벼에서 Benzyladenine과 Diphenylurea의 엽면살포가 잎의 노화, 수량 및 미질관련형질에 미치는 영향

이변우,명을재,남택수,이정양 韓國作物學會 1994 Korean journal of crop science Vol.39 No.4

노화억제제인 사이토카이닌의 엽면살포가 벼의 등숙기간중 잎의 노화, 수량 및 미질관련 주요 형질에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 합성 사이토카이닌인 BA와 DPU 10ppm을 동진벼의 출수기, 출수후 10일, 21일에 1회 처리 또는 출수후 2회 및 3회 처리하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. BA와 DPU를 출수기, 출수후 10일 및 21일에 1회 처리한 경우는 잎의 노화억제효과가 낮거나 없었으며, 출수후 10일간격으로 2회 또는 3회 연속처리의 경우는 잎의 노화억제 효과가 현저하였다. 잎의 노화억제 효과는 DPU보다 BA가 켰다. 2. BA와 DPU 모두 처리시기 및 처리횟수에 관계없이 등숙율, 천립중 및 수량의 향상 효과는 없었다. 3. BA처리에 의하여 청치와 복백미의 비율이 증가하는 경향이었으나 사미와 심백미의 비율은 차이가 없었다. 4. 백미의 아밀로스함량은 BA와 DPU처리에 의하여 변하지 않았으나 단백질함량은 BA처리에 의하여 유의하게 감소되었다. 5. 백미중의 지방함량은 1회처리에 의하여는 무처리와 차이가 없었으나 출수후 10일 간격으로 2회 및 3회 처리한 경우는 무처리에 비하여 30∼78%높아졌다. 한편 BA와 DPU처리에 의하여 불포화지방산 조성비가 다소 높아지는 경향이었다. Benzyladenine(BA) and Diphenylurea(DPU) at 10ppm level were foliar-applied one to three times at an interval of 10 days from heading stage of rice variety, Dongjinbyeo. One time treatment of both cytokinins did not delayed leaf senescence substantially, but consecutive treatments of two to three times markedly retarded leaf senescence. Leaf senescence retarding effects were greater in BA than DPU. Ripened grain ratio, grain weight and grain yield were not improved by the treatments. BA treatments increased the percentage of green and white belly kernels with no effects on opaque and white core kernels. BA and DPU treatments did not altered amylose content, but BA treatments significantly decreased protein content of polished rice. Consecutive treatments of BA and DPU twice or three times at an interval of 10 days from heading increased oil content by 30 to 78% as compared to non-treated control, but one time treatment at any stage did not enhance it of polished rice. Fatty acid composition was slightly altered in favor of unsaturated fatty acid by BA and DPU treatments.

딸기 조직배양 시 BA (benzyladenine) 처리에 따른 변이 발생 및 변이 연속성 검정

김혜진,최미자,이종남,서종택,김기덕,김율호,홍수영,김수정,손황배,남정환,Kim, Hye Jin,Choi, Mi Ja,Lee, Jong Nam,Suh, Jong Taek,Kim, Ki Deog,Kim, Yul Ho,Hong, Su Young,Kim, Su Jeong,Sohn, Hwang Bae,Nam, Jeong Hwan 한국식물생명공학회 2020 식물생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1

