Predicting postoperative total calcium requirements after parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism

( Byung Heon Kang ),( Soon Young Hwang ),( Jeong Yeop Kim ),( Yu Ah Hong ),( Mi Yeon Jung ),( Eun Ah Lee ),( Ji Eun Lee3 ),( Jae Bok Lee ),( Gang Jee Ko ),( Heui Jung Pyo ),( Young Joo Kwon ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: To prevent hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy (PTX), parenteral calcium is required in addition to oral calcitriol and calcium. After switching to oral calcium, patients can be discharged from the hospital. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PTX performed at a single Korean center and to investigate the associated laboratory factors used to analyze the total amount of postoperative calcium required. Methods: We enrolled 91 hemodialysis patients undergoing PTX from November 2003 to December 2011. We collected clinical and laboratory data preoperatively, 12 and 48 hours postoperatively, at discharge, and 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In total, 59 patients underwent PTX with autotransplantation (AT), 6 underwent total PTX without AT, 11 underwent subtotal PTX, and 15 underwent limited PTX. Total PTX without AT showed the lowest recurrence rate. At all postoperative time points, the mean levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) decreased significantly, compared with preoperative levels; however, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly from 48 hours postoperatively to discharge (p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, the total amount of injected calcium during hospitalization showed a significant correlation with preoperative ALP (p < 0.001), preoperative iPTH (p = 0.037), and Δphosphorus at 48 hours (p < 0.001). We developed an equation for estimating the total calcium requirement after PTX. Conclusions: Preoperative ALP, preoperative iPTH, and Δphosphorus at 48 hours may be significant factors in estimating the postoperative calcium requirement. The formula for postoperative calcium requirement after PTX may help to predict the duration of postoperative hospitalization.

비행청소년의 식생활태도와 식이자기효능감에 관한 연구

이정숙,이현자,송병춘,김은경,이춘복,김석환 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.5

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with dietary attitudes and dietary self-efficacy of juvenile delinquents. Out of 110 questionnaires distributed to the juvenile detention home students in Daegu, and 150 questionnaires distributed to the juvenile detention home students in Anyang, 210 were analyzed (80.7% analysis rate). These data were analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows. Almost all parents’ educational levels showed ‘graduation of middle school’, and only 43.8% of the juvenile detention students were living with parents. In case of incoming status, average income per month was 2,000,000 won, which was lower than normal one. Diet attitude score was higher in boy students than girl students (p < 0.05). There was a higher score of diet attitude in higher educational levels of father. The average score of dietary self-efficacy was 2.51 ± 0.86. This value was lower than the normal juvenile. There was a higher diet attitude score in the higher dietary self-efficacy score (p < 0.001). Therefore, proper nutrition education is required to improve their dietary self-efficacy. The results of this study could be useful data to plan and develop nutritional education programs of juvenile delinquents.

