창의적 체험활동의 진로활동 교육과정 변천 연구

조영남 ( Cho Young-nam ) 대경교육학회(구 우리교육학회) 2019 교육학논총 Vol.40 No.1

4차 산업혁명 시대의 특성을 반영한 진로교육의 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 이 연구는 창의적 체험활동의 4대 영역 중 하나인 진로활동 교육과정의 변천 과정을 탐구하는데 목적이 있다. 진로활동은 2009 교육과정 때 창의적 체험활동의 대 영역으로 편성되어 2015 교육과정까지 계속되고 있다. 그러나 진로활동 관련 내용은 1차 교육과정 때 특별활동에 해당되는 항목 중 ‘직업준비 및 이용후생에 관한 것’으로 처음 등장하였다. 2차 교육과정 때 특별활동의 목표에 ‘직업적 특수 기능을 기른다’는 목표가 반영되었으나, 2차 부분 개정과 3, 4, 5차 교육과정 때에는 특별활동에 진로활동 관련 목표나 내용이 반영되지 않았다. 6차 교육과정 때 대 영역인 학급활동의 하위 활동인 적응활동의 내용 중 기본생활 습관형성 활동의 예로 ‘일의 세계’와 ‘근로정신’이 반영되었다. 7차와 2007 교육과정 때는 진로활동이 대 영역인 적응활동의 하위 영역으로 편성되었다. 교육과정 개정 차시별 진로활동 관련 개념과 성격, 목표와 내용 체계를 분석한 결과, 진로활동이 2009 교육과정 때 처음 대 영역에 편성되었으나, 기본 정신은 1차 교육과정 때부터 이어져 온 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 지금까지 고시된 교육과정에는 진로활동 개념과 성격이 명확히 진술되지 않고, 목표와 내용 체계도 피상적으로 개정된 것으로 나타났다. 4차 산업혁명 시대에 적합한 진로활동 교육과정을 통해 학생들이 자아 정체성을 확립하고 진로를 자기 주도적으로 탐색하고 설계할 수 있는 능력을 기를 수 있도록 해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of career activity curriculum in creative experience activity. Career means to develop one’s own future for happy life. The importance of career education is reflected in the educational ideals and goals of Korea and core competences and career activity curriculum in creative experience activity. Content related to the career activity was firstly introduced as an example of extra-curricular activity in the 1^st curriculum. Objective related to the career activity was firstly introduced in the 2^nd curriculum. In the 7^th curriculum, career activity was reflected as a sub-domain of adjustment activity of extra-curricular activity and continued to the 2007 curriculum. In the 2009 curriculum, extra-curricular and school discretion activity was integrated into the creative experience activity and continued to the 2015 curriculum. Career activity was firstly introduced as a main domain of creative experience activity in the 2009 curriculum and continued to the 2015 curriculum. Analyzing the characteristics, objectives, and contents of career activity, it has been revealed that career activity as a main domain organized firstly into the 2009 curriculum, the basic spirit is continued from the 1^st curriculum and successively evolved to the 2015 curriculum except 3^rd-5^th curriculum. But the objectives and contents of career activity revised a little bit formally without valid grounds like other main domains of creative experience activity. For the efficient implementation of career activity, national curriculum should present more valid and reasonable standards for teachers and students. Also, it is needed to help the students to cultivate the competence of career reflecting the spirit of 4^th industrial revolution era.

특성화 고등학교 학생들의 학년 변화에 따른 진로활동 유형별 인식과 진로성숙도와의 영향관계 분석

하동엽 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.18

Objectives In this study, the relationship between career activity types and career maturity according to the grade change of students from Vocational high schools was analyzed. Methods For this purpose, data from the 7th year (2016: 515 persons), 8th year (2017: 479 persons), and 9th year (2018: 462 persons) of the Seoul Education Longitudinal Study 2010 were used. In addition, three career activity types were set as independent variables and career maturity was set as dependent variable. Based on the set independent and dependent variables, descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis by grade were conducted. Results As a result of descriptive statistics, the perception of career activity types and career maturity of students from vocational high schools were maintained at a moderate level. In addition, students from vocational high schools were positively aware of counseling with their parents in the analysis of career activity types, and the level of self-understanding was relatively low compared to other factors in the analysis of career maturity. Next, as a result of multiple regression analysis, the career maturity of students in vocational high schools was influenced by counseling activities and information acquisition activities in the order of the first year of high school, in the order of information acquisition activities and counseling activities during the second year of high school, and in the order of information acquisition activities and counseling activities in the third year of high school. The timing was influenced only by the participation activity. Conclusions Based on this, it was suggested to check the contents and qualitative aspects of career activities, the need for parent training, consider ways to strengthen self-understanding, and apply career education stages according to the analysis of influence relationships.