본 실험은 딸기 조직배양 시 BA 처리에 따른 변이 발생 및 변이 연속성을 확인하고자 실시하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 공시 품종은 '고하'이며, 본 실험에 사용한 BA 농도는 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg·L^-1로 처리하였다. 변이는 형태적, 유전적 검정을 실시하였으며, 변이 연속성 검정은 3년간 실시하였다. BA 처리 시 형태적 변이는 10.5 ~ 20.0%로 매우 높게 나타났으나, 유전적 변이는 재배 1년차에 7.0 ~ 15.0%, 재배 2년차에는 1.8 ~ 10.0%, 재배 3년차에는 5.0%로 재배연수가 길어짐에 따라 유전적 변이 발생율이 낮아졌다. 뿐만 아니라 재배1년차와 2년차에는 BA 1.0 mg·L^-1과 BA 2.0 mg·L^-1에서 유전적 변이가 발생한 반면, 재배 3년차에는 BA 2.0 mg·L^-1에서만 유전적 변이가 발생하였다. 따라서 딸기 조직배양묘의 증식을 위해서 BA는 1.0 mg·L^-1미만으로 처리하고, 반드시 변이 검정 후 보급하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단되었다. This experiment study aimed to identify the continuous genetic variation caused by benzyladenine (BA) treatment in strawberry tissue culture. The 'Goha' cultivar was used and treated with different concentrations of BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg·L^-1). Morphological and genetic variation tests were performed, and genetic continuity tests were performed for three years. The morphological variation induced by BA was distinctively high (10.5 ~ 20.0%) and the genetic variation was 7.0 ~ 15.0%, 1.8 ~ 10.0%, and 5.0% in the first, second, and third year of cultivation, respectively. The rate of genetic variation decreased with increasing cultivation years. In addition, genetic variation caused by BA 1.0 mg·L^-1 and BA 2.0 mg·L^-1 occurred in the first and second years of cultivation, whereas only BA 2.0 mg·L^-1 caused genetic variation in the third year of cultivation. Therefore, a concentration of less than 1.0 mg·L^-1 BA was used for the propagation of strawberry tissue culture plants, and it was necessary to identify their variation.

딸기 조직배양 시 BA (benzyladenine) 처리에 따른 변이 발생 및 변이 연속성 검정

Hye Jin Kim,Mi Ja Choi,Jong Nam Lee,Jong Taek Suh,Ki Deog Kim,Yul Ho Kim,Su Young Hong,Su Jeong Kim,Hwang Bae Sohn,Jeong Hwan Nam (사)한국식물생명공학회 2020 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.47 No.1

This experiment study aimed to identify the continuous genetic variation caused by benzyladenine (BA) treatment in strawberry tissue culture. The ‘Goha’ cultivar was used and treated with different concentrations of BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg･L-1). Morphological and genetic variation tests were performed, and genetic continuity tests were performed for three years. The morphological variation induced by BA was distinctively high (10.5 ~ 20.0%) and the genetic variation was 7.0 ~ 15.0%, 1.8 ~ 10.0%, and 5.0% in the first, second, and third year of cultivation, respectively. The rate of genetic variation decreased with increasing cultivation years. In addition, genetic variation caused by BA 1.0 mg･L-1 and BA 2.0 mg･L-1 occurred in the first and second years of cultivation, whereas only BA 2.0 mg･L-1 caused genetic variation in the third year of cultivation. Therefore, a concentration of less than 1.0 mg･L-1 BA was used for the propagation of strawberry tissue culture plants, and it was necessary to identify their variation.

딸기 조직배양 시 여러가지 식물호르몬 처리에 따른 기내 증식 및 형태적, 유전적 변이 발생 비교

김혜진,이종남,최미자,서종택,Kim, Hye Jin,Lee, Jong Nam,Choi, Mi Ja,Suh, Jong Taek 한국식물생명공학회 2019 식물생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.2

