한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

음성 인식 헬스케어 시스템

신진우,조우승,조성빈,김재훈,정지은,사예지,백경동,박동규 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2021 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.27 No.2

As modern people's interest in health grows, wearable healthcare-related technologies that can collect biometric information and receive health-related services regardless of time and place are developing. This paper proposes the healthcare system based on voice recognition function. Unlike conventional wearable healthcare systems, the proposed system provides real-time telemedicine and diagnosis and the direct connection with doctors is possible through it. And almost all functions of the application in it are operated with voice commands to lower user access barriers. Because it deals with personal information including medical information, encryption algorithms have been applied between all data movements. Finally, the healthcare system proposed in this paper is expected to increase convenience in health care and reduce the medical gap.

철근콘크리트 구조물의 염소이온 확산과 슬립특성에 관한 연구

정우영,안병윤,백상훈 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

It has been brought to our attention that there has been an increase in the number of large scale constructions on sites where damages from sea wind(or water) are noted. The problem with these particular structures are that they are likely to be targets for invasions by chloride. This experiment is to study diffusion of chloride ions within the concrete, and corrosion of reinforced concrete as a result of its spread. In order to find out the slip characteristics of chloride ions and reinforced concrete, MIDAS and ABAQUS, among several other commercial structural analysis program, were deployed in the study.

비선형 광섬유 신호의 수치해석을 위한 단계분할 유한요소법

鄭白鎬,李範雨,李鎬俊 湖西大學校工業技術硏究所 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

In this paper, nonlinear Schrodinger equation have been analyzed to predict signal propagation in optical fiber using split-step finite element method (SS-FEM). Formulation was employed to take into consideration of dispersion, absorption and nonlinearity together. Also, higher-order term (β₃) in dispersion parameters could be treated by using cubic elements. Results obtained from SS-FEM were accurate comparing with some analytic solutions.

FDTD 기법을 이용한 도파관과 공동의 결합 해석

鄭白鎬,李華鎔,李範雨 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In this paper, an investigation of microwave coupling between waveguide and cavity with a lossy dielectric material by the Finite- Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is undertaken. We have assumed that the waveguide is excited by the magnetron which is modeled as a monopole with a delta gap source or frill generator. Numerical simulation indicates that the shape of cavity becomes very important when predicting the dissipated power distribution for a lossy dielectric material inside a cavity.

심전도에서 조기재분극을 보인 특발성 심실세동

이정은,함효주,이관용,노지웅,유진석,정우백 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2014 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.37 No.2

Early repolarization is a common electrocardiographic (ECG) feature found in young adults, men and athletes, and has been considered to be a benign feature for the last several decades. But recent studies suggest that early repolarization may be related to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. We report a young man, 35 years old, who had life threatening ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest. He was evaluated for cardiac causes of ventricular fibrillation. There was no explanation other than that his ECG showed an early repolarization pattern so we treated him with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Thus, we suggest that early repolarization may be related with life threatening ventricular arrhythmia.

Candida albicans mannoproteins 자극에 의한 저출생체중아와 만삭아 제대혈액 단핵구의 TNF-α 생산

백설향,김우경,정초록 동국대학교 경주대학 1998 東國論集 Vol.17 No.2

Background : Opportunistic fungal infections of low birth weight infants(LBWI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Concerning infantile infections, Tumor Necrosis Factor(TNF)-α production by C.albicans may be important to consider in clinical circumstances relating to candidaemia and/or candida septicemia. TNF-α/cachentin that has multiple immunologic and inflammatory functions is produced by monocytes and macrophages, and its sunnormal production by term infants(TI) and LBWI may be related to the their immunosusceptibilities. Methods : This study examined the production of TNF-α by cord blood monocytes from LBWI and TI stimulated with manoproteins from Candida albicans(MCA). In briefly, supernatants of monocytes cultures with MCA possessed TNF-α-mediated cytotoxicity against the L929 fibroblasts, as measured in the modified MTT colorimetric assay. Data were analyzed by Student t test or analysis of variance(Scheffe's post-hoc test). Results : 1) TNF-α production was no dectectable with the supernatants of monocyes from either LBWI or TI at 6 hr after MCA stumulated. 2) TNF-α production by LBWI was significantly less than that from monocytes of either TI or adult group at 18 hr(p=.000). 3) After 18 hr incubation with MCA, TNF-α production by monocytes of TI and LBWI reached at highest level, but significantly less than that of adult group at the same time(p=.000). 4) For the both infants groups, TNF-α production was significantly decreased after 24 hr(p=.000), compared with its production by adult group was continuously elevated, but without significance (p >.05). Conclusions : These results suggested that MCA were strong inducer of the TNF-α and given the multifactorial biologic activities of TNF-α, the decreased secretion of TNF-α from LBWI and TI may be significant in describing mechanisms for the increased susceptibility of them to the antigens such as MCA. And, these data suggest an important involvement of TNF-α in the infectious immunity induced by MCA.

고성군 덕명리 일대 공룡 생흔 화석 산지의 자연탐사와 교재화를 위한 연구

백광석,정호종,서승조,정우규 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1994 科學敎育硏究 Vol.20 No.-

경남 도내 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 고장 자연 탐사에서 덕명리 해안의 지질과 교육적 활용성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 덕명리 해안의 지층은 진동층에 속하며 공룡과 조류의 족혼 화석, 연혼, 건열, 화성암의 관입 등의 관찰되고 해식애, 해식동, 해식대가 발달하였다. 2. 공룡 족혼 화석은 2족보행 공룡인 Theropod 와 Ornithopod 및 4족보행 공룡인 Sauropod의 것으로 추정되었다. 3. 본지역의 특징은 중학교 과학 및 고등학교 과학 I 하와 지구과학 교과의 침식 . 운반 . 퇴적작용, 지층과 화석, 지질시대의 환경과 생물, 우리나라의 지질 등의 단원에 좋은 야외 지질교재이다. 4. 내 고장 자연 탐사교육은 학생들에게 학습의 동기와 흥미를 유발시킬 수 있는 대단히 유요한 프로그램이었고, 설문 조사 등 분석결과에 의하면 과학 교육적 성과도 있었다.

진정법을 이용한 치과 치료 시 소아 환자의 진정 후 반응에 대한 연구

구정은,백광우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine twenty four hour postsedation events after discharge in children sedated for dental treatment. The sedation sheets of 355 children were selected. Selection criteria excluded no midazolam or nasal route of midazolam, no ASA class I, absent or incomplete questionnaire, Children received orally Chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine, nitrous oxide was maintained during the sedation. Midazolam was injected to buccal submucosa with titration. Parents were interviewed via telephone within twenty four hours after sedation. Questionnaire included sleeping response, sleeping time, sleeping behavior, vomiting response at home. Two hundred twenty four(67.8%) children slept and twenty one(6.3%) children had abnormal sleeping behavior. One hundred four(31.0%) children had abnormal behavior after sleep and ten(3.0%) children had vomiting response. In the children took the higher dose of midazolam, there were the great tendency to sleep after discharge(p<0.05), the more negative response to sleeping behavior(p=0.055), the longer sleeping time(p=0.054). In this study many children slept after sedation and a few children showed negative response. However there were not any considerable emergency events. Further study is required to determine the postsedation safety for the use of submucosal midazolam combination with Chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine. Chloral hydrate와 hydroxyzine을 경구 복용한 후 midazolam을 협점막하로 추가 투여한 진정법은 진정 심도를 깊게 해주고 안정적인 진정 상태를 유지해 준다고 보고된다. 진정 중 나타나는 반응에 대한 연구는 활발하나 퇴원 기준에 따라 환자를 귀가시킨 후 나타나는 반응에 대한 연구는 아직 부족하다. 이 연구에서는 진정법을 이용하여 치과 치료를 받은 소아환자의 진정 후 행동 반응 및 부작용에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 이화여자대학교 목동병원 소아치과에 2005년 4월부터 2007년 12월까지 내원하여 진정법으로 치료받은 환아를 대상으로 귀가 후 24시간 이내에 전화를 이용하여 설문 조사하였다. 조사 항목은 진정 후 수면 유무, 진정 후 수면 시간, 진정 후 수면 행동, 수면에서 회복 후 행동, 진정 후 구토 유무이다. 귀가 후 227명(67.8%)이 잠을 잤고 21명(6.3%)이 비정상적인 수면 행동을 보였다. 104명(31.0%)이 수면에서 회복 후 비정상적인 행동을 하였고, 10명(3.0%)이 구토 반응을 보였다. Midazolam 용량이 많으면 진정 후 잠을 잘 가능성이 크고(P<0.05), 괴로워하면서 자거나 자다 깨다를 반복할 수 있으며 (p=0.055)수면 시간도 길어질 수 있다(p=0.054). 이번 조사에서는 진정 후 수면이 많았고, 비정상적인 행동 및 구토 반응도 있었으나 우려 할 만한 응급상황은 나타나지 않았다. Midazolam의 협점막하병용 투여는 안전한 진정법으로 보이며 장기적 연구, 전향적 연구 등이 필요할 것이다.