抗히스타민劑의 吸光度比法에 의한 定量

李允中,李康春,李東宣,李振九 成均館大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The absorbance ratio method was applied to the quantitative determination of antihistamines, such as chlorpheniramine maleate(CPM), carbinoxamine maleate(CBM) and diphenhydramine hydrochloride. The influences of indicator and solvent concentration on the precision and accutacy of determination were investigated. And it was found that the effects of temperature and wavelength was negligible in case of averaging conditions. The standard deviations for three antihistamines tested were within 0.13%. As the results, the determination of antihistamines could be carried out easily, rapidly and accurately by the absorbance ratio method.

제29회 베이징 올림픽 탁구남자개인단식 금메달리스트의 대상별 탁구경기전술분석

이동헌(Lee Dong-Heun),정구인(Jung Koo-In),송창훈(Song Chang-Hoon) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This is an analysis of Lee Dong-heun's table tennis tactics(2010) in the 29th Bejing Olympics focusing primarily on Marin's performance in the finals. I searched for Vod materials on the OK ping-pong website, and TV broadcasting materials to obtain the analysis. After analyzing the 3 games of Marin point by point, I came to the following conclusion. First of all, Marin could win the games with his own tactical patterns. On the other hand, Wang Hao and Wang Richin of China also won the games with their own tactical patterns, but they lost the games without their own tactical patterns. Second, Wang Hao(China), Wang Richin(China) and Oh Sang Eun(South Korea) should have increased the frequency of their main scoring tactics and raised their scoring success rate. In other words, Marin(China) had a higher scoring success rate than the others. However, it is natural that Marin(China)'s table tennis tactics were able to block Wang Hao, Wang Richin and Oh Sang Eun's.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

니세틸 정(아세틸 - 엘 - 카르니틴 500mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,오인준,이용복,임동구,문재동,심영순,김은아,정현철 한국약제학회 2001 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.31 No.1

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetile^(TM) (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^(TM) (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07±7.98 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2 × 2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500 ㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_(max) and T_(max) between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^(TM) tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_(max) were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (△) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_(max), respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_(max), respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^(TM) tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^(TM) tablet.

니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,김은아,정현철,심영순,임동구,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetiler^TM (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^TM (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07 7.98㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.

압출성형에 의한 국산 무연탄 활성탄의 세공구조 변화

이송우,문장천,김도한,이창한,최동훈,류동춘,송승구 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究報 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the variation of pore size distribution of the coal-based extruded activated carbon. The extruded activated carbon was prepared by extruding the mixture of coal powder and coal tar. Pore size distribution of the extruded activated carbon was compared with that of the extruded coal and the extruded char. Also it was compared with that of the crushed activated carbon, raw coal and char. The extruded coal had coarser surface than that of raw coal. Macropores of the extruded coal were funned near 10,000Å in diameter during carbonization process and steam penetrated easily between particles and were growing between 3,000Å and 20,000Å in diameter during activation process.

국내수집 밀 유전자원의 생육특성 및 분류

이동진,박상구 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

1. 출수기는 4원 25일~4월 30일이 206점으로 공시자원의 72%를 차지했으며, 5월 1일~5월 15일이 78점으로 27%이었음. 2. 간장은 60㎝ 이하의 극단간종이 7점, 61~80㎝의 단간 종이 58점, 장간종이 91점이었음. 3. 수형, 종피색 등 12형질에 의해 4개의 품종군으로 분류 되었음. 4. 그룹별 생육특성을 보면 Ⅰ그룹은 출수 소요일수 181일, 간장 99㎝ 및 수장 9㎝이었으며, Ⅱ그룹은 출수소요일수가 185일 이었고, 간장 114㎝ 및 수장 10.3㎝로서 다른 그룹보 다 다소 길었음. Ⅲ, Ⅳ 그룹은 출수 소요일수(180일)가 짧았으며, 간장(91, 92㎝)도 짧은 경향이었으나, 수장(8.9㎝, 9.0㎝)은 Ⅰ그룹과 비슷하였음. 5. 그룹별 지역분포를 보면 Ⅰ그룹은 충남, 전남·북 및 경남·북 지역에 4~10% 정도 분포하였으며 Ⅱ그룹은 경기, 충청지역에 분포하고 있었고, Ⅲ,Ⅳ그룹은 도별로 32~67%로서 전국적으로 널리 분포하였음. 6. 국내 수집유전자원 285점 중 질적형질에 의해 세분한 결과 104개의 하위그룹(핵심수집종)으로 구분되었음. The present study was carried out to compare the growth characteristic among 285 Korean wheat germplasms collected in Korea. Heading date of tested accessions were shown 206 accessions (72%) in April 25~30 and 78 accessions (27%) in May 1~15, respectively. In culm length, 58 accessions were 61~80cm and 91 accessions were more than 100 ㎝. Especially, 7 accessions had short cuhn length less than 60 ㎝. Based on morphological relationship, the Korean wheat collection were divided into 4 groups. According to the growth relationship, on morphological traits, Group Ⅰ was day to heading (181 day)with culm length (99 ㎝) and spike length (9 ㎝). Group Ⅱ was day to heading (185 day), culm length (114㎝) and spike length (10.3㎝) longer than other groups. Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were day to heading (185 day), culm length (91, 92 ㎝) shorter than the Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ. However, their spike lengths (8.9, 9.0㎝) were similar to that of Group Ⅰ. According to 285 accessions by morphological traits divided by 104 core collections. According to the geographic distribution relationship, the Group Ⅰ was 4~10% distributed in Chungnam, Chonnam, Chonbuk, and Kyungnam province. The Group Ⅱ was almost distributed in Chungchong, and Kyunggi province, while Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were distributed in all of the country.

