컴퓨터 법에 있어서의 책임에 관한 연구

鄭鎭世,鄭在晃,方碩皓,河泰勳,李成德,崔鳳哲 홍익대학교 1995 弘大論叢 Vol.27 No.-

This paper, coauthored by Chin-Se Chung, as well as other 5 faculty members at Hong-Ik University Department of Law (Jea-Hwang Jeong, Suk-Ho Bang, Tae-Hoon Ha, Seong-Deog Yi and Bong-Chul Choi), deals with liability issuses surrounding constitutional law, administrative law, civil law (contracts, torts), commercial law, criminal law, international law and philosophy & law. Professor of Law Jea-Hwang Jeong makes a comparative analysis of privacy protection and disclosure of information legal issues, appeared at current Korean law and draft of law in case of the latter one. He suggestes some desirable ways of legislation through revision process and operation of legal rules at his paper. Professor of Law Suk-Ho Bang makes a brief survey of civil liability issues arising out of contracts and torts in English and American law, first. He tries to show that many Parts of arguments in such legal world are attributed to Statute of Frauds tradition, unique to such legal world. New developments in the area of torts, including computer malpractice and computer virus, are shown and analysed in terms of application possibility under our current law. But, as even the Anglo-American courts are found very reluctant to accept those arguments as new grounds for torts liability, it seems more plausible and practicable to refer to contractual approach, basically, rather than to torts approach even under English American law. Professor of Law Chin-Se Chung suggests in his paper on EFT that the allocation of liability under EFT be made under the new and most relevant principle, working for useful transmission way of fund, not solely under traditional legal principles. If such new principle works with high return of risk to users, it makes imminent problems against the goats of consumer protection, and eventually will be hardly refered to. Conversely, if it requires too much sacrifice from the side of banks, then the convenience in such system will not be utilized. So, it may be natural that EFT be discarded even without proper functioning under market system. In conclusion, Professor Chung points out that, only when banks fond that the economy out of cost-saving at tasks outweighs the risk undertaken by the banks, the banks will operate the system. But, if this system makes more return of benefits to the banks with the burden of users, it is against the idea of equity. Consequently, the banks should bear the aggeviated risks in return for the cost saved under this system Professor of Law Tae-Hoon Ha focuses his research paper on criminal liability under EFT. He draws his conclusion out of current criminal statutes that illegal fund transfer under automatic teller machines, cash cards and information system can not be penalized due to lack of proper statutory provision. So, the criminal provision on computer crime, newly made on December of 1995, can be positively appreciated. But, he anticipates that the question whether such new provision will be successful in regulating all illegal activites at fund transfor system without any operation defects in criminal code, or will cause new problem in interpretation of criminal code remains unsolved. Professor of Law Seong-Deog Yi examines the international legal issues which may be given rise to by direct satellite broadcasting. In his paper, the issue of national jurisdiction in relation to direct satellite broadcasting is firstly dealt with. Secondly, the possible ways in which direct satellite broadcasting is regulated by international law are examined with special emphasis of two different approaches, that is, freedom of information approach and state sovereignty approach. In this context, many international conventions concerning direct satellite broadcasting in Particular, and international regulatory regime of outer space in general are broadly reviewed. Thirdly, the types of activities which may be a violation of international legal regime of direct satellite broadcasting are suggested and the possible lethal remedies for these violations are proposed with the traditional international state responsibility law in mind. Professor of Law Bong-Chul Choi explores the relations of computerized society to its laws throughout his paper as a kind of conclusion of this whole paper. Computerized society is one that the technical, scientific, informational knowledge prevails. With correspondence to the structural change in knowledge, the law of such a society has suffered transformation, and the knowledge and techniques distributing and computing legal responsibility has also changed. However, he does not insist that the diffusion of technical knowledge is the sole factor of the transformation of legal responsibility. It is only one of the various factors. Moreover, he does not deny the continuation between the classical techniques distributing legal responsibility and the contemporary ones. In this era, the law realizes fairness and community values at the expense of singularities. In addition, he proposes that legal scholars take the diagnosis of law from the perspective of the technology/knowledge shifts seriously.

Staphylococcus lugdunensis에 의한 감염성 심내막염 1예

최성호,박현구,변승운,구동회,강호석,장항제,김양수,우준희,김영휘,최상호 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) that is commonly found on the human perineal skin. Contrary to other CNS, S. lugdunensis is a rare contaminant in cultures and has the potential to cause clinically significant infections, including infective endocarditis. Infective endocarditis due to S. lugdunensis have been known to resemble endocarditis due to S. aureus because of its aggressive clinical course and high mortality. We report a case of infective endocarditis caused by S. lugdunensis in a 21-year-old woman. She was cured of the infection with surgical and antibiotic therapy. S. lugdunensis에 의한 감염성 심내막염은 국내에서보고가 없었던 매우 드물지만 다양한 합병증과 높은 사망률을 보이는 감염증이다. 저자들은 S. lugdunensis가 수술적 치료와 항생제 치료로 완치된 감염성 심내막염 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

7두의 개에서 배설성 요로조영술을 통한 신장 기능 평가

최윤정,이기자,최형준,이용진,박성준,송근호,정성목,최호정,이영원 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 動物醫科學硏究所 2005 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Excretory urography is a type of contrast study used to verify and localize upper urinary tract disease. It is an inexpensive and easy way to visualize of anatomic and functional status of the kidney and has been used as a primary imaging modality for the evaluation of urinary tract abnormalities. We describe urological signs of 7 dogs who examined with excretory urography and ultrasonography. Six cases were referred to veterinary medical teaching hospital. Chungnam national university (VMTH, CNU) to evaluate renal function after the treatment for renal failure and one case was referred showing hematuria. In case 1, 2 and 4, blood test and urinalysis was normal and the results of excretory urography presented that renal function were normal range. In case 3, the results of urinalysis, ultrasonography, and excretory urography except blood test presented abnormal kidney and hydronephrosis was diagnosed. In case 5 and 6, blood test, urinalysis, ultrasonography and excretory urography indicated renal failure. In case 7, blood test, urinalysis and ultrasonography presented partially abnormal signs, however, the results of excretory urography was normal range.

8년간(1992~1999) 산업안전보건연구원에 의뢰된 직업병 심의 사례 분석

강성규,김규상,김양호,최정근,안연순,진영우,최병순,양정선,김은아,채창호,최용휴,김대성,박정선,정호근 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardio-cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Methods : The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999. Results : Male was 80.7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75.5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50.7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4%), cancers(18.5%), Neuropsychiatric problems(14.5%), and musculoskeletal problems(13.5%). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73.6% of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28.5 % were by organic solvents. 67% of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country. Conclusions : A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

간 이식 환자에서 발생한 파종성 Scedosporium apiospermum 감염 1예

박현구,최성호,강호석,송주형,정지훈,소민욱,최상호,김양수,우준희 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

저자들은 다발성 뇌 농양을 동반한 치명적인 파종성 S. apiospermum 감염이 발생한 간 이식 환자를 경험하였다. 본 증례의 환자는 voriconazole로 치료하는 호전경과를 보이다가 진균성 뇌 동맥류 파열로 사망하였다. S. apio-spermum은 비교적 드문 진균으로 병리학적으로 Aspergillus spp.와 매우 유사하고 amphotericin B에 내성을 나타내므로 진단과 치료가 적절하게 이루어지지 못할 가능성이 많고 면역 기능 저하 환자에서 혈행성 전파를 통한 파종성 감염이 용이하게 발생하므로 높은 사망률을 나타낸다. 이식 환자를 비롯한 면역 기능 저하 환자에서 진균감염이 의심될 때 S. apiospermum과 같은 드문 진균에 의한 감염증도 감별진단에 포함해야 하겠다. Sedosporium apiospermum is a saprophytic fungus commonly found in soil and polluted water. This organism is known as a cause of mycetoma, which may occur in immunocompetent hosts following trauma. However, in immunocompromised patients, S. apiospermum can also cause life-threatening invasive disease, including central nervous system infection or disseminated infection. We report a fatal case of disseminated S. apiospermum infection in a 46-year-old woman after liver transplantation. Eight days postoperatively, she developed pneumonia, followed by altered mentality in the 15 days. A head CT demonstrated multiple brain abscesses. Sputum and stereotactic-aspirated brain abscess culture yielded S. apiospermum. Despite treatment with voriconazole, the patient died of intracranial hemorrhage.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

출산후 여성의 우울성향과 영아 기질, 양육 스트레스 및 대처방식과의 연관성

최영민,이승휘,김영미,이정호,전성일,이기철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

목 적 : 산후우울증의 발생은 출산 직후부터 1년까지 지속될 수 있고 출산 이후에도 오랜 기간동안 발생 가능성이 있으며, 산후우울증을 단순히 선행하는 감정적 문제, 통제 소재, 사회적지지, 출산과 동반된 생리적 변인만으로 설명할 수 없다. 그러므로 산후우울증은 출산후 산모-영아 상호관계에서 겪게되는 어려운 영아의 기질, 산모가 영아를 양육하면서 겪게되는 양육 스트레스, 그리고 산모의 대처 방식과 연관이 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 산후우울증과 영아 기질, 양육 스트레스, 대처방식을 변인으로 하여 산후우울증과의 연관성을 평가하기위해 산후의 우울성향과 각 변인의 관계를 연구하였다. 방 법 : 연구의 대상은 1996년 7월 16일부터 8월 27일까지 인제 대학교 의과대학 부속 상계백병원 소아과 외래에 예방 접종을 위해 내원한 4개월에서 12개월 사이의 영아를 둔 산모 105명을 대상으로 하였다. Beck우울척도(BDI), 영아기질척도(EAS), 부모 양육스트레스 목록표(PSI), 대처방식척도(WCC)를 사용하여 산후의 우울성향과 이들 변인과의 연관성을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결 과 : 1) 어머니의 우울성향 점수는 영아의 기질중 부정적 정서성(r=.26 p<0.05), 과도한 활동성(r=.22 p<0.05)과 유의미한 상관 관계를 보였다. 영아의 사회성 척도와는 부적 상관이 있었으나 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았다. 2) 어머니의 우울성향 점수는 양육 스트레스와는 정적 상관관계가 있었다(r=.44 p<0.001). 3) 어머니의 우울성향 점수와 대처방식과 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 4) 영아의 부정적 정서성과 양육 스트레스는 정적 상관관계가 있었으나(r=.49 p<0.001) 사회성, 활동성과의 상관관계는 유의미하지 않았다. 양육 스트레스와 대처방식과도 통계적으로 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과, 산모의 산후 우울성향과 첫째, 영아 기질 중 정서성과 활동성이 연관관계가 있고 둘째, 양육스트레스와 연관이 있으나 세째, 대처방식과는 연관이 없었다. 이런 결과는 산후의 우울성향과 각 요인과의 연관성을 살펴볼 때 산후우울증에 더 중요한 영향을 미치는 것은 산모의 대처 방식이라는 어머니 측의 변인보다는 출산과 동반된 양육 스트레스 혹은 영아의 어려운 기질일 것이라고 추론할 수 있다. Objectives : This Study examined the relationship of depressive tendency in postpartum women with psychosocial factors such as infant temperament, parental stress and coping style. Methods : The subjects consisted of 05 postpartum women, each of whom had an infant aged 4 to 12 months. They were assessed on demographic variables and on measures of the depressive symptomatology, infant temperament, parental stress and the coping style using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), the EAS temperamental survey, Parenting Stress Index(PSI), the Way of Coping Checklist(WCC). And then we assessed the relationship of depressive tendency in postpartum women with psychosocial factors. Results : The results were as follows : 1) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had significant relationship with emotionality(r=.26 p<0.05) and activity(r=.22 p<0.05) of infant temperament. 2) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had significant relationship with parenting stress(r=.44 p<0.001). 3) Depressive tendency in postpartum women had no significant relationship with coping style. 4) Parental stress had significant relationship with emotionality(r=.49 p<0.001) but did not have any relationship with sociability and activity of infant temperament. Parenting stress had no significant relationship with coping style. Conclusion : These results suggest that depressive tendency in postpartum women correlated with emotionality and activity of infant temperament correlated with parenting stress but not correlated with coping style. Infant temperament and parenting stress to child rearing are more significantly correlated with depressive tendency in postpartum women than coping style of postpartum women.

수증기 개질반응용 니켈촉매에 첨가된 리튬의 효과

최재석,윤정숙,임태훈,홍성안,이호인 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1

In the direct internal reforming type molten carbonate fuel cell, alkali carbonates used as electrolyte in the cell are transported to reforming catalyst of which activity drastically decreases. In our previous work, the deactivation of the nickel catalyst was studied with increasing the amount of added lithium. Unexpectedly, the increase of activity was observed with a small amount of lithium less than 1wt%. The results of TPR, XRD and chemisorption showed no significant difference between the fresh catalyst and the Li-added one, implying that lithium did not cause the change of morphological property of the supported nickel. To elucidate the effect of lithium the methanation of CO was applied to the catalysts, which was considered as the reverse reaction of the key elementary step of methane steam reforming. It can be seen by an online mass spectrometer that the small injection of CO/H₂ mixture into the Li-added catalyst reactor at 650 ℃ showed the longer tail of produced methane than into the fresh one. The delay should be originated from the effect of lithium, which determined the overall rate on the Li-added catalyst.

원격 퍼스컴회의 시스템의 다자간 접속을 위한 SAS 구현

崔承鎬,張晟柱,鄭順玉 東新大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, we suggest new MCU to implement multipoint connection in the SAS of remote PC conference systems. The MCU should observe recommendations of H.231 and H.234 of ITU-T. While mixing video data, the number of attendants in limiteded because it decodes bit stream and then encodes again, therefore, multicasting in the application layer should be implemented to solve the limited element. This program implemented the module that enables group manager of SAS and group server to procede and transmit multimedia data. The validity of paper was proved by implementing the function of image rotation that can display all of attentant in SAS of romote PC conference. The main service system is implemented based on Windows NT and Visual C^(++) 2.0.

고속 주행 모드에서 자동차 디퓨저의 스트레이크 개수와 배치에 따른 공기저항 유동해석

이진호,박성하,최동석,한영진,곽나영,이상욱 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2021 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.27 No.2

This study proposes an optimized diffuser strake design that can improve driving performance for cars in high-speed driving mode. The speed of the vehicle is set to 160km/h, and the number of strake is set to 4, 6 and 8, and the angle of the diffuser is set to 4, 5 and 6 degrees. The arrangement of the strake is centered, edged and equally arranged. The optimized diffuser design induced with the Ansys Fluent analysis shows a drag coefficient of 16% less than the basic diffuser-free model at a diffuser angle of 6 degree, 8 strakes, and equal arrangement.