increased by 9.45±23.99mg/dl(1.89mg/dl per year) between 1992 and 1997 surveys. 2) The increment of serum total cholesterol levels was most prominent in the twenties (3.45mg/dl per year) and less prominent in 5th, 6th decades. 3) A change of 1kg/m2 in body mass index contributed a change of 3.449mg/dl in serum total cholesterol. 4) The change of body mass index(BMI) was most significantly correlated with that of serum total cholesterol levels among the influencing variables.( =3.449 p=0.0001 r2=0.035) 5) The changed value of serum total cholesterol levels was significantly correlated with smoking and exercise, however, was not significantly correlated with the amount of alcohol ingestion. Conclusion : The serum total cholesterol levels increased by 9.45mg/dl(1.89mg/dl per year) during recent 5 years. The increment of serum total cholesterol levels was more prominent in younger age group. The changed value of BMI was most strongly correlated with that of serum total cholesterol levels of all influencing variables.

平胃導痰湯이 高脂肪食餌性 高脂血症 白鼠에 미치는 影響

朴元煥 대한동의병리학회 1996 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.10 No.2

高脂血症은 血液속의 脂質性分이 보통 이상으로 增加된 狀態이며, 高脂血症의 發生原因은 原發性과 績發性이 있으며 이로 말미암아 發生한 高脂血症은 過多한 脂肪質의 蓄積으로 動脈硬化症, 肥滿症, 糖尿病등을 招來할 수 있다. 특히 脂肪質의 以上蓄積은 動脈硬化症의 原因 중에서도 가장 위험한 仁者로 알려져 있다. 오늘날 成人病을 誘發시키는 發病因子중에 高脂血症이 차지하는 比率이 날로 增加하는 趨勢이므로, 韓醫學의 痰陰·瘀血理論과 接近을 시키고 韓醫學的 方法으로 脂肪質의 蓄積으로 오는 成人病을 解決하는 것이 硏究의 目標이며 이를 위해 高脂血症의 病態模型에 痰濁, 濕濁등의 治療에 많이 活用되며 平胃導痰湯을 復用시킨 후, 高脂肪性高脂血症病態誘發과 이에 대한 治療效果르 硏究하기 위하여, 白鼠의 血淸脂質에 包含되어 있는 酵素活性度에 대한 影響을 觀察하였다. 血淸중 total-cholesterol, triglyceride와 β-lipoprotein 含量에 미치는 影響은 正常群에 비해서 對照群에서 모두 增加되어 나타났으며, 平胃導痰湯을 復用시킨 實驗群에서는 對照群에 비해서 모두 減少되는 變化가 나타났다. 血淸 중 HDL과 phospholipid 含量에 미치는 影響은 正常群에 비해서 對照群에서 모두 減少되어 나타났으며, 平胃導痰湯을 復用시킨 實驗群에서 對照群에 비해서 增加되는 變化가 나타났다. 또한 血淸중 total-cholesterol 含量에 대한 HDL 含量의 比率과 total-cholesterol 含量에 대한 phospholipid 含量의 比率은 正常群에 비해서 對照群에서 모두 減少되었으며, 對照群에 비해서 實驗群에서는 모두 增加되는 比率이 나타났다. 平胃導痰湯은 高脂肪性固形飼料를 自由攝取시켜 만들어지는 白鼠의 高脂血症病態에 有意할 만한 治療效果가 있는 것으로 認定되었으며, 아울러 高脂肪性??食物로 인한 脂質大事障碍나 그로 인한 高脂血症 및 動脈硬化疾患의 治療硏究에 더 많은 應用이 可能하다고 思料된다. Diet is the fundamental condition for human beings to live in good health. An improper diet can affect the physiological functions of the viscera and reduce the organism's resistance to disease. Thus becoming pathogenic factors. In particular, a heavy and fatty diet can increase opportunity for adults to become infected by diseases. Blood lipids are composed of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and free fatty acids. Hyperlipidemia implies the increased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in the plasma. It is closely related to atherosclerosis. As blood lipids are transported in the form of lipoprotein, hyperlidemia can also manifest itself as hyperlipoproteinemia. Hyperlipidemia is included in the categoreis of “xuan yun”(vertigo), “tan zhuo”(phlegm syndrome) and others in Oriental medicine. Retention of phlegm and fluid is pathological products in the body, which manifest themselves through the course of illness. When retention of phlegm and fluid developes, it can act directly or indirectly, effect certain tissues or organs in the human body. Thus, causing new phtholoical chagnes, and forming various syndromes. therefore it become also a group of pathogenic factors. In oriental medicine differentiation and treatment of hyperlipidemia are divided into deficiency of the Liver-yin, Kidney-yin and retention of Damp-heat in the interior. Therapeutic principle of deficiency of the Liver-yin and Kidney-yin, is nourishing the liver-yin and kidney-yin. Therapeutic principle of retention of Damp-heat in the