코발트-니켈 을 함유한 금속폐기물로부터 금속이온 분리

具廣謨,李東鎭 慶一大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.16 No.2

We have carried out two method to isolate cobalt and nikel ion from waste. The first isolation method has been accomplished to the difference in solubility using dimethyl glyoxim. Nikel ion in mixture react with dimethylglyoxim to be pink precipitation and cobalt ion to be yellow colored solution. Pink precipitation is neutral charge nikel complex,〔Ni(dmg)₂〕, and it's structure is identified by IR spectra data. Meanwhile, the solution is negative 〔Co(dmg)₃〕complex ion. And yellow solution converted to purple colored 〔Co(dmg)₂(H₂O)₂〕solution. Another method using column chromatography has also studied. Each metal was reacted with ethylenediamine to be form 〔Ni(en)₃〕²+ and 〔Co(en)₃〕³+ complex respectively ,and then isolate them on column chromatography packed Sp- Sephadex C-25 cation exchang resin. The more the concentration of eluent increase, the more fast comlexes elute. And the cation effect on various eluent was shown as following order in retention volume ; K+〈 NH₄∼ Na+.

胃癌의 微細形態學的 硏究

李東久,朴慶東 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1979 慶北醫大誌 Vol.20 No.2

組織學的으로 腸型癌과 彌慢性癌으로 診斷된 胃癌組織을 微細形態的으로 觀察한 結果를 要約하면 腸型癌에선 細胞表面의 microvilli가 比較的 豊當하고, 細胞質內에는 電子密度가 서로 다른 粘液性 顆粒들이 주로 apical portion에 充滿되어 있었으며 그 외 細胞內 小器官들의 發達狀은 대체로 貧弱하였다. 미만성암세포의 microvilli는 없거나 少數였고 rER, mitochondria, 遊離 ribosome等 小器管들이 잘 發達되어 있었으며 粘液性顆粒은 電子密度가 낮고 그數도 적은 便이다. 이러한 두型癌細胞의 形態的 特徵은 根本的 構造의 差異로서 胃癌誘發母細胞가 서로 다른 것임을 暗示하고 있으며, 腸化生細胞와의 相關關係는 더욱 硏究하여야 할 課題로 生覺된다. The following results were obtained through the ultrastructural study of the gastric cancer which was diagnosed as intestinal type cancer and diffuse cancer histologically. In intestinal type cancer abundant microvilli were seen comparatively in its cell surface and many mucin granules of which electron density differs each other were filled in apical portion of cytoplasm. Otherwise the state of development of organelles in the cell was very weak. Therewere few or no microvilli in diffuse carcinoma cells and organelles such as rER, mitochondria, and free ribosome were well developed. The electron dentisity of mucin granules was very low and very small in its number. It may be suggested that the characteristics of these two types of gastric cancer structure differ in their structure which indicates difference in the gastric cancer cell. The interrelationship of intestinal metaplasia should be studied further in the future.

[Cp₂Ti(Ⅲ)(1-benzoylacetonato)화합물과 알킬알루미늄화합물의 촉매계에 의한 스티렌 중합반응

이삼근,이동구 대전대학교 기초과학연구소 2002 自然科學 Vol.13 No.1

[Cp₂Ti(Ⅲ)(1-benzoylacetonato)과 조촉매인 알킬알루미늄화합물로 구성된 촉매계를 이용하여 스티렌을 중합하였으며, 생성된 고분자는 ^(13)C NMR 스펙트럼 연구결과 atatic-폴리스티렌이었다. 고분자 반응에 영향을 주는 조건인 주촉매의 농도, 조촉매인 DEAC의 농도와 주촉매의 농도 비율, 반응시간 및 반응온도에 따른 연구를 수행하였다. 고분자 반응은 반응온도에 영향을 받지 않으며 폴리스티렌으로의 전환 비율이 가장 큰 경우는 DEAC의 농도와 주촉매의 농도 비율이 30인 경우이며 고분자 반응은 6시간만에 완료된다. 연구한 조건에서 생성된 폴리스티렌의 분자량은 2,200 - 3,200이었으며, 중합온도가 증가하면 분자량은 감소하고 분산도는 증가하며, 티타늄 촉매에 대한 조촉매의 몰 비율을 증가시키면 분자량과 분산도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Polystyrene was prepared in the presence of a catalyst composed of [Cp₂Ti(Ⅲ)( 1-benzoylacetonato)] and alkylaluminum as cocatalyst. The resultant polymer is atatic-polystyrene judging by ^(13)C NMR spectra. Influences of various polpmerizations, e.g., [Ti], [DEACI/"Til, time and temperature were studied. It was found that polymerization reaction is not dependent on the reaction temperature, and the highest conversion of styrene to polystyrene can be obtained when the molar ratio of [DEAC] to [Ti] is 30. The polymerization reaction is almost finished in 6 hours. The molecular weight of the polystyrene ranged from 2,200 to 3,200 and was decreased and the molecular weight distribution was increased with increasing the reaction temperature. The higher the molar ratio of DEAC to titanium catalyst was used, the higher was the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution.