편측성 후방연장 국소의치에서 직접유지장치의 설계와 지대치 골흡수에 따른 간접유지장치 지대치 주위조직에 발생하는 응력분석

이석현,이청희,조광헌,Lee, Suk-Hyun,Lee, Cheong-Hee,Jo, Kwang-Hun 대한치과보철학회 1998 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.36 No.1

For the purpose of evaluating the effect of both direct retainer design and bony absorption degree around abutment of indirect retainer on the supporting tissue of abutment of indirect retainer, dislodging force was transmitted to unilateral distal extension RPD bases. Analysis of stress distributed within the supporting tissue around abutment of indirect retainer was carried out. Using three-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis method and the conclusion is a follows. 1. According to the extent of force which the direct retainer of the most distal abutment tooth, the amount of force transmitted to the abutment tooth of indirect retainer was small. 2. Of all the cases, Mandibular first premolar which was used abutment tooth of indirect retainer, buccal, mesial and distal sides represented compression stress and lingual side represented tensile stress. 3. The more bone resorption of abutment tooth of indirect retainer, the more distortion of buccal and distal side of abutment tooth was existed and the extent of compression stress which was existed and distal side to abutment tooth was large. 4. When the alveolar bone around the abutment with indircet retainer is normal. The amount of force transmitted on abutment with indirect retainer was small in the order of Akers clasp, RPA clasp, RPI clasp. 5. When the alveolar bone around the abutment with indirect retainer has been absorbed 20% and 30%, the amount of force transmitted on abutment with indirect retainer was small in the order of RPA calsp, RPI clasp, Akers clasp. 6. When denture is displaced, shape of the direct retainer reciprocating abutment affect much the function of indirect retainer.

Clinical factors affecting the longevity of fixed retainers and the influence of fixed retainers on periodontal health in periodontitis patients: a retrospective study

Han, Ji-Young,Park, Seo Hee,Kim, Joohyung,Hwang, Kyung-Gyun,Park, Chang-Joo Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical factors affecting the longevity of fixed retainers and the influence of fixed retainers on periodontal health in periodontitis patients. Methods: In total, 52 patients with at least 2 years of follow-up after periodontal and orthodontic treatment were included in this study. After scaling and root planing, orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances or clear aligners was performed. Fixed retainers with twist-flex stainless steel wires were bonded to the palatal or lingual sides of anterior teeth. Changes in clinical parameters, including the plaque index, gingival index, calculus index (CI), probing pocket depth, and radiographic bone levels, were evaluated before bonding of fixed retainers and at a 12-month follow-up. Cumulative survival rates (CSRs) for retainer failure were evaluated according to sex, site, CI, stage of periodontitis, and the severity of the irregularity with the log-rank test and hazard ratios (HRs). Results: Twelve months after bonding of fixed retainers, improvements were observed in all clinical parameters except CI and radiographic bone gain. The overall CSR of the retainers with a CI <1 at the 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers was significantly higher than that of the retainers with a CI ≥1 at the 12-month follow-up (log-rank test; P<0.001). Patients with stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis had a higher multivariate HR for retainer failure (5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-23.91; P=0.026) than patients with stage I (grade A or B) periodontitis. Conclusions: Although fixed retainers were bonded in periodontitis patients, periodontal health was well maintained if supportive periodontal treatment with repeated oral hygiene education was provided. Nonetheless, fixed retainer failure occurred more frequently in patients who had stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis or a CI ≥1 at 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers.