lnterior is eliminating pathogenic damness and heat. Pungwidodamtang had used a prescirption for this experiment, and was recorded in “Zung in Mak Chi〈症因脈治〉”. Pungwidodamtang is a comman remedy for the treatment of dampness-phlegm, stomachache, vomiting, nausea, salivation and also applied widly for other uses, This prescription is combined Pungwisan with Dodamtang. Pung-wi-san is a representative prescription for drying dampness evil and promoting the function of the spleen. The action of Pung-wi-san is regulating the function of the spleen and strengthening the stomach and activating circulation of vital energy. Pung-wi-wan has a therapy action which is used for cases due to stagnation of dampness evil in the spleen and stomach and functional disorders of vital energy. Thses can be manifested as abdominal fullness, anorexia, vomiting, nausea, a heavy sensation over the body, tiredness, loose stools, white and thick greasy fur on the tongue, show pulse, etc. The action of Dodamtang is drying dampness, eliminating phlegm and activating vital energy. Do-dam-tang has a therapy action used primarily for cases due to phlegm syndrome accompanied with coma or coldness of extremities. These can be manifested as dizziness, feeling of stagnation over the chest, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, anorexia, while and smooth fur on the tongue, wiry and smooth pulse. Hence, Pungwidodamtang is the prescription to use for invigorating the spleen, and promote diuresis to eliminate the wetness-evil from the lower warmer. Thus it can be used as a clinical application for the treatment hyperlipidemia. In order to study the effects of the Pungwidodamtang on high lipid diet-hyperlipidemia rats, white rats were divided into 4 groups. One group(Control group) was induced by high lipid solid feed for 35 days. Two groups(test 1, 2 groups) were treated Pungwidodamtang for 28 days from experiment-1 week after. The other group(Normal group)was not induced. Then, each of these groups were compaired and measured in the quantity of total-cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, phospholipid, β-lipoprotein, the rate of total-cholesterol versus HDL and total-cholesterol versus phospho-lipid in their serum. 1. We noticed the decrease in the quantity of “total-cholesterol, triglyceride and β-lipoprotein” in sample-groups 1 and 2 as compaired with the control groups. Particularly noticeably significant results approached during the 3th, 4th, 5th, week in sample-group 1. 2. We noticed the increase in the quantity of HDL and phospholipid in sample-groups 1 and 2. However the quantity of HDL showed an increase in each week of the experiment whereas the quantity of phosopholipid only showed significant increase in the 4th and 5th weeks. 3. Rate of total-cholesterol versus HDL and total-cholesterol versus phospholipid were increased in both sample-groups 1 and 2 as compaired with the control groups. Thus, the change of the quantity of total-cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and β-lipoprotein was influenced with hyperlipid solid and Pung-wi-do-dam-tang. Pung-wi-do-dam-tang had a noticeable therapeutic effect for hyper lipid diet-hyperlipidemia pattern. Therefore, Pung-wi-do-dam-tang can be applied as an effective therapy for disturbance of lipid metabolism induced hyper lipid diet, Hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis induced disturbance of lipid metabolism.

중년 남성 근로자에서 신체 적합도, 여가중 신체 활동과 혈중 지질 농도

김장락,남복동,김주호,이송권,문중갑,이장호,홍대용,Kim, Jang-Rak,Nam, Bock-Dong,Kim, Ju-Ho,Lee, Song-Kwon,Moon, Joong-Kap,Lee, Jang-Ho,Hong, Dae-Yong 대한예방의학회 1996 예방의학회지 Vol.29 No.2

본 연구는 40세 이상 중년의 남자 근로자 253명을 대상으로 신체 적합도 및 여가중 신체 활동과 혈중 지질 중 심혈관질환 발생에 특히 중요한 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값, HDL 콜레스테롤 값 및 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와의 관련성을 알아 보기 위하여 시도된 단면조사연구이다. 단순분석에서 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관 관계가 있는 변수는 신체 적합도(r=-0.27), 비만지수(r=0.27)였다. 여가중 신체 활동은 총콜레스테롤 값이 170mg/dl 이상군에서만 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관관계(r= -0.20)가 있었다. HDL 콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 변수들은 신체 적합도(r=0.15), 비만지수(r=-0.22)및 1주간 음주량(r=0.14)이였다. 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와 유의한 상관관계가 있는 변수들은 신체 적합도(r=0.23), 비만지수(r=0.32), 총흡연지수(r=0.13), 1주간 음주량(r=-0.13) 및 야채 선호도(r=0.13)이었다. 신체 적합도는 안정시 맥박수와 중등도의 상관관계(r=-0.66)가 있었고, 여가중 신체 활동(r=0.19)및 비만지수(r=-0.18)와도 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 다중회귀분석(Multiple linear regression) 결과 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 신체 적합도(beta=-0.23)와 비만지수(beta=0.18)이었다. HDL 콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 비만지수(beta=-0.25)뿐이었다. 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 비만지수(beta=0.30)와 신체 적합도(beta=-0.16) 및 야채선호도(beta=0.14)이었다. 결론적으로 중년 남성 근로자들에서 신체 적합도는 비만지수와 함께 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값, HDL 콜레스테롤 값, 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비의 중요한 관련 요인이었다. 여가중 신체 활동은 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값이 170mg/dl 이상인 군에서만 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 관계가 있었고, 신체 적합도와는 관련성이 유의하지만 크지 않았다. 따라서 신체 적합도가 여가중 신체 활동보다 혈중 지질 농도의 더 중요한 관련요인이며, 앞으로 신체 활동에 관련된 역학적 연구에서 신체 적합도가 독립적이고 중요한 요인으로 추가되어야 할 것이다. This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the relationships between physical fitness, leisure time physical activity, and serum lipid levels in middle-aged male workers. Physical fitness was measured by a step test score, and leisure time physical activity was self-reported on a questionnaire. Serum total cholesterol was negatively related to physical fitness(r=-0.27), and positively to obesity index(r=0.27). But leisure time physical activity was related to total cholesterol negatively(r=-0.20) only in subjects whose total cholesterol levels were above 170mg/dl. High density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol was positively related to physical fitness(r=0.15), negatively to obestiy index(r=-0.22), and positively to weekly alcohol consumption(r=0.14). Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was related to physical fitness(r=-0.23), obesity index(r=0.32), total cigarette index (r=0.13), weekly alcohol consumption(r=-0.13), and vegetable preference(r=0.13). Physical fitness was also related to leisure time physical activity(r=0.19) and obesity index(r=-0.18). In multiple linear regression models, physical fitness(beta=-0.23) and obesity index(beta=0.18) were significantly associated with total cholesterol, obesity index(beta=-0.25) with HDLcholesterol, and obesity index(beta=0.30), physical fitness(beta=-0.16) and vegetable preference (beta=0.14) with total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. In conclusion, as physical fitness has a stronger relationship with serum lipid levels than leisure time physical activity, and the association between physical fitness and leisure time physical activity is modest, physical fitness should be added as an important variable in addition to activity in future epidemiologic studies.

MAL추출물이 고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여한 토끼의 콜레스테롤 대사에 미치는 영향

박종배,이혜숙,황석연,홍승복,김희동,윤치영 한국피부과학연구원 2011 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.9 No.1

To investigate the effect of MAL(plant extracts) on cholesterol metabolism, male New Zealand White rabbits which were fed on high-cholesterol diet for 2 weeks were divided into the following 5 groups and fed on the experimental diet for 8 weeks : a normal diet group(ND, n=6), a high-cholesterol diet group(HCD, n=6), a high-cholesterol diet and lovastatin0.002%(HCD+lovastatin0.002%, n=6), a high-cholesterol diet and MAL 1% group(HCD+MAL1%, n=6), a high fat diet and MAL3% group(HCD+3%, n=6). The levels of blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were greatly increased by 2 weeks feeding on the high-cholesterol diet, compared with those of rabbits fed on normal diet. Blood concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol increased in HCD group after 8 weeks, whereas HDL-cholesterol significantly decreased. In the HCD+lovastatin0.002% group, the levels of blood total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced but there was no significant change in HDL-cholesterol. In the HCD+MAL1% group, the levels of blood triglyceride was decreased, but not in blood concentrations of total cholesterol. In the HCD+MAL3% group, the levels of blood total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol reduced, in addition to less-severe decrease in HDL-cholesterol. The level of ALT and AST significantly increased in the HCD+lovastatin0.002% group, but not in groups fed MAL diets. These results suggest that MAL may improve lipid metabolism of serum and potentially reduce lipid storage. 본 연구는 고콜레스테롤식이를 한 토끼에서 생약추출물인 MAL의 효과를 알아보기 위하여, 시험물질 투여 전 2주간 고콜레스테롤 식이를 하여 혈중 콜레스테롤 수치가 약 900~1,000 mg/㎗에 이르는 토끼를 대상으로 고콜레스테롤 식이와 MAL을 투여함으로써 간조직과 혈액의 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 정상사료 투여군(음성대조군), 고콜레스테롤 사료 투여군(양성대조군), 고콜레스테롤+lovastatin 투여군(비교시험군), 고콜레스테롤+1% MAL투여군, 고콜레스테롤+3% MAL투여군으로 분리하여 8주간 관찰하였다. 8주간의 실험식이를 급여한 결과 시험물질 1% 투여군의 경우 중성지방은 낮추어 주었지만 총 콜레스테롤을 낮추지는 못한 반면, 시험물질 3% 투여군의 경우는 비교시험군처럼 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤 수치를 감소시켰고 HDL-콜레스테롤 수치의 저하를 예방하였다. ALT와 AST 활성에서는 8주전에 비하여 양성대조군은 증가하지 않았고, 비교시험군에서는 각 각 9.9배, 7.6배의 증가를 나타내어 간손상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 반면, 시험물질 투여한 토끼에서는 거의 변화가 없어서 전혀 간손상을 유발하지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 생약추출물인 MAL이 고콜레스테롤 식이로 인한 혈중 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤 및 중성지방의 농도를 감소시키고 혈중 HDL-콜레스테롤의 감소폭을 줄임으로서 혈중 콜레스테롤 축적을 효과적으로 억제하는 작용을 하는 것으로 사료되어진다.

內關·足三里穴의 何首烏藥針이 高콜레스테롤 血症 病態 白鼠에 미치는 影響

朴元煥 대한동의병리학회 2000 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.14 No.1

血液中의 脂肪은 우리 몸의 新陳代謝에 필요한 成分이다. 그러나 그 濃度가 높아질때에는 高止血證을 일으키고 나아가 高血壓, 吸煙과 함께 動脈硬化症의 중요한 危險因子인 것은 이미 잘 알려져 있는 사실이다. 이러한 危險因子에 대해서 근본적인 0防과 治療時期 및 方法의 必要性이 重要하게 認識되고 있다. 高콜레스테롤의 攝取로 因한 二次星 高脂血症에 대한 0防과 治療時期의 適正性을 확인하기 위하여, cholesterol懸濁液으로 高콜레스테롤血症을 유발하면서 白鼠의 內觀穴(P6), 足三里血(S36)에 何首烏藥針의 시술하는 시기를 달리한 것과, 일정기간 고콜레스테롤을 섭취한 후 何首烏藥針의 施術有無에 대한 영향을 白鼠의 血淸中 total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL 等의 含重變化 및 血漿中 fibrinogen, PT,APTT등의 變化에서 觀察하였다. 足三里血, 內關穴에 대한 何首烏藥針은 정상적인 상태에서는 total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, fibrinogen, PT, APTT등의 활성에 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 고콜레스테롤혈증이 유발되었을때에 증가 또는 감소의 적극적인 활성 반응이 나타났다. 또한 고콜레스테롤혈증을 유발시키면서 동시에 何首烏藥針을 병행하여 시행한 것과 高콜레스테롤血症이 진행되고 있는 상태에서 何首烏藥針을 일정기간 병행하여 시행한 것과의 비교에서는 病態가 완전히 형성되기 전부터 何首烏藥針을 적극적으로 시행한 것이 그렇지 않은 것보다 훨씬 효과적이었다. 또한 일정기간동안 高콜레스테롤血症을 유발시킨 상태에서 콜레스테롤현탁액투여를 멈추고, 何首烏藥針을 일정기간 시행한 것과 藥針을 시행하지 않은 것과의 비교에서는 何首烏藥針을 시행한 것이 그렇지 않은 것보다 역시 효과적이다. 이러써 특정 病態動物에 특정 腦穴과 특정 藥針液을 사용한 까닭으로 實質的 한계를 벗어날 수 없었지만 이번 실험을 통하여, 足三理穴, 內觀穴에 대한 何首烏藥針은 고콜레스테롤혈증으로 야기되는 高血壓, 高脂血症, 動脈硬化症등의 成人病에 대한 근본적인 0防 및 治療方法으로써 응용가치가 충분하다고 생각되며, 앞으로 더욱 체계적이고 深度있는 硏究가 進行되어야 할 것으로 思慮된다. A heavy and fatty diet can increase opportunity for adults to become infected by diseases. In particular, an improper diet can affect the physiological functions of the viscera and reduce the organism's resistance to disease. Thus becoming pathogenic factors. Blood lipids were composed of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and free fatty acids. Hyperlipidemia implies the increased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum. It is closely related to atherosclerosis. As blood lipids were transported in the form of lipoprotein, hyperlipidemia can also manifest iteslf as hyperlipoproteinemia, Hyperlipidemia is included in the categoreis of "xuan yun"(vertigo), "tan zhuo"(phlegm syndrome) and others in Oriental medicine. Retention of phlegm-fluid is pathological products in the body, which manifest themselves through the course of illness. When retention of phlegm-fluid developes, it can act directly or indirectly, effect certain tissues or organs in the human body. Thus, causing new pathogenic factors. In oriental medicine differentiation and treatment of hyperlipidemia were divided into deficiency of the Liver-yin, Kidney-yin and retention of Damp-heat in the lnterior. Therapeutic principle of deficiency of the Liver-yin and Kidney-yin is nourishing the liver-yin and kidney-yin. Therapeutic principle of retention of Damp-heat in the lnterior is eliminating pathogenic dampness and hest. This study is in order to investigate the effect of Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture at Neiguan(P6) and Zusanli(S36) on the condition of a disease induced by high cholesterol in rats. Aqua-acupuncture treatment is composed of acupuncture-treatment and herbal drugs'action. Acupuncture-treatment is known as using by the physiological function of the Channels and Collaterals, pathological changes, induction, transmission and regulation. The channels induce stimulation and transmit information. If some region of the human body is stimulated, such stimulation will be transmitted along the channel to the reated viscera or bowels in the body. AS a result, the relevant physiological or pathological changes take place. These changes are reflected on the body surface through the channels. Especially, indications of the Stomach Meridian are borborygami, abdominal distention, edema, gastralgia, vomiting, facial paralysis, sore throat, fever, mania And indications of Zusanli(S36) are gastralgia, vomiting, abdominal distention, general weakness. Also, indications of the Pericardium Channel are angina pectoris, palpitation, irritability, tightness inthe chest, mental disorder, spasm of the upper limbs, hest sensation in the palms. And indications of Neiguan(P6) are also angina pectoris, palpitation, gastralgia, vomiting, epilepsy, insomnia, spasm of the diaphragm, pain in the chest. Polygoni multiflori Radix is used to repleish the vital essence of the live and kidney and to nourish the blood for the treatment of anemia, early greying of hair, aching back and knees, neurasthenia and hypercholesteremia. The raw drug is used as laxative for constipation and also as detoxicant for boils Material and methods are as a follows. Rats(sprague dawley) were divided into 3 groups. There were normal group, control group, third is test groups. And test groups were divided into 5 groups(test 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Normal group was physiological normal state. Control group was not treated aqua-acupuncture on cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid treated group. Test 1 group was treated Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture on cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid treated group in during 30 days. Test 2 group was treated Cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid and Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture in during 30 days. Test 3 group was treated cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid(for 30 days) and Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture(from 20 days to 30 days after first test). Test 4 group was treated cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid(for 20 days after first test) and Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture(from 20 days to 30 days after first test). Test 5 group was treated cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid(for 20 days after first test) and didn't treated Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture. So, each of this groups were compaired and assessed by measuring the levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride in serum and measuring the levels of fibrinogen, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time in plasma. As a result, we can conclude as follows; 1. Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture on Neiguan(P6) and Zusanli(S36) was not affected the levels of total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time in the normal state. But when hypercholesterolemia was occurd, aqua-acupuncture on Neiguan(P6) and Zusanli(S36) was affected activily the levels of total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time. 2. An active trial of Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture was more effective before a complete formation of hypercholesterolemia than after a formation of hypercholesterolemia. 3. In stage of hypercholesterolemia, when the oral injection of cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid is stoped, Polygoni multiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture treated group was more effective than non treated group for a given period of time It is considered that Polygoni mutiflori Radix aqua-acupuncture on Neiguan(P6) and Zusanli(S36) had a noticeable therapeutic effect on the hypercholesterolemia induced by cholesterol-olive oil mixture fluid in male rats. So its can be applied as effective prvention and therapy for hyperpiesia, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in duced by hypercholesterolemia or disturbance of lipid metabolism.

Serum cholesterol levels and the risk of multiple system atrophy: A case-control study

Lee, Phil Hyu,Lim, Tae Sung,Shin, Hae-Won,Yong, Seok Woo,Nam, Hyo Suk,Sohn, Young H. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Movement disorders Vol.24 No.5

<P>Cholesterol in brain membranes may modulate the conformational state and accumulation of α-synuclein in α-synucleinopathies.We examined the association between serum cholesterol and the risk of multiple system atrophy (MSA), one of the α-synucleinopathies. We enrolled 142 patients with probable MSA from two tertiary referral hospitals and 155 age- and gender-matched healthy people with no neurological disease. The levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower in MSA patients than in controls (total cholesterol: 172.7 vs. 196.3 mg/dL, P < 0.001; LDL-C: 104.0 vs. 115.3 mg/dL, P = 0.001; HDL-C: 47.3 vs. 54.2 mg/dL, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, and histories of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, the odds ratios was 5.9 (95% CI = 2.3–11.5, P < 0.001) for MSA patients in the lowest quartile of total cholesterol and 2.6 (95% CI = 1.2–5.5, P = 0.016) for those in the lowest quartile of HDL-C, compared with the highest quartiles. Levels of serum cholesterol did not significantly correlate with disease duration or severity. Our data suggest that lower levels of total cholesterol and HDL may be associated with an increased risk of MSA. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</P>

Properties of Cholesterol-reduced Butter and Effect of Gamma Linolenic Acid Added Butter on Blood Cholesterol

Jung, Tae-Hee,Kim, Jae-Joon,Yu, Sang-Hoon,Ahn, Joungjwa,Kwak, Hae-Soo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.11

The present study was carried out to develop cholesterol-reduced and gamma linolenic acid (GLA)-added butter and to examine the changes in chemical and sensory properties, and cholesterol lowering effect of GLA addition. The cholesterol removal rate reached 93.2% by $\beta$-cyclodextrin in butter before GLA addition. The thiobarbituric acid value of cholesterol-reduced and GLA-added butter increased slowly up to 4 week and plauteaued thereafter. TBA value was significantly increased with 2% GLA addition, compared with no GLA addition. The production of short-chain free fatty acids (FFA) increased with storage in all treatments. From 4 weeks storage, the amount of short-chain FFA in 2% GLA-added group was significantly higher than those in other groups. Among sensory characteristics, color, greasiness and overall acceptability were mostly affected by GLA addition, however, the rancidity value of 2% GLA addition was significantly different from those of control and GLA-unadded and cholesterol-reduced butter at 0, 6 and 8 week storage. Among groups, no difference was found in texture in all storage periods. The smallest increase of total blood cholesterol in rats was found in the group fed 2% GLA-added and cholesterol-reduced butter for 8 week, compared with that in controls. The present results showed the possibility of cholesterol-reduced and GLA-added butter development without much difference in chemical, rheological and sensory properties, and indicated a slow increase effect on blood total cholesterol in rats.

LDL Cholesterol 또는 Total Cholesterol의 적용에 따른 Framingham Risk Score와 10년 내 심혈관질환 발생 위험도 평가

권세영 ( Se Young Kwon ),나영악 ( Young Ak Na ) 대한임상검사과학회 2016 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.48 No.2

증가하고 있는 심혈관질환을 예방하기 위한 연구와 함께 심혈관질환 위험도를 예측할 수 있는 평가도구에 대한 연구도 꾸준히 진행되고 있다. 가장 널리 알려져 있는 Framingham risk score (FRS)는 여러 선행 연구에서 그 타당성이 검증되었다. 본 연구에서는 연구 대상자들의 LDL 콜레스테롤과 총 콜레스테롤의 적용에 따른 FRS의 점수 차이를 살펴보고, 두 변수의 선택 적용에 따른 10년 내심혈관질환 발생 위험도의 판정에 대한 일치도를 평가해 보고자 하였다. 2011 국민건강영양조사 데이터 중 심혈관질환 진단을 받은 자를 제외한 1,530명(남성 755명, 여성 775명)의 자료를 이용하였다. LDL 콜레스테롤 또는 총 콜레스테롤 중에 어떤 항목을 적용하느냐에 따라 FRS와 심혈관질환의 10년 예측위험도는 차이가 있었다. 남녀 모두 FRS는 LDL 콜레스테롤 적용 점수 보다 총콜레스테롤적용 점수가 더 높았다. 위험도 10% 미만의 저위험군, 10∼19%의 중등도 위험군, 20% 이상의 고위험군 분류에서 남성 106명, 여성26명의 판정이 일치하지 않았다. 코헨의 카파 계수는 남성의 경우 0.718, 여성의 경우 0.884로 나타나 여성의 경우 더 높은 일치성을 보였다. 심혈관질환의 10년 예측위험도와의 관련성에서도 LDL 콜레스테롤을 포함한 회귀식 보다 총 콜레스테롤을 포함한 회귀식에서 남녀 모두 설명력이 더 높아 총 콜레스테롤을 반영한 FRS 산출과 10년 예측 위험도의 평가가 더 상관성이 더 높고, 더불어 남성 보다는 여성에서 더 일치하는 결과가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. Studies on assessment tools for predicting cardiovascular disease risk (CDR), along with the studies to prevent CDR have been consistently reported. The validity of the Framingham risk score (FRS), a commonly known tool, has been verified through the precedent studies. In this study, we examined the differences of FRS according to the application of categories of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or Total cholesterol (TC), and attempted to evaluate the agreement of 10 yr CHD risk judgment based on the above-mentioned application. Excluding those diagnosed as cardiovascular diseases, data on subjects (755 men and 775 women) from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. We found differences of FRS and 10 yr CHD risk depending on the application of categories of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or Total cholesterol (TC). FRS of TC points were higher than those of LDL-C in both men and women. In classification of low risk (<10%), intermediate risk (10∼19%), and high risk (≥20%), there were disagreements for 106 men and 26 women. Women showed almost perfect agreement from Coefficient of Cohen’s Kappa (0.718 in men, and 0.884 in women). In assessment of 10 yr CHD risk, R-squared value from regression including TC was higher than that of LDC-C in both men and women (0.972 vs 0.885). From this result, we can draw a conclusion that correlation coefficients of FRS and CHD risk including TC were higher than those of LDC-C, and women showed a greater degree of agreement than men.

갈화(Puerariae Flos) 추출물이 고지혈 유발 흰쥐의 항산화활성 및 지질농도에 미치는 영향

박건진(Gun Jin Park),이형우(Hyung Woo Lee),박병렬(Byong Ryol Park),박성진(Sung Jin Park),김종대(Jong Dai Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.7

갈화 추출물을 농축하여 동결 건조해서 실험동물인 SD계수컷 흰쥐의 실험식이에 0.5% 수준으로 첨가하여 4주간 사육하면서 체중은 7일 간격으로 섭취는 2일 간격으로 오전 9시에 측정하였으며, 활성산소 및 항산화활성 측정은 2주간격으로 측정하였다. 또한 실험이 종료된 후 실험동물을 단두 도살하여 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 혈당, 인지질을 측정하여 지질 함량에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 갈화 추출물을 SD계 수컷 흰쥐에 갈화 추출물이 함유된 식이를 급여 후 식이섭취량, 체중증가량을 측정한 결과 갈화 추출물을 섭취한 rat이 대조군에 비해 모두 증가하였지만 군간 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 갈화 추출물 급여 후 적출된 실험동물의 장기에서 대조군과 실험군의 무게 차이는 보이지 않았다. 사육 기간 동안 2주 간격으로 측정한 혈액 중 항산화와 활성산소에서는, 항산화에서는 4주째 갈화가 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 수치가 높게 나왔으며, 활성산소는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 실험식이 종료 후 실험동물에서 적출한 장기의 무게를 측정한 결과 심장, 신장, 장, 간 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한, 혈청 중의 총콜레스테롤 함량 측정 결과 갈화 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 함량을 나타내었고, HDL-콜레스테롤 함량에서는 대조군에 비해 높은 함량을 나타내었지만 유의적으로 증가하지는 않았다. HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol의 비율에서도 갈화 추출물 급여군이 유의적으로 증가하였다. LDL-cholesterol 함량은 갈화 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 함량을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 아니었다. 중성지방 함량은 갈화 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 수치를 보였으며, 혈당 함량과 인지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 높은 수치였으나 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상에서와 같이 갈화 추출물 급여한 흰쥐를 이용한 동물실험에서 항산화능 및 혈청의 지질대사 개선 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 천연물의 조추출물을 이용한 기반연구로서 향후 갈화의 항산화 효과와 지질개선 대한 분자생물학적ㆍ조직병리학적 후속연구가 필요하다고 사료되며, 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 갈화의 항산화식품이나 지질 개선 기능성식품 소재로의 활용이 기대된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Puerariae Flos extracts on antioxidative potential, free radical generation and the lipid levels in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 diet groups: AIN-76 diet (control group) and modified AIN-76 diet (cholesterol 0.5%) with 0.5% Puerariae Flos extracts for 4 weeks. Body weight and feed efficiency ratios from both groups were not significantly different. Antioxidative potentials significantly increased in the group fed Puerariae Flos extracts compared to control group (p<0.05). However, there was no difference in free radical generation. The weight of organs, such as heart, kidney, liver, and spleen, in rats were not different in both groups. The ratio HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol in the Puerariae Flos group was significantly higher than in the control group, while the other serum lipid parameters (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipids) were not different between the two groups. These results imply that supplementation of Puerariae Flos extracts may beneficially contribute to improve antioxidant potential and to decrease the lipid levels in the blood.