現在와 理解 : 哲學的 解釋學 序說 Zur Einfuhrung in die Philosophischen Hermeneutik

李貞馥 漢陽大學校 人文科學大學 1986 人文論叢 Vol.12 No.-

1. Der Bereich des Hermeneutischen Sinnverstehens ruht eben auf dem Grund einer realen Geschichtlichkeit. An der Spitze der romantischen Epoche der Hermeneutic steht Schleiermacher. In den zwan-ziger Jahren hatte aber von philosophischer Seite eine Radikalisierung der von Dilthey erreichten Fragestellung eingesetzt. Nicht umsonst folgt der Einsatz der darauffolgenden existenzphilosophischen Hermeneutik bei Kierkegaard wie bei Heidegger‥‥der Hegelkritik, die von Kierkeggaard geubt worden ist und die mit den Junghegelianern in der Kritik am "absoluten Wissen" und am "absoluten Geist" ubereinstimmt. Jedenfalls bruckt die historische Wirklichkeit bei Dilthey den Spannungsbereich zwischen Schleiermacher und die existenzphilosophische Hermenoutik uber 2. Das Verstehen bei Schleiermacher muss sowohl auf die Sprache (als grammatische Interpretation)als auch auf die Tatsache im Denken,mithin als psychologische Interpretation gehen. Er sichert die Bibelauslegung gegen die Anspruche der Inspirations-theologie. Es handelt sich aber bei ihm immer "Gattungsbewusstsein" 3. Daruberhinaus versucht Dilthey seinen theoretischen und Philosophischen Ausgang von erlebten Strukturzusammenhang zu nehmen und nicht von phsychischen "Elementen". Dilthey sucht den geschichtlichen Bedeutungszusammenhang von dem Model des erlebten Zusammenhangs eines Lebensverlaufs aus zu beschreiben. d.h. das wirkliche Geschehen und seine Zusammenhange. Die allgemeinere Bedeutung und Diltheystheorie des Srtuktur-zusammenhanges hat er fur die Methodenlehre der Geisteswissen-schaften. Seine philosophische Voraussetgung ist "kraft gleicher seelischer Natur." Das war seine Beweggrund der Gegenwart. 4. Diltheys Wiederneuerung der_romantischen Hermeneutik wurde auch im theologischen Feld aufgenommen und zwar durch Rudolf Bultmann. Hier besteht ein Verhaltnis der Anrede und des Angeredetwerdens, Antwort und Fraglichkeit. Die Gegenwart bei ihm ist Immerwahrende Zwischengeschehen der Anrede und des Angredetwerdens. 5. Die Verlegenheit, in die sich die Husserlsche Kostitutionstheorie des Zeitbewssstseins verstrickte, demonstrierte das ontologische Vorurteil, das in dem Festgehaltenen cartesianischen Bewusstseinsbegriff steckte. Dort ist ja im strengen Sinne kein Gegenwart. 6. Daraus kommt das ontologische Engagement Heideggers, das hier ganz neue Horizonte offnete. Die "Differenz des ontisches und historistorisches" erhielt daurch ein neues Fundament: Geschichtlichkeit ist nicht eine Minderung des Seinsranges eines seienden, dem substantielle Beharrlichkeit und Immersein abgeht sondern geradezu die ontologische Auszeichnung des menschlichen Dasins. Est ist in der Weise des sich-Entwerfens auf seine eigensten Moglichkeiten hin und ist in dies sein Dasein "geworfen" Den Grundzug dieser Entwurfsstruktur nun charakterisierte Heidegger durch die "hermeneutischen" Begriffe von verstehen. Es ist ein Geschehen und hat die geschichtliche Bedingtheit eines solchen Geschehens, die es selber niemals voll zu objektivieren vermag. Im solchem Sinne ist die Gegenwart. 7. Daruberhinaus ist das Verstehen doch in der Umrahung durch die Erfahrung des Lebens ganz ermoglich, gleich wie pronesis bei Aristoteles. Die Untersuchungen von "Wahrheit und Methode" knupfen es an die tiefere Begrundung an. So steht in der philosophischen Hermeneutik die Tradition der hermeneutischen Wissenschafter in der Umrahmung durch die Erfahrung der Kunst und Universalitat der sprachlichen Welterfahrung. Daraus erlautert sich "Gegenwart" aus dem neuen hermeneutischen Horizont.

만경강 및 동진강 수계의 BOD에 의한 수질 평가

이종식,정구복,김진호,윤순강,김원일,신중두 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

새만금 유역의 수질관리를 위한 기초자료 확보를 목적으로 만경강 및 동진강 유역의 개황과 각 하천 본류의 수질에 미치는 지천들의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 2001년 6월부터 2002년 9월까지 동절기를 제외한 영농 기간동안 매월 1회 주요 지천들의 본류 유입 전·후의 BOD 변화를 조사한 하였다. 만경강 수계는 미처리된 축산폐수로 오염된 익산천 유입 후 BOD가 증가하였으며, 전 조사 기간동안 평균 5.4 mg/L이었다. 만경강 수질에 큰 영향을 주는 익산천은 왕궁천과 합류되기까지 평균 BOD는 5.4 mg/L로 만경강 본류의 평균 농도와 같은 수질을 보였으나 인근 축산단지로 부터의 축산폐수 유입으로 익산천 하류의 BOD는 평균 13.6 mg/L로 수질이 악화되었다. 동진강 수계는 조사기간 동안 평균 BOD가 2.8 mg/L로 만경강 보다 양호한 수질을 보였으며, 생활하수 및 공장폐수로 오염된 정읍천 유입으로 동진강 하류의 수질은 평균치 보다 다소 높은 3.5 mg/L을 나타냈다. 또한 만경강 및 동진강 수계의 연차별 수질은 2001년도에 비해 2002년도에 BOD가 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. Biological oxygen demand (BOD) as a stream water quality indicator was monitored monthly in the Mankyeong and Dongjin river basins from June 2001 to October 2002 to evaluate water qualified as well as to get the information on the water quality management strategy in Semangeum reclamation areas. BOD in the Mankyeong river was 5.4 mg/L in average during the survey and increased after the inflow of Iksan tributary, which was contaminated with livestock wastewater. BOD of Iksan tributary was maintained at 5.4 mg/L before joining the Wanggung tributary, however, that in the downstream was increased to 13.6 mg/L in average due to the inlet of the livestock wastewater. Meanwhile, BOD of Dongjin river was the average of 2.8 mg/L during the survey periods but it showed 3.5 mg/L when Jungeup tributary which was contaminated with sewage and industrial wastewater joined into the main stream. BOD in both Mankyeong and Dongjin rivers decreased in 2002 as compared to that in 2001.

부분 무치악 환자에서 마그네슘 이온주입 임플란트의 성공률에 대한 전향적 임상연구

최수정,유정호,이규복,김진욱 大韓齒科補綴學會 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Purpose: This study examined the clinical success rate of Mg titanate implants (M Implant system, Shinhung, Korea), which employ a Mg coating method, by evaluating the marginal bone loss and implant stability using radiographs and Osstell, over a 1 year. Materials and methods: The locations of the implants placement were divided into 4 areas; the maxillary and mandibular premolars and molars. In the maxilla, 8 and 9 implants were inserted in the premolar and molar areas, respectively. In the mandible, 11 and 51 implants were inserted in the premolar and molar areas. Marginal bone loss and ISQ of all implants (79) were measured after insertion, mounting the prosthetic appliance, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after loading. The marginal bone loss was measured from the radiograph using XCP bite, which was customized, and the implant stability measured using Osstell. Fisher's exact test (α=.05) was used to compare the success rates of each region. Results: The mean marginal bone loss for the upper and lower jaws were 1.537 mm and 1.172 mm. The mobility showed a non-significant reduction or increase according with time. The success rates were accounted for 94.12% and 98.39% in the upper and lower jaws; the premolars and molars were accounted for 100% and 96.67%. The two cases of early failure resulted from failure of primary stability during implant insertion. The late failures were not observed for 1 year after adding a loading to the implants. Conclusion: The Mg titanate implant showed good primary stability and good clinical results in both healing and function. 연구 목적: 부분 무치악 환자에서 Mg titanate implant (M Implant system, Shinhung, Korea)의 보철후 1년간의 방사선사진을 이용한 변연골 흡수량과 Osstell을 이용한 임플란트 안정성 평가 결과를 분석하여 임상적인 성공률에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 38명의 환자에 79개의 임플란트를 식립하여 보철 후 1년 동안 변연골 흡수량, 임플란트의 동요도, 임플란트 식립 위치에 따른 분포 및 성공률, 보철 전후에 따른 성공률을 분석했다. 결과: 변연골의 흡수량은 보철물 장착 후 1년간의 평가에서 상악에서는 평균 1.537 mm, 하악에서는 평균 1.172 mm의 변연골 흡수가 관찰되었으며, 전체적인 상하악의 평균 변연골 흡수량은 1.255 mm로 관찰되었다. 수술 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 ISQ값은 미약하게 감소하였다가 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 상악과 하악 모두에서 식립 당일 이후 예비 인상일, 최종 보철물의 장착일과 주기적인 평가 기간 동안 ISQ값의 큰 증가나 감소를 나타내지는 않았다. 성공률은 상악에서의 94.12%였고, 하악에서의 98.39%였다. 결론: 본 실험의 결과로 미루어 Mg titanate implant는 임상적으로 양호한 결과를 보여주었다.

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

우리나라 農産物價格과 通貨間의 因果關係에 대한 實證分析

이병서,정복조 韓國農業政策學會 1994 농업경영정책연구 Vol.21 No.2

민주지산의 곤충상

이형식,조영복,김종락 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學 Vol.2 No.1

민주지산 일대의 곤충상 파악을 위하여 1997년 7월부터 1997년 10월까지 조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 총 18목 151과 540종이 조사되었다. 딱정벌레목의 곤충들이 176종으로 가장 풍부하게 나타났으며, 다음으로 나비목, 노린재목, 벌목 등의 순으로 조사되었다. 또한 보호가 필요한 종, 감소종, 및 환경부 보존 지정 곤충을 확인하였다. Insect fauna of Mt. Minjujisan was investigated from July to October in 1997. As the result, a total of 540 species of 151 families under 18 orders were identified in thr present of study. The number of species were the most abundantly revealed in the order Coleoptera, 176 species and the Order Lepidoptera, Order Hemiptera, Order Hymenoptera were followed in order.

폴란드 反體制 運動과 知識人 : 自由勞組運動을 中心으로

李正馥 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1986 평화연구 Vol.10 No.2

안동호 상류 운곡천의 이화학적 수질특성과 식물플랑크톤 군집 특성

이중복,이희무,이건주,박정원,박재충,김동걸,권기석 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2002 환경연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

This investigation is about the characteristics of phytoplankton community and physciochemical water quality of specific 6-point the Woon-kog stream system in upsteam of the Andong Lake. DO value was showed over 8.1㎎/L at each site and COD_Mn, BOD, T-N, T-P tend to increase as they stream down and that the existence and dominance of phytoplankton was low and it was difficult to conclude the definite correlation of water quality and phytoplankton community. Finally, it seemed to be desirable that alternatives for pollutional reduction should be made and performed on the basis of the continuous monitoring of the inflow to preserve the Andong Lake.