본 실험은 딸기 조직배양 시 여러가지 식물호르몬의 농도 별처리에 따른 증식률 및 형태적, 유전적 변이 발생 정도를 확인하고자 실시하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 공시 품종은 '고하'와 '설향'이며, 본 실험에 사용한 식물 호르몬은 BA, CPPU 및 TDZ로, 농도는 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$였다. '고하'와 '설향'의 조직배양묘 증식률은 BA 처리 시 가장 높았다. BA, CPPU 및 TDZ 처리 시 '고하' 및 '설향'에서 형태적 및 유전적 변이가 발생하였고, 특히 품종에 관계없이 CPPU 처리에서 변이가 높게 나타났다. '고하'의 유전적 변이는 BA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상의 농도에서 1.1%로 나타났고, CPPU $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$에서 15.3%로 나타났으며, TDZ $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$에서 1.2%로 나타났다. '설향'의 유전적 변이는 BA $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$에서 2.3%로 나타났고, CPPU $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$에서 14.3%로 나타났다. 따라서 딸기 조직배양 시, CPPU는 처리하지 않는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단되고, BA나 TDZ또한 저농도로 처리하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. The objective of this study was to carry out treatment of various plant hormones in order to determine morphological and genetic variation degree of tissue-cultured strawberry. The cultivar used in this experiment was 'Goha' and 'Seolhyang', the plant hormones used for experiment were benzyladenine (BA), N-(2-Chloro-4 pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU) and thidiazuron (TDZ), and the concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ with each hormone. The BA treatment of the proliferation efficiency of tissue-cultured strawberry 'Goha' and 'Seolhyang' was the highest. When processing BA, CPPU and TDZ, morphological variation and genetic variation happened in strawberry 'Goha' and 'Seolhyang', especially, the variations appeared highly in CPPU treatment. The genetic variation in 'Goha' appeared at the concentration more than BA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 1.1%, appeared at the concentration of CPPU $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 15.3%, and at the concentration of TDZ $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 1.2%. The genetic variation in 'Seolhyang' appeared at the concentration of BA $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 2.3%, and at the concentration of CPPU $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 14.3%. Therefore, CPPU should not be treated during strawberry tissue culture, and BA and TDZ should be treated at low concentration.

Morphological and anatomical changes in Lilium cv. Arcachon in response to plant growth regulators

Karina Torres-Pio,G umercindo H . D e la Cruz-Guzmán 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.3

The eff ect of fi ve concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), benzyladenine (BA) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) on the morphologyand anatomy of Lilium cv. Arcachon was evaluated. To this end, bulbs were immersed for 24 h with fi ve diff erent concentrations(0, 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg L −1 ) of GA 3 , BA, or PBZ. Then the treated bulbs were immediately sown in 2.5 L potscontaining tezontle. Pots containing bulbs were randomly distributed, kept under greenhouse conditions, and watered withSteiner solution. Morphological and anatomical traits were evaluated at the fl owering phase. The results showed that height(85.3 cm), number of leaves (79.7), and leaf area (743.3 cm 2 ) were not modifi ed by GA 3 , but they diminished in response toBA. In contrast, stems were 80% smaller in response to PBZ but, did not aff ect the number of fl ower blooms. The biomassof bulbs (27.6 g) raised by 32 and 48% in response to BA and PBZ, respectively. The number of vascular bundles and shootphloem area was similar in all treatments, whereas the number of vessel elements increased by 69% when compared withcontrol plants (62 mm 2 vessels). The length of epidermal cells in the leaves decreased between 30 and 48% in response to bothGA 3 and BA, whereas no eff ects were observed in response to PBZ. Mesophyll width was greater by applying PBZ. Finally,PBZ at 25 mg L −1 is enough to reduce the size of stems and improve their appearance as pot plants. Whereas PBZ aff ectssignifi cantly the size of the stems, the BA provoked bud abortion. This research shows in detail how the growth regulatorsmodifi ed the anatomy of the stems and leaves as well as the roots development in Lilium cv. Arcachon plants.

한국 자생 철쭉류 기내 증식에 관한 연구

김효순,오구균,안규빈,고갑천 한국조경학회 2001 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

This study was carried out to reveal optimum conditions for in vitro propagation of 3 Korean native azalea species, Rhododendron mucronulatum, R. yedonese var. poukhanense, and R. shlippenbachii, which are useful for landscape proposes. Seeds and meristems from three azalea species were cultured on 1/2MS, Hyponex, and Anderson media containing growth of regulators benzyladenine(BA) and 2-isopentenyadenosine(2ip). The results were as follows. 1. In the culture of R. schlippenbachii and R. mucronulatum seeds, in vitro seedlings germinated and grew well on he 1/2MS and Anderson media, while R. yedoense var. poukhanense on Hyponex media containing 6.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip. 2. When the meristems of R. mucronulatum were cultured on Andeson media containing 9.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip, the survival rate of meristems was 23.0% in 6 weeks after culture, and the survival rate of R. schlippenbachii was 46.0% o nthe same media containing 12.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip. The survial rate of R. yedoense var. poukhanense was 92.0% onHyponex media containing 0.5mg/$\ell$ BA and 9.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip. When the meristems of R. mucronulatum and R. yedoense var. poukhanense were cultured on Hyponex media containing 12.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip, they showed the most excellent growth. R. schlippenbachii grew well on Anderson media containing 9.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip. When in vitro shoots of R. yedoense var. poukhanense were subcultured to solid medium, they grew well in shoot growth on Hyponex media containing 6.0mg/$\ell$ 2ip.

Effect of GA3 and BA on Postharvest Quality and Vase Life of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii. cv. Good Timing) Cut Flowers

Elham Danaee,Younes Mostofi,Pezham Moradi 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.2

The effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and benzyladenine (BA) on the postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera cut-flowers was investigated. Freshly cut flower stems of gerbera cultivar ‘Good Timing’, with four outer disc florets open, were put in vases containing 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, or 300 mg・L-1 GA3 and 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, or 150 mg・L-1 of BA for 48 hr and then held in vases containing 2.5% ethanol and 3% sucrose. Vases were placed in chambers at 25℃ with a relative humidity about 70% and were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Data were recorded for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability, total soluble solid over time and analyzed statistically. GA3 50 mg・L-1 and BA 50 mg・L-1 were the most effective treatments on vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability and total soluble solids of gerbera cut flowers. Cytokinins and gibberelins have potential to enhance post harvest quality of cut gerbera flowers.

적과제 처리가 ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’ 사과의 착과 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향

유진기(Jingi Yoo),박무용(Moo-Yong Park),강인규(In-Kyu Kang) 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.5

본 연구는 ‘홍로’와 ‘후지’ 품종에 benzyladenine(BA, 99% purity), MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>(1.9% BA), Fruitone(3.5% NAA), MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone, simazine 등 약제들이 과실의 착과 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. BA와 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>은 100㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> 농도로, Fruitone은 0.1㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> 농도로 과실직경이 6㎜인 만개 8일 후에, 그리고 simazine은 400㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> 농도로 만개 7일후와 14일 후에 2회 처리하였다. 적과제 처리 후 ‘홍로’ 품종의 정화아의 과총당 착과수는 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>, simazine 처리구가 각각 1.67, 1.84, 1.81개로 무처리구 2.35개보다 적어 적과효과를 보였고, 특히 무착과 과총 비율이 높아 적과효과가 더 우수하였다. ‘후지’ 품종의 경우 정화아의 과총당 착과수는 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone, Fruitone, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> 처리구가 1.29, 1.60, 1.76개로 무처리구 2.56개보다 적어 우수한 적과효과를 보였다. 또한, 두 품종 모두에서 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone 혼용처리구가 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> 단독처리구에 비하여 적과증진효과를 보였다. 그리고 액화아의 경우도 정화아의 결과와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 과중은 ‘홍로’ 품종의 BA 처리구에서, ‘후지’ 품종에서는 BA와 MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> 처리구에서 증가하였다. 그리고 가용성 고형물 함량은 두 품종 모두에서 BA, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone 처리 과실들에서 증가하였지만 다른 과실특성들은 차이를 보이지 않았다. Benzyladenine (BA, 99% purity), MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> (1.9% BA), Fruitone (3.5% NAA), MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + Fruitone, a nd s imazine were applied postbloom as fruitlet thinning agents to mature ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees. BA and MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> were applied at 100 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> a.i. while Fruitone at 0.1 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> a.i. and simazine at 400 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> a.i. All PGRs were applied at 8 days after full bloom (DAFB, 6 ㎜ fruit diameter) in both cultivars, while simazine was treated twice at 7 and 14 DAFB. In ‘Hongro’, the number of total fruit set per flower cluster in terminal buds was 1.67, 1.84, and 1.81 in MaxCel® + F ruitone, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>, and simazine applications, respectively, when compared with 2.35 of water control. These reductions in fruit set were mainly attributed to the increased ratio of defruited clusters by the thinning agents. In ‘Fuji’ apple, the number of total fruit set per flower cluster in terminal buds was 1.29, 1.60, and 1.76 in MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> + F ruitone, Fruitone, a nd MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>, respectively, when compared with 2.56 of water control in ‘Fuji’ apple. The addition of Fruitone to the MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> promoted the thinning efficacy in both cultivars, compared to MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> only. The thinning efficacies were similarly observed with lateral flowers in both cultivars. A significant increase of fruit weight by the postbloom thinning treatments was observed only in the BA application in ‘Hongro’, while the effect was observed in BA and MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> in ‘Fuji’. While the soluble solids content increased in the BA, MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP> and MaxCel<SUP>®</SUP>+Fruitone treatments in both cultivars, other fruit quality attributes were not affected by the application of post-bloom thinning agents.

딸기 조직배양 시 여러가지 식물호르몬 처리에 따른 기내 증식 및 형태적, 유전적 변이 발생 비교

김혜진,이종남,최미자,서종택 한국식물생명공학회 2019 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.46 No.2

The objective of this study was to carry out treatment of various plant hormones in order to determine morphological and genetic variation degree of tissue-cultured strawberry. The cultivar used in this experiment was ‘Goha’ and ‘Seolhyang’, the plant hormones used for experiment were benzyladenine (BA), N-(2-Chloro-4 pyridyl)-N’- phenylurea (CPPU) and thidiazuron (TDZ), and the concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg·L-1 with each hormone. The BA treatment of the proliferation efficiency of tissuecultured strawberry ‘Goha’ and ‘Seolhyang’ was the highest. When processing BA, CPPU and TDZ, morphological variation and genetic variation happened in strawberry ‘Goha’ and ‘Seolhyang’, especially, the variations appeared highly in CPPU treatment. The genetic variation in ‘Goha’ appeared at the concentration more than BA 0.5 mg·L-1 as 1.1%, appeared at the concentration of CPPU 0.5 mg·L-1 as 15.3%, and at the concentration of TDZ 2.0 mg·L-1 as 1.2%. The genetic variation in ‘Seolhyang’ appeared at the concentration of BA 4.0 mg·L-1 as 2.3%, and at the concentration of CPPU 0.5 mg·L-1 as 14.3%. Therefore, CPPU should not be treated during strawberry tissue culture, and BA and TDZ should be treated at low concentration.

Chemical Thinning of ‘Hongro’ Apple with Ammonium Thiosulfate and MaxCel

국정렬,김은주,최동근,곽성희 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.2

Ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) and MaxCel (6-benzyladenine containing product) were tested as bloom and postbloom thinners, respectively, for ‘Hongro’/M.9 apple trees at Jangsu, Korea in 2005 and 2006. ATS at 0.6 or 0.7% a.i. was sprayed at 85% full bloom while MaxCel at 100 mg・L-1 a.i. was sprayed at 10-mm fruit diameter. All the trees were hand thinned to a commercial crop load after a physiological fruit drop. In both years, ATS consistently reduced total crop load (30-34% for 0.6% ATS) by increasing both whole flower cluster removal and number of sites with a single fruit. MaxCel only also reduced crop load by about 18%. Combined with ATS, MaxCel further reduced crop load (35-48% with 0.6% ATS). Mean fruit weight was increased by ATS and/or MaxCel in both years, but yield was not affected. Fruit length/diameter ratio was slightly reduced (flattened) by MaxCel. Total soluble solids concentration was increased by only ATS. Neither of the chemical thinners had effect on fruit skin color, firmness, and juice acidity. A significant increase in return bloom by ATS was found in one out of two experiments, but MaxCel had no influence. It was concluded that the combined use of ATS and MaxCel was effective in terms of both crop load reduction and increase in fruit size in ‘Hongro’/M.9 apple trees.