요관압 상승시 신혈류량 조절에 prostaglandin이 미치는 효과

민영기,양훈모,김종규,이석호 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Higher ureteral pressure than in normal condition causes increase in renal blood flow (RBF) and partial impairment of the autoregulation of RBF. Higher ureteral pressure increased renal prostaglandin production, it is not clear whether or not it is also responsible for partial impairment of the autoregulation of RBF. Therefore, we investigated the role which prostaglandin play in the autoregulation of RBF, studying the interaction between ureteral pressure and RBF autoregulation may reveal the role of prostaglandin in tubuloglomerular feedback. For the purpose of this experiment, six anesthetized mongrel dogs were prepared for the measurements of RBF, mean systemic and renal arterial pressure (RAP) and the manipulation of ureteral pressure to 0 cmH20, 20 cmH20 and 40 cmH20. The autoregulation curves were determined during both control and elevation of the ureteral pressure, before and after the pretreatment with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The desired ureteral pressure was achieved by vertically elevating the water-filled reservoir connected to the ureteral catheter to 20 cm and 40 cm above the kidney level. In response to the elevation of the ureteral pressure, RBF increased from 167±11 ml/min to 185±8 ml/min, 204±11 ml/min respectively and the renal arterial pressure and the systemic arterial pressure didn't change significantly. During 0 mmHg of ureteral presure threshold pressure of RBF autoregulation was 59±3 mmHg. On the other hand, during 20 cmH20, 40 cmH20 of ureteral pressure, the autoregulation curves shifted upward and rightward from control, threshold pressure is elevated by 74±3 mmHg. The pretreatment of the dogs with indomethacin failed to affect the lower limit of RBF autoregulation during both control (63±5 mmHg) and the elevated ureteral pressure (77±5 mmHg). Since RBF failed to increase in response to the elevated ureteral pressure, RBF autoregulation curves obtained during the elevated ureteral pressure shifted only rightward from indomethacin control. The results indicate that the increased intrarenal level of prostaglandin by increased ureteral pressure or prostaglandin-induced vasodilation does not appear to bear any relation to the reduction in the autoregulatore capacity during elevated ureteral pressure. It seems that the partial impairment of the autoregulation during acute ureteral obstruction is due to the consumption of tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism at 0 mmHg of ureteral pressure and that prostaglandin is neither mediator nor effector of tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

The relationship between aerobic capacity and the recruitment of activated sweat gland density with passive heating

( Tae Wook Kim ),( Jong Hyuck Kim ),( Nam Eun Bae ),( Hyung Seok Seo ),( Young Soo Baik ),( Jeong Beom Lee ),( Hun Mo Yang ),( Young Ki Min ) 한국운동영양학회 2012 Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry Vol.16 No.4

This study investigated whether the recruitment of activated sweat gland density during passive heating [immersion of the lower body into hot water, 41℃ for 30 min (PH), room temperature 23 ± 0.5℃ with 60 ± 3% relative humidity] is different in endurance-trained (Trainee), compared with that of untrained subjects (Control), as indicated by VO2max. Eight trainees and seven control female subjects (38.31 ± 4.91 ml·kg-1·min-1 and 31.8 ± 0.92 ml·kg-1·min-1, respectively, p < 0.01) were similar on all other physical characteristics. To compare the changes between the trainees and controls, serum cortisol and prolactin (PRL), tympanic temperature (TYMP), local activated sweat gland density (L-ASGD) and the mean whole body sweat loss volume (M-WBSLV) changes were measured after PH. The cortisol was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and the PRL tended to be higher in the Trainee than in the Control. The TYMP increased more in the Trainee than in the Control (p < 0.001). The L-ASGD showed a higher tendency in the Trainee than in the Control, there was a significant difference in the mean activated sweat gland density (p < 0.01) and the L-ASGD was significantly correlated with the VO2max (p < 0.001). The M-WBSLV was significantly higher in the Trainee (p < 0.001) and significantly correlated with the VO2max (p < 0.001). The results suggest that in humans, a high aerobic capacity is associated with a greater recruitment of activated sweat glands, whole body loss of volume and TYMP. Therefore, the decline in the heat loss responses, due to decrease in maximal oxygen consumption, may be masked by repeated endurance exercise training.

신혈역학적 상황에 따른 수출소동맥 저항의 사구체여과율에 미치는 영향

민영기,김태웅,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

It is generally known that efferent arteriolar constriction increases GFR. However, it has been shown in methemadical studies that increases in efferent arteriolar resistance beyond some extent causes GFR to decrease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility that the deterioration of GFR by efferent constriction occurs in physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions. The renal hemodynamic data obtained by several investigators were analyzed with a mathematical model of single nephron GFR (SNGFR). The data analyzed are from rats which has been shown to achieve filtration pressure equilibrium (FPE) during filtration along the glomerular capillary. The glomerular model is based on a simulation of flow along a glomerular capillary with negligible resistance and uniform ulitrafiltration coefficient (Kf, 0.09 nl·sec-1·mmHg-1). The hemodynamic states of rat kidney is characterized by a high Kf and low RBF and high vascular resistance. In these animals, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system was associated with increases in GFR. This was mainly contributed to by the increase in Kf. Analysis with the present model has shown that lowered efferent arteriolar resistance during angiotensin inhibition augmented GFR response to Kf. The analysis of the data obtained by manipulating efferent resistance during aortic constriction demonstrated the important of pregiomerular resistance(RPRE) relative to efferent resistance(RE). in this hemodynamic condition. The FPE which determines the sensitivity of SNGER to SNBF and Kf is attained nearer the afferent end as RPRE increases further: On the other hand, RPRE had no effect on FPE. In conclusion, certain physiological manipulation affects RPRE and Kf in such fashion that a decrease in RE may have a beneficial effect on GFR and vice versa. This analysis indicates that it is not limited to theoretical importance; it demonstrated that in rat kidney which has low flow and high afferent resistance the efferent arteriolar dilation can be associated with the promotion of GFR.

원위세뇨관 상피세포 전해질 이동모델

민영기,손치수,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

A mathematical model describing epithelial transport of the early distal tubule was formulated based on the principles of mass conservation and maintenance of electroneutrality within the cells and luminal and interstitial solutions. Solute movement across membrane is assumed to occur passively by electrodiffusion, active transport, and/or cotransport Although the model was formulated for the early distal tubule, it is independent of the specific membrane transport mechanisms, and can be used to evaluate different epithelial cells by including different transport mechanisms. This model allows both transient and steady-state responses under open-circuit and voltage-clamp conditions. For specific purpose here, this model includes apical Na^(+), K^(+), Cl^(-) permeabilities and NaCl contransport, and basolateral Na^(+), K^(+)-ATPase and K^(+) and Cl^(-) permeabilities. In evulating this model, model results in response to changes in luminal Na^(+) in open-circuit case and transepithelial potential in closed-circuit(voltage clamp) case were subjected to the test of reasonability.

여수국가산업단지 인근 지역 대기오염물질 농도에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

김민영,변정훈,이영훈,이건영,한지은,이예림,임지현,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2022 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.28 No.1,2

Eight monitoring stations in the Yeosu National Industrial Complex will determine the concentration of air pollutants measured every hour in 2019, analyze what factors affect them, and how they correlate with the air pollutant measurements. Six air pollutants (SO2, NO2, O3, CO, PM-10 and PM-2.5) measured at eight monitoring stations around Yeosu National Industrial Complex (Seogang-dong, Wolnae-dong, Munsu-dong, Yeocheon-dong, Deokchung-dong, Hwayang-myeon, Yulchon-myeon, Samil-dong) the measurement data for each hour of the year were downloaded to analyze the concentration by weather condition, time zone, season, separation distance from Yeosu Industrial Complex, and separation distance from Gwangyang Industrial Complex. SO2, NO2, and CO concentrations were significantly higher in winter, significantly lower in summer, and O3, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher in spring. SO2, CO, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher between 10 a.m. and 12 p.m., NO2 concentrations were significantly higher between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m., and O3 concentrations were significantly higher between 13 p.m. and 15 p.m.(p<0.001). The concentration of air pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, PM-10, PM-2.5) excluding O3 was found to have a negative (-) correlation with weather condition, and in the case of O3, it was found to have a positive (+) correlation with PM-10, PM-2.5, temperature and wind speed. It was confirmed that the concentration of air pollutants emitted from the Yeosu National Industrial Complex differs depending on the season, time and distance to the industrial complex. This study aims to establish measures to minimize health damage to residents living relatively close to the industrial complex and contribute to the establishment of management and response measures according to the properties of substances to reduce the concentration of air pollutants in the future.

Evaluating the Degree of Macrodispersion of Carbon Nanotubes using UV-VIS-NIR Absorption Spectroscopy

Ki-Kang Kim,Soo-Min Kim,Yan Cui,Mun-Seok Jeong,Jong-Hun Han,Young-Chul Choi,Kay-Hyeok An,Kyung-Hui Oh,Young-Hee Lee 한국탄소학회 2009 Carbon Letters Vol.10 No.1

We measured the degree of macrodispersion of the various single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy. CNTs were dispersed with SDS of 2 wt % in deionized water using the homogenizer and then were further centrifugated at 6000 g for 10 min. The degree of macrodispersion, expressed by Dm(λ)=Aa(λ)/Ab(λ)*100 (%), where λ is the wavelength and Aa(λ) and Ab(λ) are the absorbance of the sample after and before centrifugation, respectively. In the case of MWCNTs, we evaluated the degree of macrodispersion by the average degree of macrodispersion (Dm(λ)) between 1000 and 1200 nm. The degree of macrodispersion of SWCNTs was evaluated at the wavelength in which van Hove singularity-related transition regions were excluded, i.e., the range was chosen between E11S and E22S peaks. We have estimated six samples with the same method. The standard deviation of each sample was lower than 5. Therefore, we presented a reliable evaluation method for the macrodispersion of CNTs for standardization.