임진왜란기(壬辰倭亂期) 분조(分朝) 구성원의 행적에 관한 고찰

조인희,최윤오 역사실학회 2020 역사와실학 Vol.73 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine the specific activities of the members of Bunjo cabinet. For the research, examination on the selection of the meritorious retainer escorting Prince Gwanghae was made based on the Annals of Chosun dynasty and personal records. The following are the clues to the criteria for selecting the meritorious retainer escorting Prince Gwanghae and other meritorious retainers. 1 In the case of Hoseong meritorious retainer, he was recognized as a servant of King Seonjo or Gwanghaegun when he was ordered to leave due to official duties. This exception applies for Weesung meritorious retainers as well. Unlike Hoseong meritorious retainers, Weesung meritorious retainers could be selected as a meritorious subject even if it participated in only one of the first and second divisions. 3 Even if he participated in both the first and second divisions, he may not win the first prize. The figures who participated in the cabinet were treated as honored guests or received a considerable number of government posts related to the Prince Gwanghae's education. However not all of them were engaged in Bunjo cabinet or cited. Those who joined the group after the launch of Bunjo cabinet were not selected as the first meritorious retainers. In addition, even if they served Prince Gwanghae without resignation, they may not be selected as the No.1 contributor. 6 Even if it was due to official duties, they could not be selected as meritorious retainers if they were outside for too long time. It is not clear whether this condition applies to Weesung meritorious retainers. 7 If a person who has been obedient was sinned and deformed at the time of discussion on the selection of meritorious retainers, he could be demoted. 본고의 목적은 분조 구성원의 구체적인 행적에 대해 고찰해 보는 것에 있다. 이를 위해 본고에서는 호성선무청난공신도감의궤(扈聖宣武淸難功臣都監儀軌)와 실록, 개인 문집을 중심으로 위성공신(衛聖功臣)의 선정 과정에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 통해 알아낼 수 있었던 위성공신 및 호성, 선무, 청난공신의 선정 기준에 대한 단서는 다음과 같다. ① 호성공신의 경우, 공무로 인해 명을 받고 선조나 광해군의 곁을 떠날 경우에는 종시호종으로 인정받았다. 이 예외 사항은 위성공신에도 동일하게 보는 것이 타당하다. ② 호성공신과 달리 위성공신은 1, 2차 분조 중 어느 한 곳에만 참여한 경우에도 공신으로 선정될 수 있었다. ③ 1, 2차 분조에 모두 참여했다 하더라도 반드시 1등 공신으로 선정됐던 것은 아니다. ④ 분조에 참여한 인물들은 빈객의 대우를 받거나, 세자시강원 관련 벼슬을 받는 경우가 상당히 많았다. 그러나 빈객이나 세자시강원 관련 벼슬을 받았다고 반드시 분조에서 업무에 종사했거나 공신에 선정됐던 것은 아니다. ⑤ 공신 선정에서 설령 공무로 인한 것이었다 하더라도 장기간(3달) 이탈을 할 경우 호성공신에 선정되지 못할 수 있었다. ⑥ 종시호종한 자가 공신 선정 논의 시점에서 죄를 지어 부처(付處)되고 탈고신(奪告神)된 경우에는 강등될 수 있었다.

A survey on retention practice among orthodontists in Malaysia

Norma Ab Rahman,Tze Fui Low,Nur Shaheera Idris 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate retention practices commonly employed by orthodontists. The objectives were to identify the types of retainer frequently used and to investigate the variations in retention practice. Methods: A total of 97 orthodontists were randomly selected, and a questionnaire consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions sent to them by mail. Upon receiving of the completed questionnaires, the data were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 32 responses were received; among these, 59.4% of orthodontists’ practiced is in a government setting and 40.6% were in private practice. A vacuum-formed retainer was the most commonly used removable retainer for both maxillary (46.9%) and mandibular (46.9%) arches, followed by a Hawley retainer (maxilla, 43.8%; mandible, 37.5%), and a fixed retainer (maxilla, 3.1%; mandible, 9.4%). Of the responding orthodontists, 78.1% prescribed full-time wear (more than 20 h per day) for a duration of 3−9 months for a maxillary arch, compared to 71.9% for the mandibular arch. Only 18.8% of the orthodontists prescribed part-time wear of the retainer for the maxillary arch, compared to 21.9% for the mandibular arch. The majority of orthodontists did not instruct their patients to stop wearing removable retainers (71.9%) or fixed retainers (66.8%) at any specific time and they preferred their patients to continue wearing retainers. Conclusions: Vacuum-formed retainers are the most commonly used retainers among orthodontists. The majority of orthodontists prescribed full-time wear for more than 20 h per day with a duration of 3−9 months and preferred indefinite use of the retainer.