창의적 체험활동을 활용한 사회과 교과지도와 진로활동의 연계 가능성 탐색: 법관련 단원을 중심으로

임경수 교육종합연구원 2012 교육종합연구 Vol.10 No.2

This study was motivated by the awareness that career guidance of social studies should be achieved in terms of integrated perspective, pointing out the issues of separative view between teaching social studies and career-related activities. This study figures out a plan that can connect teaching social studies at middle school and career-related activities through making use of creative experience activities. More specifically, career-related activities that have to do with topics about law from each unit were found. Furthermore, focusing on career-related activities, a proposal was made to be able to connect and incorporate creative experience activities effectively. In order to flourish career education in social studies at secondary school more actively, it is necessary that increased interest from teachers in career education, awareness of integrative teaching method, awareness that ultimate goal of creative experience activities was career-related activities, improved curriculum and textbooks, developing curriculum and integrated career education activities, and establishing system on general career information online. Finally, future study should cover operating subject class system related with career education of social studies, developing curriculum and textbook, activity materials, operation model of various creative experience activity related with career activities, verifying educational effectiveness, establishing collaborative network with competent authorities and general career information system.

청소년기 진로상담 만족도, 대학 전공만족도 및 진로성숙도간의 관계 분석: 대학 전공선택 요인의 조절효과

어윤경 한국상담학회 2011 상담학연구 Vol.12 No.5

In the present study, I verified if the career counseling activity is affected in decision-making criterion for major and is affected in college student’s major satisfaction. The objects of study were 2,833 korean college students. This study was conducted to verify if college student’s major satisfaction is affected in college students’ career maturation. The results of the study showed that generally, the career counseling activity is affected in college students’ level of inner decision-making criterion for major. At the same time it increases significantly according to their the career counseling activity and college student’s major satisfaction. Also, college students’ career maturation increases significantly according to their college student’s major satisfaction. But decision-making criterion for major no longer showed any regulating effect between the career counseling activity and college student’s major satisfaction. The use of the relations between the career counseling activity, college student’s major satisfaction and career maturation will enable the establishment of suggestions not only on the psychological variables related to college student’s major satisfaction but also on the importance of the career counseling activity. This study suggests that the career counseling activity can increase college student’s major satisfaction and career maturation effectively. 본 연구는 대학 입학후 전공만족에 영향을 미치는 변인으로 청소년기에 지속적으로 이루어졌던 진로상담 활동과 입학과정에서 전공을 선택한 요인에 초점을 맞추었다. 연구문제로 진로상담 만족도가 대학 진학시 전공선택 요인에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 검증하고, 아울러 진로상담 만족도가 대학 전공만족도에 미치는 영향과 대학 전공만족도가 대학생의 진로성숙도에 미치는 영향이 어떠한지 검증하고자 하였다. 이 때 진로상담 만족도와 대학 전공만족도와의 관계에서 전공선택 요인의 조절효과가 유의미하게 나타나는지 검증하였다. 본 연구문제를 검증하기 위하여 청소년 패널자료(KYPS)의 6차년도 대학생 응답자료를 활용하여 대학 전공선택 요인, 대학 전공만족도. 진로성숙도, 진로상담 만족도를 분석하였다. 분석 방법으로는 진로상담 만족도가 진로선택 요인에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을, 진로상담 만족도, 대학 전공만족도, 진로성숙도 변인 간의 영향을 검증하기 위해 회귀분석을, 전공선택 요인이 대학 전공만족도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 중다 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 만족스러운 진로상담을 많이 경험할수록 내적인 선택요인에 의해 전공을 선택하는 것으로 나타났다. 또, 대학 입학후에도 전공에 대한 만족도가 높았고 대학 전공만족도가 높을수록 진로성숙도가 높아졌다. 본 연구는 대학생의 전공에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위해서는 전공선택 과정에서도 외적인 선택요인보다 내적인 선택요인을 더 중요하게 고려하는 것이 바람직한데, 이를 위해 청소년 시기부터 지속적으로 내실있는 진로상담 활동을 경험하게 하는 것이 필요함을 시사하고 있다. 만족스러운 진로상담 경험은 결국 대학생활에 대한 적응력과 전반적인 진로성숙 수준을 높여 졸업 후의 진로설계에도 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

활동중심 진로교육 프로그램이 초등학교 저학년의 진로인식에 미치는 효과

이민희,김재호 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.24

Objectives Through this study, we would like to find out how activity-oriented career education programs affect the career perception of lower elementary school students. The purpose is to analyze the effect of activity-oriented career education programs considering learners' interest and development characteristics on elementary school career perception and present basic data to strengthen elementary school career education. Methods To this end, the researcher developed a total of 12 activity-oriented career education programs. In order to verify the effectiveness of the above program, we used the test tool of Choi Hyejin(2017), which modified and supplemented the career awareness test developed by Yoonkyung Eo(2008) in the ‘Research on the Development of Career Awareness Test for Elementary School Students’ to suit the level of elementary school students. To find out the effect of the activity-based career education program on career recognition for lower grades of elementary school, a statistical analysis was conducted on the changes of the two groups before and after the experiment. Results Compared to before the experiment, the overall score of the experimental group increased significantly after the experiment was completed, indicating that the activity-based career education program had a positive effect on the career perception of lower elementary school students. In addition, as a result of analyzing the pre- and post-test results of the experimental group and the control group, career recognition scores did not increase in the control group without applying the activity-based career education program, while career recognition scores of the experimental group applied the program increased significantly. Conclusions The activity-oriented program developed in consideration of the development characteristics and interests of lower-grade elementary school students had a positive effect on cultivating students' career awareness. Through this, it is necessary to actively develop career education programs that are different from games, activities, and experiences that lower-grade students can experience in school, and to develop healthy self-concept and proper job values through career education.

대졸 취업 예정자들의 스트레스 요인에 관한 연구: 진로의식성숙과 자기 효능감의 조절효과를 중심으로

천만봉,이종구 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.6

In the recent situation that the worldwide recession continues and it is hard to get a job, young generations who face poverty is increasing. And this circumstance makes them reluctant to marry and have a baby, creating a vicious cycle. Moreover, since they entered a university, prospective employers of college graduates have been increasingly spending their time in a pre-employment activity such as, language study aborad, TOEIC, TOEFL, and school record, to get a better job, feeling stressful about employment. Thus, this study includes stressful factors Korean prospective employers of college graduates feel and how stressfully these factors affect them. In addition, it examines ways to reduce their stress, and suggests how to respond. First of all, this study analyzed how career barriers, pre-employment activity, and job search supporting program each university conducts impacts job seeking stress of graduand in korean, and looked into parameters like self-efficacy, career attitude maturity, which can reduce the influence factor. As a result, to begin with, it turned out that career barriers prospective employers of college graduates feel are the factor which increases job seeking stress, and it showed the same result as Park and Lee (2008). Second, it is found that pre-employment activity, such as language skill, school record, internship, which prospective employers of college graduates prepare to get a job they want, increases job seeking stress. This means pre-employment activity to get a good job makes prospective employers of college graduates stressful itself. And it also showed the same result as Park et al. (2005) study that deficient pre-employment activity, pressure, and uncertainty generate job seeking stress. Third, it is discovered that each university’s job search supporting program for improving employment rate can’t reduce job seeking stress. It doesn’t match the result of Park (2005) and Chang (2001), because prospective employers of college graduates don’t participate actively in the job search supporting program. Meanwhile, as a result of analyzing career attitude maturity control of self-efficacy as a factor to reduce the job seeking stress, career attitude maturity works as a moderating variable to reduce job seeking stress about employment, but doesn’t reduce job seeking stress regarding career barriers and job search supporting program. This doesn’t match the result of Lee and Lim (2001) study before. Next, as prospective employers of college graduates’ self-efficacy increase, it works as a moderating variable to reduce job seeking stress concerning career barriers and job search supporting program, but it is invalid in pre-employment activity. This is same result as Kim and Cho (2011), Baek (2011), and Chang (2001). Among factors to influence job seeking stress, pre-employment activity is more effective than career barriers, because prospective employers of college graduates focus on various pre-employment activities when looking for jobs. However, although too much job seeking stress prospective employers of college graduates feel in pre-employment activity makes problem, proper level of job seeking stress can play a good role in pre-employment activity by reducing a tension. Some results of this study don’t match the pre-studies’. In order to complement them, countermeasures employment-institutions in a university prepare is as below. First, for pre-employment activity to reduce job seeking stress which isn’t valid in this study, it is required that pre-employment activity needs reinforcing or needs to consist of mainly important contents, and needs to be promoted increasingly to prospective employers of college graduates. Second, in order to lower the career barriers, it is essential to provide overall information about employment. The information needs to be divided into the one head office of a university is responsible for and the other each college is in charge of. Thi... 본 연구는 대졸 취업 예정자들의 스트레스의 요인들을 살펴보고, 이들 요인들이 취업 예정자들에게 어느 정도의 스트레스를 주고 있는지에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 분석결과를 살펴보면, 취업 예정자들이 느끼는 진로장벽은 스트레스를 증가시키는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 대졸 취업 예정자들이 원하는 직장에 취업하기 위해 준비하는 취업준비활동은 스트레스를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 대졸 취업 예정자들이 원하는 곳에 취업하기 위한 준비활동의 그 자체만으로도 그들 스스로가 스트레스를 받고 있는 것으로 생각된다. 셋째, 대졸 취업 예정자들의 취업률 향상을 위해 각 대학에서 운영하고 있는 취업지원프로그램은 스트레스를 줄여주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 대졸 취업 예정자들의 스트레스를 줄여줄 수 있는 요인으로 진로의식성숙과 자기 효능감의 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 진로의식성숙은 취업준비활동이 스트레스에 미치는 영향에서 취업스트레스를 줄여주는 조절변수로서의 역할을 수행하는 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 진로장벽과 취업지원프로그램에서는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 자기 효능감은 진로장벽과 취업지원프로그램이 스트레스에 미치는 영향관계에서 이를 줄여줄 수 있는 요인으로 나타났으나, 취업준비활동에는 유의하지 않는 것으로 보여주었다. 한편, 대부분의 선행연구들이 각 변수들에 대한 영향관계를 설명하는 부분에 있어 일부의 내용들만으로 설명을 시도하였지만, 본 연구에서는 보다 구체적인 내용을 제시함으로써 보다 명확한 변수들 간의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그리고 본 연구에서 취업스트레스에 미치는 영향요인을 분석함과 동시에 이를 줄일 수 있는 요인변수로 진로의식성숙과 자기 효능감을 통해 대응기법을 제시하였다는 점에서 시사점을 제공하였다.

직업카드를 활용한 여대생의 집단 진로탐색활동이 진로정체감과 진로결정수준에 미치는 영향

이윤우 한국진로교육학회 2010 진로교육연구 Vol.23 No.1

This Study aimed to confirm the effect of career searching program using vocational cards for helping career searching and career decision of female university students who have to form their career identity and make decision of career on increase of female university students’ career identity and career decision making. For these purposes, this study divided female students attending in the faculty of Liberal Arts into two groups (i.e., ‘Control Group’ consisting of 30 students and ‘Experiment Group’ consisting of 30 students), and then carried out career searching program for each 10 students of ‘Experiment Group’ as one group for 2 hours and 30 minutes for two days. For confirming that these 60 students are included in cohort group, this study carried out career identity test as a pre-test and career decision making test in the classroom one day before card sorting activity, and, as a post-test, career identity test and career decision making test were performed for 60 students in the classroom one week after career searching activities. In order to identify the difference between the Experiment Group and the Control Group in career identity and career decision making, ANCOVA analysis was performed as a post-test after controlling the pre-test, and SPSS WIN 12.0 program was used for statistics process. First, the result showed that in increasing career identity of female university students, career searching activities using vocational cards of the Experiment Group is significantly higher than those of Control Group in the aspect of statistics. This showed that career searching activities using vocational cards could provide an opportunity to make correction of wrong recognition of career which has been considered vaguely and simply, or any prejudice as well as to understand and search the world of occupations. In addition, career searching activities served to enhance career identity that enables a person to establish a goal and plan for her career by identifying her interest in occupation and aptitude through a process of classifying the occupations and the grounds. Second, this study showed that career searching activities using vocational cards enhanced the career decision making of female university students in the Experiment Group much significantly higher than in the Control Group in the aspect of statistics. This result showed that career searching activities using vocational cards could provide an opportunity to find a preferred (desired) occupation out of various occupations by providing various information that help understanding the characteristics of occupation. Furthermore, these career searching activities proved to be effective activities in enhancing the career decision making by experiencing the process of selecting career or occupation through a process of recording the top 10 preferred occupations and determining the final 3 occupations among them. Meanwhile, if a student already determined her career but the final occupation is different from the occupation determined by her, these activities can provide such student with an opportunity to reconsider whether such occupation is suitable for her interest and aptitude. Furthermore, if such occupation is not suitable for her and she may suffer inner conflict and confusion, these activities can provide her with an important opportunity to reestablish her career more firmly. In conclusion, it can be suggested that the group career searching activity of this study is an effective activity that can enhance career identity and career decision making of female university students. 본 연구는 진로정체감을 형성하고 진로를 결정하여 취업을 준비해야 할 여대생의 진로탐색 및 진로결정을 돕기 위해 직업카드를 활용한 여대생의 집단 진로탐색 프로그램이 진로정체감과 진로결정수준을 높여주는지에 대한 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 서울시 소재 모대학교 교양학부 강좌를 듣는 여학생을 대상으로 두 그룹 즉, 통제집단 30명, 실험집단 30명으로 구분하여 실험집단은 2시간30분 동안 이틀에 걸쳐서 한 집단에 10명씩 배정하여 진로탐색프로그램을 실시하였다. 이들 60명을 동질성 집단임을 확인하기 위하여 사전검사인 진로정체감 검사와 진로결정수준 검사를 진로탐색활동 전날 본교 강의실에서 실시하였고, 사후검사는 진로탐색활동 일주 후에 본교 강의실에서 60명전원이 진로정체감 검사와 진로결정수준 검사를 실시하였다. 진로정체감과 진로결정수준에 대한 실험집단과 통제집단의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 사전검사를 통제한 후 사후검사를 공변량(ANCOVA) 분석으로 실시하였고, 통계처리는 SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램으로 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 직업카드를 활용한 진로탐색활동이 여자대학생의 진로정체감을 향상시키는데 실험집단이 통제집단 보다 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았다. 이는 직업카드를 활용한 진로탐색활동이 막연하고 단순하게 생각했던 진로에 대한 잘못된 인식이나 선입견을 바로 잡는 계기가 되어 현실적으로 직업세계를 이해하고 탐색할 수 있었음을 알 수 있다. 또한 직업을 분류하고 이유를 찾는 과정을 통해 자신의 직업흥미와 적성을 확실히 알게 됨으로서 자신의 진로에 대한 목표와 계획을 수립할 수 있는 진로정체감을 높여줄 수 있는 진로탐색활동임을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 직업카드를 활용한 진로탐색활동이 통제집단보다 실험집단에서 여자대학생의 진로결정수준을 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이는 직업카드를 활용한 진로탐색활동이 직업에 대한 특성을 이해할 수 있는 다양한 정보를 제공함으로서 다양한 직업들 중에서 선호(희망)직업을 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 선호직업에서 가장 좋아하는 직업 10개를 찾아 순위를 기록하고 그 중에서 3개의 최종직업을 판정하는 과정을 통해 진로나 직업을 선택하는 과정을 경험함으로서 진로결정수준을 높이는데 효과적인 활동임을 알 수 있다. 반면 이미 진로를 결정한 학생이 최종직업이 다를 경우 이미 선택한 직업이 자신의 흥미와 적성에 맞는 직업인지 되돌아보게 되고, 만약에 맞지 않는 직업이라면 갈등과 혼란을 경험하게 되는데 이는 자신의 진로를 더욱 확고히 재정립할 수 있는 중요한 계기가 될 수 있음으로 보인다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 집단 진로탐색활동은 여자대학생의 진로정체감과 진로결정수준을 높여주는데 효과적인 활동임을 시사하고 있다.

진로탐색활동이 중학생의 창의성에 미치는 영향에 관한 종단 분석

민수빈(Min Soo bin),김이경(Kim Ee gyeong) 한국열린교육학회 2017 열린교육연구 Vol.25 No.3

This study examined the aspect of change in career exploration activity and students’ creativity by the latent growth model which determines developmental aspect of variables over time, and performed the longitudinal analysis to prove the activity s effect on their creativity. For the purpose of this research, the latent growth model validation was performed with longitudinal panel data of 3,041 middle school students from the Seoul Educational Longitudinal Study (SELS) in South Korea. The analysis method and procedure are as follows. In order to confirm the aspect of change in career exploration activity and creativity and to verify their longitudinal influence relationship, the latent growth model for individual variables was compared with the competition model to find the optimal model. The optimal model was integrated and led to the analysis on the latent growth model. Then, the effect of the career exploration activity satisfaction variable on the change trajectory was analyzed by extending the research model. The data analysis showed that career exploration activity scores increased as grades increased, but students’ creativity decreased as grades increased. Second, the initial value of career exploration activity had a significantly positive effect on the initial value of creativity, while showed a negative effect on the creativity change rate. The change rate of career exploration activity had a positive effect on the rate of change of creativity. Third, satisfaction of career exploration activity which is a predictor positively influenced the initial value and change rate of career exploration activity, and also had a positive effect on the initial value of creativity. Based on these findings, the study discussed the importance of the career exploration activity in improving the students’ creativity, and drew a few policy implications including strengthening policies that stimulate career exploration activities. 본 연구는 현재 상당한 예산과 자원이 투입되고 있는 진로탐색활동의 중요성을 실증적으로 검증하고, 진로탐색활동이 미래 핵심역량인 학생의 창의성 함양에 있어 효과가 있는지 밝히기 위해 진로탐색활동이 중학생의 창의성에 미치는 영향에 대한 종단 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 서울교육종단연구(SELS)의 4~6차년도 중학교 데이터 중 학생 3,041명의 응답자료를 활용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, 다변량 잠재성장 모형검증 방법으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 학생들의 진로탐색활동은 학년이 올라갈수록 증가하는 경향을 보인 것에 반해, 학생들의 창의성은 오히려 하락하는 양상을 보였다. 둘째, 진로탐색활동의 초기치 는 창의성의 초기치에 유의미한 정적 효과를, 창의성의 변화율에는 부적 효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났으 며, 진로탐색활동의 변화율은 창의성의 변화율에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 예측변 수인 진로탐색활동의 유용성 정도는 진로탐색활동의 초기치와 변화율에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 창의 성의 초기치에도 정적 효과를 가졌다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 학생들이 경험하는 진로탐색활동이 그들의 창 의성 함양에 의미 있는 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이를 토대로 진로탐색활동 관련 정책의 확대 및 내실화를 겨냥한 행·재정적 지원 등 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

대학생의 통재소재와 역기능적 진로사고에 따른 진로탐색행동

김세정 한국진로교육학회 2008 진로교육연구 Vol.21 No.2

This research aimed to study the relationship between dysfunctional career thoughts and career search activities, and the relationship between locus of control and career search activities. The research included a questionnaire -based survey on five hundred students currently enrolled in 4-year college courses. Among the 500 questionnaires, 388 have been recollected, 118 were improperly answered, and the remaining 270 (149 male respondents and 119 female respondents) were analyzed. Career Search Activity Index for College Students, Career Thoughts Inventory, and Locus of Control Index were employed. The following results were obtained. First, career search activities of Korean college students are in a negative correlation with dysfunctional career thoughts and in a positive correlation with locus of control. Career search activities are found to be influenced by inner control at the motivational level, and dysfunctional career thoughts at the intellectual level. In other words, career search activities increase if the inner control is higher and dysfunctional career thoughts are lower. This implies that college students can be encouraged to get involved in career search activities through inner control like efforts to search for jobs and increasing one's abilities, rather than outer control like luck, unemployment rate, and labor market condition. Second, career search activities are in a negative correlation with sub-factors of dysfunctional career thoughts namely, confusions in decision-making, commitment anxiety, external conflicts, and negative thoughts. In other words, career search activities increase if confusions in decision-making, commitment anxiety, and external conflicts are low. Therefore, it is necessary to decrease dysfunctional thoughts through personal career counseling or group career programs. Third, career search activities are in positive correlations with interest in career and one's positive thinking on getting a job. It can be concluded that interest in career has greater influence on career search activities more than variables like college, academic year, major, etc. 본 연구는 통제소재와 진로탐색행동, 역기능적 진로사고와 진로탐색행동과의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 500명의 학생들에게 대학생용 진로탐색행동 척도, 진로사고검사, 통제소재 척도를 묶은 설문지를 배포하여 실시하였다. 그 중 388부가 회수되었고, 무성의한 설문지 118부를 제외한 270명의 설문지를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동기 차원에서는 내적 통제가, 인지적 차원에서는 역기능적 진로사고가 진로탐색행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 행운, 노동시장 현황과 같은 외적 통제보다 자신의 취업을 위한 노력, 실력과 같은 내적 통제로 대학생들의 진로탐색행동을 촉진시킬 수 있다는 것을 나타낸다. 둘째, 역기능적 진로사고 전체와 각 하위요인인 의사결정혼란, 수행불안, 외적갈등이 낮을수록 진로탐색행동이 높아진다. 따라서 개인의 진로상담이나 진로집단 프로그램에서 역기능적 사고를 줄여주는 전략이 필요하다. 후속연구를 위해 본 연구의 제한점을 두 가지 정도로 추려보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구대상의 일반화에 한계가 있다. 서울, 경기, 충남의 대학생들로 한정했기 때문에 전체 대학생들에게 본 연구결과를 일반화하는데 한계가 있다. 둘째, 통제소재 척도는 최근의 것을 사용하는 것이 더 정확한 연구가 될 것이며, 역기능적 진로사고는 국내 연구가 많지 않으므로 다른 변인과의 비교연구가 필요하겠다.

자유학기 진로탐색 활동의 실행에 관한 교사 인식 분석

박소영 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.6

The purpose of this study is to analyze the teachers' perceptions about the career activities in the schools which operate the free school system and to suggest implications for improvement of career activities. As a research method, I used questionnaires and in - depth interviews with teachers. As a result of the questionnaire analysis, it was found that most schools conducted out of school experience for career exploration activities and this was done more than four times. The lessons that linked subject with career search was most frequently more than 4 times. There was a difference in factors that had difficulty in planning or implementing out-of-school career activities, depending on experience with free semester and teacher training. As a result of analyzing the contents of the in - depth interviews, the teachers recognized the necessity and the achievement of the free semester system positively, but also the various difficulties in preparing and operating the career search activity. In order to improve career search activities, I propose the following. Firstly, there is a need to establish a plan to share vision and positive outcomes of career search activities. Secondly, it is necessary to expand the support system for career experience activities of out-of-school. Thirdly, there is a need to reduce the workload of teachers and provide internal and external compensation. Subsequently, it is necessary to seek strengthening of career search activities through research on students' and parents' perceptions and needs. 이 연구는 중학교 자유학기제를 운영하는 학교에서 이루어지는 진로활동의 실행에 관한 교원의 인식을 분석하고, 그 결과를 바탕으로 진로활동의 개선 방안에 대한 시사점을 도출하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 연구방법으로는 교원을 대상으로 하는 설문조사와 심층면담을 활용하였다. 조사 대상은 K 교육청내의 자유학기제 희망학교 교원이다. 설문 분석의 결과, 진로탐색 활동을 위해 학교 밖 진로 체험이 가장 많이 이루어졌으며, 학교 밖 진로 체험은 4회 이상 실시하는 학교가 가장 많고, 교과 내용과 진로 내용을 연계한 정도는 4회 이상인 경우가 가장 많았다. 자유학기제 운영 경험 및 연수 경험에 따라 학교 밖 진로 체험활동을 기획하거나 실행할 때 어려움을 겪는 요소들에 차이가 있었다. 그리고 심층면담의 내용을 분석한 결과, 교사들은 자유학기제의 필요성과 성과를 긍정적으로 인식하는 반면, 진로탐색 활동을 준비하고 운영하는 데 따르는 여러 가지 어려움을 토로하였다. 진로활동의 개선을 위해 연구자는 다음과 같이 제안하고자 한다. 첫째, 진로탐색 활동의 비전과 긍정적 성과를 구성원들이 공유할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 둘째, 학교 밖 진로 체험활동을 위한 지원 체제를 확충할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 교원의 업무 부담을 경감시키고 내적, 외적 보상을 제공할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 본 연구는 진로탐색 활동의 실태를 분석하기 위해 교원의 인식을 중심으로 연구하였으나, 후속적으로는 학생 및 학부모들의 인식 및 요구에 대한 연구를 통해 진로탐색 활동의 내실화를 추구할 필요가 있다.