Nitric oxide형성 억제시 신교감신경이 신혈류량 변화에 미치는 영향

민영기,이정범,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Recently it became known renal medullars will be playing a important role of blood pressure control and pressure natriuresis. Renomedullary antihypertensive mechanism is activated by increasing perfusion pressure of kidney and can be inhibited by sympathetic nerve stimulation or blockade of nitric oxide(NO) formation. It is important to know what is the effect on renal regional blood flow, especially renal medullary blood flow(MBF). To investigate of the effect of the renal sympathetic nerve on regional blood flow during infusion of blocking NO synthesis(by N^(W)-nitro-L-arginine methylester:L-NAME) in spontaneous hypertensive rat(SHR)'s and Wistar rats' normal control, mean arterial pressure(MAP), total renal blood flow(TRBF), midcortical blood flow(CBF), inner medullary blood flow were measured in innervated or denervated renal sympathetic nerve group of SHR and Wister rats. All group that received the L-NAME increased in MAP, while TRBF, CBF and MBF decreased and the decreased of TRBF in SHR is more significant than in Wistar rat. In spite of increasing the MAP, MBF in all four group decreased, respectively C: 220 ± 3U, 205 ± 2 U Wi : 215± 4U, 165 ± 12 U Wd : 218 ± 3 U, 170 ± 10 U Si : 195 ± 4 U, 98 ± 15 U Sd : 200 ± 3 U, 120 ± 14 U, especially the most remarkable decrease about 50% in SHR innervated group. Thus, according to these results, No seems the maintain the MBF and the partial interaction between renal sympathetic nerve and No in medullary blood flow can be suggested in innervated SHR.

Interleukin-5 저해 활성 chalcone 화합물의 유효 입체 구조

이기철,김민석,P. Thanigaimalai,Vinay K. Sharma,박경래,김영수,정상헌 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2010 藥學論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Interleukin(IL)-5 appears to be one of the main proinflammatory mediators among the growing number of cytokines and chemokines that induce eosinophilic inflammation. Previously, our group synthesized a number of chalcone derivatives to determine their inhibitory activity against IL-5. However, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these chalcones was somewhat unclear, robably due to presence of three free rotatable bonds. To further, explore the SAR of these chalcones, we synthesized eight 2-(benzylidene)-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ones and 2- benzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-ones 6 and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against IL-5. These rigidified chalcones 6 exhibited very weak inhibitory activity against IL-5 compared to chalcones 2. The structures of 6 closely resemble to the stretched conformations of chalcone 2, not effective conformation for the inhibition on IL-5 function.

세포질 Na+에 의한 Na+ channel 억제작용이 원위세뇨관 상피세포 재흡수에 미치는 영향 : Mathematical Approach

민영기,김영준,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

1. The epithelial cells of frog skin and the early distal tulule were modeled to test the Na^(+) concentration dependence of Na^(+) permeability. Model variables include concentrations of Na^(+), K^(+), Cl^(-), cellular impermeants. The model equations specify mass conservation, electroneutrality constraints and Goldman constant field equation. 2. Phenomenological expressions described the relations between luminal Na^(+) or cellular Na^(+) and apical Na^(+) permeability. In response to an increase in luminal concentration, the initial rise of short-circuit curreni Isc simulated by this model was very steep and formed a spike as Isc began to decline. This is contrasted by the experimental result by Huchs et al.: Isc increased relatively slowly, and the peak appeared blunted. This behavior could be simulated by including hysteresis phenomenon that is likely to be induced by the saturation of Na^(+) channel. 3. When both Na^(+) dependency of channel and hysteresis were included in the simulation, time course of Isc to step changes in luminal Na^(+) was similar to that obtained from the real experiment. 4. When the unstirred layer effect was included in this model instead of hyteresis, the time course of Isc to step change in luminal Na^(+) could also be simulated. 5. Conclusion : The delayed rise of Isc instantaneouly after switching to luminal solution with high Na^(+) was the result of the transient but strong inhibition of apical Na^(+) permeability. The delayed inhibition observed after the initial inhibition had almost disappeared appears to result from another mechanism and was simulated close to the actual curve with the regulatory formula based on cell Na^(+) concentration.