엄지말뚝 흙막이의 붕괴실태 분석을 통한 안전관리항목 도출 및 체크리스트 구성체계의 제안

김진호 대한건축학회지회연합회 2024 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.26 No.6

최근, 굴착공사의 대형화 추세에 따라 굴착깊이 증가뿐만 아니라 기후나 지반환경의 불확실성 요소에 의해 굴착과 흙막이판 설치과정에서 붕괴사고가 다수 발생하여 흙막이구조물의 안전성 점검은 매우 중요한 과제로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 엄지말뚝 흙막이 시공단계별 붕괴실태의 분석뿐만 아니라 붕괴발생요소(붕괴원인, 위험요소, 등) 간 관련성 분석의 부족으로 유사한 재해가 반복적으로 발생하고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구의 목적은 1993년부터 2021년까지 엄지말뚝 흙막이공사에서 발생한 붕괴사고 21건을 대상으로 굴착공사 안전관리의 합리화 방안을 고찰하기 위해 흙막이 붕괴방지의 방법론을 제시하는 것이다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 수행하기 위해 조사대상별로 흙막이 붕괴의 위험요소를 도출하고, 사례연구를 통해 붕괴위험요소가 지반에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 이를 기반으로 흙막이 설치단계별로 붕괴원인을 그룹핑하고, 붕괴원인별로 붕괴프로세스를 분석하였다. 사례연구 및 굴착공사가이드를 기반으로 흙막이공사 안전관리항목의 분류관점 및 붕괴점검용 체크리스트의 구성체계를 제안하였다. Recently, safety inspection of retaining wall structure is recognized as very important problem because many collapses have occurred in excavation and earth plate construction process by the uncertainty factors of climate and ground environment as well as increase of excavation depth due to enlargement trend of excavation construction. However, similar retaining collapse accidents occur repeatedly due to the lack of analysis of the relationship between collapse occurrence factors(collapse cause, risk factor, etc) as well as the analysis of collapse conditions for each construction step of soldier pile retaining. From this viewpoint, the object of this study is to propose the methodology of retaining collapse prevention to contemplate rational measures of excavation safety management targeting 21 accidents in soldier pile retaining work from 1993 to 2021. In order to achieve the object of this study, risk factors for the collapse of retaining wall were derived for each survey target, and the effect on the ground by risk factors of collapse was considered through case study. The collapse causes was grouped for each retaining installation step, and retaining collapse process was analyzed for each collapse causes. Based on the case study and excavation work guide, we suggest the classification viewpoint of safety management items and composition system of checklist as the countermeasure to prevent collapse accidents in retaining wall construction.

수확 전 Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, 수확 전·후 1Methylcyclopropene 처리가 ‘미스홍’ 복숭아의 저온저장 중 과실 품질에 미치는 영향