제1형 당뇨모델 흰쥐에서 Bulnesia sarmienti 열수추출물이 지질대사에 미치는 영향

박창호(Chang-Ho Park),김정옥(Jung-Ok Kim),이기동(Gee-Dong Lee),김길수(Kil-Soo Kim),홍주헌(Joo-Heon Hong) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.6

STZ 투여로 제1형 당뇨를 유발시킨 다음 B. sarmienti 열수추출물을 8주간 급여 후 혈당 및 혈중지질 변화를 알아보았다. 시험기간 동안 당뇨 대조군 및 당뇨 실험군의 체중 증가는 정상군과 비교하여 유의적으로 낮게 나타났으며, B. sarmienti 열수 추출물 급여가 당뇨 실험군에서의 체중감소 개선 효과에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 수분 섭취량, 사료 섭취량, 혈당 모두 정상군과 비교하여 당뇨 대조군 및 당뇨 실험군에서 8주 동안 유의적으로 높게 지속되었다. 혈중 total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol 함량 변화를 측정한 결과 정상군과 비교할 때 당뇨대조군에서는 상대적으로 증가하였으나, B. sar-mienti 열수 추출물 급여로 유의적인 감소현상과 함께 정상군과 비슷한 수준을 유지 하였다. 특히, B. sarmienti 열수 추출물 급여에 따른 혈중 total cholesterol 변화는 BW0 30.0%, BW1 21.1%, BW2 27.7%로 평균 26.2%의 감소 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 혈중 중성지방 변화는 BW0 40.2%, BW1 53.7%, BW2 50.9%로 평균 48.3%의 감소현상을 나타내었다. 따라서 B. sarmienti 열수 추출물의 농도 의존적인 변화는 관찰할 수 없었으나, 혈중 지질 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구에는 제1형 당뇨모델에서 8주 동안 B. sarmienti 열수 추출물을 투여하면서 혈당 조절 효과는 관찰할 수 없었으나, 혈중 지질 성분인 triglycerides, total cholesterol 및 LDL-cholesterol의 수준을 떨어뜨리는 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 B. sarmienti 열수 추출물 투여가 고혈당을 중심으로 한 지질대사 이상과 함께 많은 합병증 유발이 문제시 되고 있는 당뇨병의 체내 지질대사 개선에는 상당한 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다. The effects of Bulnesia sarmienti water extract on lipid metabolism were investigated in type-1 diabetes rats. The rats were fed a basal diet and B. sarmienti water extract for 8 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group: normal, control, three kinds of treatment group (BW0: 0.45 ㎎/㎖, BW1: 0.9 ㎎/㎖, BW2: 1.8 ㎎/㎖). After 8 weeks of experimental diets consumption, the body weights and food efficiency ratio of B. sarmienti water extract fed groups were not change with those in the control group. The concentration in plasma total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride were significantly decrease in the B. sarmienti water extract groups compared with those in the control group. Although it was not possible to observe blood glucose control effects of eight weeks of B. sarmienti water extract feeds in type-1 diabetes model, it was discovered that the feeds are highly effective in lowering the levels of blood lipid substances triglycerides, total-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol.