Application of Antioxidant Transgenic Mice

Sun?Uk Kim,Hee-Young Yang,Sun-Hee Ahn,Suhee Kim,Dae?Yeul Yu,Dong?Seok Lee,Tae-Hoon Lee 한국실험동물학회 2014 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.8

직업적 노출에 의한 스티븐스-존슨 증후군에서 트리클로로에틸렌의 노출수준 : 3예의 사례와 문헌고찰을 중심으로

이선웅,김은아,김대성,고동희,강성규,김병규,김민기 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

배경: TCE는 심각한 전산적 피부염과 관련 있는 것으로 몇몇 사례들을 통해서 보고되어 왔으나,기존의 사례 보고들에서 노출평가가 수행된 사례는 드물었고 추정되는 노출량 역시 매우 다양하였다. 본 연구에서는 TCE 노출에 의한 것으로 판단되는 스티븐스-존슨 증후군 3예를 확인하고 각 사례들에 대한 작업재연을 통해 노출수준을 추정하였으며,이를 통해 TCE의 직업적 노출수준과 스티븐스-존슨 증후군을 포함하는 전신적 박탈성 피부염 발생의 관계를 이해하고자 하였다. 증례: 사례 1은 24세 필리핀인 여자로 TCE를 이용한 탈지작업을 시작한 35일 후 발진을 포함한 피부증상이 발생하였고 증상이 진행되면서 간기능 이상이 발견되었다. 환자는 스티븐스 존슨 증후군과 독성간염으로 진단되었고 증상발생 39일 간부전으로 사망하였다. 증상발생 전 약물 복용력은 없었고 바이러스 감염 등의 비직업적 원인은 찾을 수 없었으며,작업재연을 통한 TCE의 개인 노출수준 은 TWA 21.9 ppm과 32.3 ppm이었다. 사례 2는 47세 한국인 남자로 TCE를 이용한 탈지 작업을 시작한 20일 후 발진을 포함한 피부증상이 발생하였고 증상이 진행되면서 간기능 이상이 발견되었다. 환자는 중독성 표피괴사증 또는 스티븐스 -존슨 증후군, 전격성간염 및 동반된 패혈증으로 진단되었고 증상발생 42일 간부전 및 패혈증으로 사망하였다. 증상발생 전 약물복용력은 없었고 바이러스 감염 등의 비직업적 원인은 찾을 수 없었으며,작업재연을 통한 TCE의 개인 노출수준은 TWA 30.1 ppm이었으며 세척조 주위의 지역시료는 TWA 116.5 ppm∼229. 7 ppm 이었다. 사례 3은 22세 베트남인 여자로 TCE를 이용한 탐지작업을 시작한 30일 후 발전을 포함한 피부증상이 발생하였고 증상이 진행되면서 간기능 이상이 발견되었다. 환자는 스티븐스-존슨 증후군 및 동반된 독성간염으로 진단되었고 증상발생 37일 증세 호전되어 퇴원하였다. 증상발생전 약물복용력은 없었고 바이러스 감염 등의 비직업적 원인은 찾을 수 없었으며,작업재연을 통한 TCE의 개인 노출수준은 TWA 107.2 ppm이었다. 고찰: TCE에 노출된 일부의 사람들에서 노출 후 2주에서 5주 사이에 심각한 급성 간염이 동반되는 스티븐스­존슨 증후군이 발생할 수 있음을 확인 하였고,이번의 연구결과와 기존의 연구를 종합 할 때 TCE에 대한 감수성이 있는 사람의 상당수는 노출기준 이상의 고 노출에 노 출 후 스티븐스- 존슨 증후군이 발생함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서. TCE에 대한 고 노출을 막기 위해 TCE 세척작업에 대한 작업환경 확인과 개선이 우선적으로 필요하며,동시에 노출 후 증상발생기간의 일관성과 노출기준 이하의 저 노출에서의 감작 가능성을 배제할 수 없음을 고려하여,작업시작 후 1개월경의 특수건강검진 역시 고려되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Back ground: Trichloroethylene (TCE) has been reported to be related to severe generalized exfoliative dermatitis frequently accompanied by toxic hepatitis. The measurements of environmental exposure were limited in the previous case reports and the reported exposure values were also diverse. We reviewed three cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with TCE. The work environment was measured by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) after the cases occurred. From the study results, we intended to clarify the relationship between TCE exposure level and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Case report: Case 1. A 24-year-o1d Filipino female worker developed a skin rash 35 days after starting to use TCE for degreasing. The skin rash developed into a bullous eruption and the liver function findings were abnormal. She was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic hepatitis. She died of hepatic failure 39 days after the onset of the first symptom. She had no previous history of taking medicine or viral infection. The work environment measured 22.0 to 32.3 ppm (Personal exposure level) with TWA. Case 2. A 47-year-o1d Korean male worker developed a skin rash, 20 days after starting to use TCE for degreasing. The skin rash developed into a bullous eruption and the liver function findings were abnormal. He was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic hepatitis and sepsis. He died of hepatic failure and sepsis 42 days after the onset ofthe first symptom. He had no previous history of taking medicine or viral infection. The work environment measured 30.1 ppm (Personal exposure level) and 116.5∼229.7 ppm (area exposure level close to the degreasing rnachine) with TWA. Case 3. A 22-year-old Vietnamese female worker developed a skin rash 30 days after starting to use TCE for degreasing. The skin rash developed into a bullous eruption and the liver function findings were abnormal. She was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic hepatitis. Her symptoms improved and she was discharged 37 days after the onset of the first symptom. She had no previous history of taking medicine or viral infection. The work environment measured 107.2 ppm (Personal exposure level) with TWA. Discussion: These three case reports and the previously reported cases indicated that the majority of people susceptible to TCE develops Stevens-Johnson syndrome after high-level TCE exposure (above the TWA occupational exposure limit of 50 ppm). Therefore, work environmental survey and improvements to the TCE degreasing process are essential to prevent high exposure. Furthermore, considering the consistency of the latency period in symptoms and the possibility of sensitization in low-level exposure, we recommend that the first specific health examination also should be conducted 1 month after workers have commenced working.

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

ATHB12, an ABA-lnducible Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) Protein of Arabidopsis, Negatively Regulates the Growth of the Inflorescence Stem by Decreasing the Expression of a Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Gene

Ora Son,허윤선,김윤경,이현정,김성한,김미란,남경희,이명석,김부용,박종범,박정안,이석찬,Atsushi Hanada,Shinjiro Yamaguchi,이인정,김승기,윤대진,Eva So¨derman,천충일 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

반코마이신 내성 장내구균 분리 환자에서 황색포도알균의 내성

김동욱,신선혜,김혜진,류선,이선희,장철훈,김영대,곽임수 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.1

목적 : Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)로부터 S. aureus로의 vacomycin 내성 유전자의 전파는 오래전부터 예견되어져 왔으며 큰 걱정거리로 남아있다. 최근에 vanA 유전자를 가지고 있는 vancomycin-resistant S. aureus 2주가 미국에서 분리되었다. 이 연구의 목적은 VRE를 보균하고 있는 환자들에서 S. aureus 보균양상과 항균제 내성을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 부산대학교병원에 입원하였던 환자들 중 임상검체에서 VRE가 분리된 환자 7명과 2001년 9월부터 12월까지 외과 중 환자실에 입원하였던 환자들 중 VRE 감시배양을 시행하였던 20명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들은 전비공, 액와부, 회음부, 직장에서 매주 면봉으로 검체를 채취하였다. 선별배지에서 검체를 배양하여 S. aureus를 분리하였고 원판 확산법을 이용하여 methicillin 감수성을 측정하였다. Broth microdilution 법으로 vancomycin MIC를 측정하였다. 결과 : 총 27명에서 73회의 방문과 292회의 배양이 시행되었으며 총 67주의 S. aureus가 분리되었다. 이중 64주(95.5%)가 methicillin 내성이었다. 전비공 MRSA 보균율은 VRE를 보균하고 있었던 환자는 19명 중 11명(58%)에서, VRE를 보균하지 않았던 환자는 8명 중 3명(37.5%)으로 VRE 보균자에서 보균율이 더 높았다. 총 64주의 MRSA의 vancomycin MIC의 분포는 0.5-2㎍/mL였으며 2㎍/mL를 초과하는 균주는 발견되지 않았다. 64주 중 vancomycin MIC가 1㎍/mL인 균주가 54주(84.4%)로 가장 많았으며 2㎍/mL 6주(9.4%), 0.5㎍/mL 4주(6.3%)의 순이었다. 결론 : VRE 환자에서 S. aureus의 보균율은 비보균자 보다 높았으며 분리된 균주들은 대부분 MRSA였다. VRSA 균주는 발견되지 않았다. Background : The transfer of vancomycin resistance from vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) to Staphylococcus aureus has been predicted. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and antibiotics resistance of S. aureus among patients colonized with VRE. Methods : Between January 2001 and December 2001, a prospective study was performed at Pusan National University Hospital on 27 patients. Surveillance swabs from nasal cavity, axilla, perineum, and rectum were obtained at weekly intervals. Methicillin susceptability of S. aureus was determined by oxacillin disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin by microdilution broth test. Results : Total of 292 swab cultures were performed and 67 S. aureus isolates were collected. 64 isolates (95.5%) were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of nasal MRSA carrier in 19 patients colonized with VRE was higher than that in 8 patients not colonized with VRE (58% vs. 37.5%). In 64 MRSA isolates, MIC (㎍/mL) for vancomycin ranged from 0.5 to 2. No isolates with MIC >2 ㎍/mL were observed. MIC of 1 ㎍/mL was shown (observed) in 54 isolates, 2 ㎍/mL in 6 isolates, and 0.5 ㎍/mL in 4 isolates. Conclusion : The prevalence of S. aureus with colonization of VRE is higher than that without colonization of VRE. Most of S. aureus isolates were resistant to methicillin. VRSA isolates were not observed.

신축학교 실내공기질이 초등학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향

김태섭,김선주,박시영,전만중,김규태,김창윤,정종학,백성옥,사공준 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적: 신축초등학교와 대조학교를 선정하여 교실 내 포름알데히드와 TVOCs를 측정하고 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 이용하여 실내공기 오염물질이 학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 방법: 신축초등학교 5학년 71명을 실내공기 오염물질 노출군으로 하고, 개교한지 12년째인 대구시의 일개 초등학교 5학년 2학급 63명을 대조군으로 하여 실내공기 오염물질농도 측정 및 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 신축학교에서 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시 포름알데히드 농도는 34.6 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에는 27.3 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1교시 80.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시 127.1 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교에서는 2학급 각각 1교시에 12.6 ㎍/㎥, 7.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 19.8 ㎍/㎥, 25.2 ㎍/㎥였다. TVOCs의 경우 신축학교의 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시에 농도는 487.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 428.2 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1 교시에 농도는 1,283.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 1,715.4 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교의 경우 2학급에서 각각 1교시에 농도는 240.9 ㎍/㎥, 150.8 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 농도는 371.9 ㎍/㎥, 448.0 ㎍/㎥였다. 부호숫자 짝짓기의 평균반응시간은 대조학급이 1교시에 2,585 msec에서 4교시에 2,459 msec으로 감소한 반면 신축학교의 창문을 의도적으로 개방한 학급은 2,343 msec에서 2,510 msec으로, 평소대로 수업한 학급은 2,340 msec에서 2,563 msec으로 반응시간이 각각 167 msec, 223 msec 증가하였다. 1교시의 부호숫자 짝짓기 의 반응시간을 100%로 했을 때 창문을 의도적으로 개방 한 학급은 4교시에 5.9% 증가하였고(p<0.01), 평소대로 수업한 학급은8.3% 증가하였다(p<0.01). 반면에 대조학급은 4교시에 5.0% 감소하였다(p<0.01). 결론: 향후 학교의 실내공기질의 안전성 평가는 샘플링 된 공기의 오염수준의 측정뿐만 아니라 학생들의 건강영향도 함께 고려되는 것이 바람직할 것이다. Objectives: Most studies on the indoor air quality of newly built schools have focused only on the number of schools exceeding a standard or on subjective symptoms, such as sneezing, irritated eyes and an irritated nose. However, there has been no report on how poor indoor air quality affects children's academic performance. This study evaluated the effects of indoor air quality on the neurobehavioral performance of elementary school children. Methods: This study measured the indoor air pollutants and compared children's performance, using a computerized neurobehavioral test, between a newly built and a 12-year-old school. In addition, a questionnaire was administered regarding the indoor air quality related symptoms of children in a newly built and a 12-year-old school. Results: In the newly built school, the formaldehyde levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with an open window were 34.6 and 27.3 μg/㎥, respectively. The levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed were 80.2 and 127.1 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the formaldehyde levels in 1^(st) and 4^(th) class with open and closed window were 12.6 and 7.5 μg/㎥, and 19.8 and 25.2 μg/㎥, respectively. With respect to total volatile organic compounds, the levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window open in the newly built school were 87.2 and 428.2 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed, the total volatile organic compounds were 1,283.5 and 1,715.4 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the total volatile organic compounds were 240.9 and 150.8 μg/㎥, and 371.9 and 448.0 μg/㎥ in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes, respectively. In the case of a newly built school, the performance of the students in the neurobehavioral test in the 4^(th) class with the window closed was 8.3% lower than for those in the 1^(st) class with the window closed, but was only 5.9% lower when the windows were open. There was a statistical significant difference in the total numbers of symptoms between the two schools. Conclusions: These results suggest a proper evaluation of the indoor air quality within schools is required into both the level of contamination and the health effects of these contaminants toward children.

ATHB12, an ABA-lnducible Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) Protein of Arabidopsis, Negatively Regulates the Growth of the Inflorescence Stem by Decreasing the Expression of a Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Gene

Ora Son,허윤선,김윤경,이현정,김성한,김미란,남경희,이명석,김부용,박종범,박정안,이석찬,Atsushi Hanada,Shinjiro Yamaguchi,이인정,김승기,윤대진,Eva So¨derman,천충일 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

브로콜리 추출물의 향장활성 효과

김대용ㆍ조석철ㆍ권혁선ㆍ김미경(Dae Young KimㆍSeok chul ChoㆍHyuk sun KwonㆍMee Kyung Kim) 한국인체미용예술학회 2016 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.17 No.1

In this study, we investigated the anti-oxidative effects, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts from broccoli to evaluate its use as a functional ingredient in cosmetics. The extracts are WE (water extract at RT), MWE (mineral water extract at RT), EE (70% ethanol extract at RT), and USEE (heat process for 12 hours at 60℃ after ultrasonification for six hours with 70% ethanol). The measurements of the total polyphenol content from broccoli extracts were highest in EE at 425.24±13.9 mg/g dry. The result of electron donating ability of EE was the highest at 10,000 ㎍/㎖ as 97.81% and increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The ferric reducing antioxidant powder (FRAP) of EE was the highest at 10,000 ㎍/㎖ as 1235.6 μM. In an antimicrobial activity test, the EE showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. acnes, and P. ovale. Furthermore, broccoli extract exhibited no cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells. Also anti- inflammatory activity by NO assay showed LPS-induced NO was significantly inhibited following treatment with EE of 1,000 ㎍/㎖. Therefore, the broccoli ethanol extract can be used as a resource of natural cosmetic material for functional cosmetics.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

The level of urinary aflatoxin M1 in Korean adults

Yong-Dae Kim1, Hyojin Kwon, Sun-In Moon, Sang-Yong Eom, Jung-Duk Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Seok-Joon Sohn, Young-Seoub Hong, Ho Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ji-Ae Lim, Hae-Jung Yoon, Gwang-Jin Kim, Heon Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Competitive ELISA methods were used to measure the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from urine in 1008 Korean adults. Subjects were selected by random sampling in all areas of Korea, except Cheju-do. The recovery rate of AFM1 using this method was 105% (73-124%). The geometric mean of urinary AFM1 in all subjects was 3.43 pg/mL (3.67 ng/g creatinine). The level of AFM1 in males was statistically higher, compared with female subjects. However, the levels of AFM1 did not differ according to age. Subjects in Chungbuk-do showed the highest urinary AFM1 concentration, whereas subjects in Kyeongnam-do showed the lowest concentration. Assuming an excretion rate of 5%, this AFM1 excretion corresponds to approximately 0.1 microgram/day in Korean adults.