유진기,박철호,권중근,이동훈,정희영,조영제,강인규 한국원예학회 2020 원예과학기술지 Vol.38 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of preharvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, ReTainⓇ) and sprayable 1methylcyclopropene (1MCP, HarvistaTM) and postharvest 1MCP (SmartFreshTM) treatments on fruit quality in coldstored ‘Misshong’ peaches. Flesh firmness of control fruits was decreased to 2.9 Newton (N) after 3 days of storage. However, a week before harvest (WBH) ReTainⓇ and SmartFreshTM treatments maintained firmness at 7.9 N and 12.0 N for up to 6 days of storage, respectively. Titratable acidity of control fruits was decreased from 0.33% at harvest to 0.21% after 12 days of storage. However, ReTainⓇ and SmartFreshTM treatments maintained acidity at 0.26 and 0.30% until 12 days of storage, respectively. Ethylene production of control fruits was highly increased to 45.4 µL·kg1·h1 after 12 days of storage, while at 1 WBH ReTainⓇ (23.9 µL·kg1·h1) and SmartFreshTM (21.6 µL·kg1·h1) treatments resulted in lower ethylene production than control fruits. Soluble solids content of 1 WBH ReTainⓇ (10.5°Brix) was slightly lower than control fruits (11.0°Brix) at harvest, and fruit weight loss was not affected during the storage progress. Therefore, this study suggested that 1 WBH ReTainⓇ and SmartFreshTM treatments help maintain fruit quality in ‘Misshong’ peaches during cold storage. 본 연구는 수확 전 aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG, ReTainⓇ) 및 수체 살포용 1methylcyclopropene(1MCP, HarvistaTM)와 수확 후 훈증용 1MCP(SmartFreshTM) 처리가 ‘미스홍’ 복숭아 과실의 품질과 저장성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시되었다. 저장 중 과실의 경도 변화는 저장 3일 후부터 과실의 경도가 급격히 감소하여 무처리구의 경우 2.9N으로 감소하였으나, 수확 1주전 ReTainⓇ 처리구와 SmartFreshTM 처리구의 경우 저장 6일 후 경도가 각각 7.9N과 12.0N으로 상품성이 유지될 정도로 높게 유지되었다. 산 함량은 무처리구의 경우 수확 시 0.33%이던 산 함량이 저장 12일후 0.21%로 급격히 감소하였으나, 수확 전 ReTainⓇ과 HarvistaTM 처리구들의 경우 저장 12일 후 0.26 ‑ 0.30%로 무처리구와 비교하여 높게 유지되었다. 에틸렌 발생량은 저장 12일 후 무처리구의 경우 45.4µL·kg1·h1으로 급격히 증가하였으나, 수확 1주 전 ReTainⓇ 처리구와 SmartFreshTM 처리구의 경우 각각 23.9와 21.6µL·kg1·h1으로 낮은 에틸렌 발생량을 보였다. 가용성 고형물 함량은 수확 2주 전 ReTainⓇ 처리구의 경우 수확 시 10.5°Brix로 무처리구 11.0°Brix와 비교하여 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그리고 저장 중 과실 감모율은 증가하였으나 처리 간의 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로, 수확 1주 전 ReTainⓇ 처리와 수확 후 SmartFreshTM 처리가 ‘미스홍’ 복숭아 과실의 저장 중 품질 유지에 효과적이었다.

상악 가철식 보정장치인 circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR)에 대한 불편감 평가

최진휴(Jin-Hugh Choi),문철현(Cheol-Hyun Moon) 대한치과교정학회 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.5

발음장애, 구토감 및 착용 불편감과 같은 보정장치에 대해 환자가 느끼는 불편감을 평가해보기 위해 고정식 교정장치로 교정치료를 받고 교정장치가 제거된 66명(남자 23명, 여자 43명; 평균연령 23.42 ± 10.19)의 교정환자를 대상으로 무작위로 두 군으로 배정한 후 고정식 교정장치를 제거한 다음 날 CWR 장착군에게는 구개를 완전히 덮는 구개 완전 피개형 보정장치인 conventional wraparound retainer (CWR)를 장착시키고 CCR 장착군에게는 구개를 말 발굽 모양으로 부분 피개하는 보정장치인 circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR)를 4주 동안 장착시킨 후 발음장애, 구토감 및 착용 불편감의 정도에 대해 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS)로 표시할 수 있도록 제작된 설문지를 통해 얻은 점수에 대해 통계적으로 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 발음장애와 착용 불편감의 비교에서 CCR 장착군이 CWR 장착군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다 (p < 0.05). 구토감의 비교에서는 CCR 장착군이 CWR 장착군에 비해 낮은 점수를 보였지만 통계적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p = 0.146). 이상의 연구 결과로 circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR)는 발음장애를 감소시키고, 착용 불편감을 완화시킴으로써 환자의 협조도를 증진시켜 줄 수 있는바 고정식 교정장치를 이용한 교정치료 후 치료결과 유지에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. (대치교정지 2010;40(5):325-333) Objective: The aim of this study was to illustrate the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) as a removable maxillary retainer with good potential patient compliance and to evaluate the discomfort of the retainers including distorted speech, gagging sensation and appliance discomfort. Methods: Sixty-six orthodontic patients (male, 23; female, 43; mean age, 23.42 ± 10.19 years) who received orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances were randomly assigned to two groups after debonding, a conventional wraparound retainer (CWR) group that fully covers the palate with an acrylic plate and a highly polished surface, and a circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) group which has a horseshoe shaped base plate with three folds on the anterior region. A questionnaire that had a visual analog scale (VAS) which consists of a 100-mm horizontal line with 2 end-points labeled “no discomfort” on the left and “worst discomfort” on the right, with regard to distorted speech, gagging sensation and discomfort, was administered to patients after 4 weeks of retainer wear. The Mann-Whitney test was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between the two retainers. Results: Comparing distorted speech and discomfort, the CCR group significantly had lower values than the CWR group (p < 0.05). Comparing gagging sensation, the CCR group had lower values than the CWR group but there were no statistically significant differences between groups (p = 0.146). Conclusions: In conclusion, the results suggest that the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) might facilitate patient compliance and thereby improve the maintenance of the fixed orthodontic treatment outcome. (Korean J Orthod 2010;40(5):325-333)

Innovative customized CAD/CAM nickel-titanium lingual retainer versus standard stainless-steel lingual retainer: A randomized controlled trial

Emilie Gelin,Laurence Seidel,Annick Bruwier,Adelin Albert,Carole Charavet 대한치과교정학회 2020 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.50 No.6

Objective: To compare computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) customized nitinol retainers with standard stainless-steel fixed retainers over a 12-month study period. Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted on 62 patients randomly allocated to a control group that received stainless-steel retainers or a test group that received customized CAD/CAM nickel-titanium retainers. Four time points were defined: retainer placement (T0) and 1-month (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-up appointments. At each time point, Little’s irregularity index (LII) (primary endpoint) and dental stability measurements such as intercanine width were recorded in addition to assessment of periodontal parameters. Radiological measurements such as the incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) were recorded at T0 and T3. Failure events (wire integrity or debonding) were assessed at each time point. Results: From T0 to T3, LII and other dental measurements showed no significant differences between the two groups. The data for periodontal parameters remained stable over the study period, except for the gingival index, which was slightly, but significantly, higher in the test group at T3 (p = 0.039). The IMPA angle showed no intergroup difference. The two groups showed no significant difference in debonding events. Conclusions: This RCT conducted over a 12-month period demonstrated no significant difference between customized CAD/CAM nickel-titanium lingual retainers and standard stainless-steel lingual retainers in terms of dental anterior stability and retainer survival. Both retainers eventually appeared to be equally effective in maintaining periodontal health.

Two-year survival analysis of twisted wire fixed retainer versus spiral wire and fiber-reinforced composite retainers

Farhad Sobouti,Vahid Rakhshan,Mahdi Gholamrezaei Saravi,Ali Zamanian,Mahsa Shariati 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.2

Objective: Traditional retainers (both metal and fiber-reinforced composite [FRC]) have limitations, and a retainer made from more flexible ligature wires might be advantageous. We aimed to compare an experimental design with two traditional retainers. Methods: In this prospective preliminary clinical trial, 150 post-treatment patients were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups of 50 patients each to receive mandibular canine-to-canine retainers made of FRC, flexible spiral wire (FSW), and twisted wire (TW). The patients were monitored monthly. The time at which the first signs of breakage/debonding were detected was recorded. The success rates of the retainers were compared using chi-squared, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox proportional-hazard regression analyses (α = 0.05). Results: In total, 42 patients in the FRC group, 41 in the FSW group, and 45 in the TW group completed the study. The 2-year failure rates were 35.7% in the FRC group, 26.8% in the FSW group, and 17.8% in the TW group. These rates differed insignificantly (chi-squared p = 0.167). According to the Kaplan-Meier analysis, failure occurred at 19.95 months in the FRC group, 21.37 months in the FSW group, and 22.36 months in the TW group. The differences between the survival rates in the three groups were not significant (Cox regression p = 0.146). Conclusions: Although the failure rate of the experimental retainer was two times lower than that of the FRC retainer, the difference was not statistically significant. The experimental TW retainer was successful, and larger studies are warranted to verify these results.

『國朝名臣言行錄』의 일고찰

김영건 고전문학한문학연구학회 2024 고전과 해석 Vol.43 No.-

본고는 목차와 내용이 거의 동일한 宋徵殷의 『國朝名臣言行錄』․李存中의 『國朝名臣錄』․李翼晉의 『名臣錄』의 형식과 체제를 비교하고 분석하여 이 저서의 찬자가 송징은임을 규명하였고, 아울러 『국조명신언행록』을 중심으로 조선 명신록의 특징을 분석하여 조선 명신록의 의의를 고찰하였다. 명신록의 작자로 이존중이 거론된 것은 金鑢의 발문에서 이존중이 편찬했다고 추측한 구절이 있기 때문이다. 하지만 송징은의 명신록과 비교하였을 때 이존중의 명신록은 송징은의 명신록에서 소전의 틀린 부분을 수정하였다. 이는 송징은의 명신록을 필사하며 잘못된 부분을 고친 것이다. 무엇보다도 송징은의 신도비에서 조선 초기부터 인조 때까지 인물을 입전한 명신록을 편찬했다고 말했고, 『국조명신언행록』에 수록된 인물의 목록을 보면 그 내용 그대로 조선 초기부터 인조 때까지의 인물이 입전되어 있다. 이익진의 경우는 명신록을 편찬했다는 자료가 존재하지 않는다. 이익진의 『명신록』을 보면 책2 첫 부분에 ‘李翼晉’이라고 첨지가 붙어 있었기 때문에 이익진이 편찬했다고 오인된 것이다. 이 『명신록』에는 각 책마다 이익진 외 15인의 인물이 첨지로 명시되어 있었다. 관련한 확인한 결과 이들은 정조가 前現任 抄啓文臣 16인에게 『名臣錄』과 『人物考』를 베끼게 한 인물과 동일했다. 즉, 이들은 명신록의 찬자가 아니라 단지 필사자였던 것이다. 다음으로 『국조명신언행록』을 중심으로 기존의 연구된 명신록을 종합하여 조선 명신록의 특징을 분석하여 조선의 명신록의 특징을 세 가지로 요약하였다. 첫 번째는 주희의 명신록의 체제를 따르면서도 덕목을 추가하여 주체적으로 편찬한 저서이다. 두 번째는 입전한 인물을 다양한 자료를 가지고 정리하여 조선 인물의 총서 및 사전의 역할을 하는 자료이다. 세 번째는 명신록이 차기류 저서이기는 하나 작자가 인물에게 부여한 덕목을 통해 작자의 사상을 간접적으로 살펴볼 수 있는 자료이다. 특히 도학 항목에서 이러한 면모가 두드러지게 나타난다. This paper compares and analyzes the format and structure of three works- Song Jingŭn's Record of illustrious Retainers' Words and Deeds of the Chosŏn Dynasty (國朝名臣言行錄), Yi Jonjung's Record of illustrious Retainers (國朝名臣錄), and Song Jingŭn's Record of illustrious Retainers' Words and Deeds of the Chosŏn Dynasty (國朝名臣言行錄) to analyze the characteristics of Chosŏn's records of notable officials and explores their significance. This paper also establishes that Song Jeong-eun is the author of Kukcho myŏngshin ŏnhaengnok. The attribution of authorship to Yi Jonjung stems from a passage in the preface by Kim Ryŏ, which speculates that he might have compiled the work. However, when compared with Song Jingŭn's work, it becomes evident that Yi Jonjung's work simply corrects errors in Song Jingŭn's original. This suggests that Yi Jonjung g merely transcribed and amended the original work. Furthermore, Song Jingŭn's epitaph explicitly mentions that he compiled a record of notable officials covering the period from the early Chosŏn Dynasty to the reign of King Injo, and this is consistent with the list of figures included in Kukcho myŏngshin ŏnhaengnok. In the case of Yi Ikchin, no evidence suggests that he compiled this work. The misunderstanding that he was the author likely arose because his name appears at the beginning of the second volume of this copy, but further investigation reveals that 15 other names are also listed as contributors, all of whom were merely transcribers appointed by King Chŏngjo to copy Record of illustrious Retainers (名臣錄) and A Study of Persons (人物考). These individuals were not the actual authors of the work. The paper then refers tof existing research on the Record of illustrious Retainers and highlights three key characteristics of Chosŏn's records of notable officials. First, while these works follow the structure of Zhu Xi's Record of illustrious Retainers, they also incorporate additional virtues, reflecting a degree of independence in their compilation. Second, they serve as comprehensive sources of biographical information on Chosŏn officials, functioning as both encyclopedias and dictionaries. Third, although these works belong to the category of biographical compilations, they also provide insights into the compiler's ideological perspectives, particularly evident in the sections dedicated to Confucian moral philosophy.