창원·마산지역 대학생의 기능성화장품에 대한 인지도 조사

김병관 ( Byung-kwan Kim ),한종대 대한화장품학회 2002 대한화장품학회지 Vol.28 No.1

2000년 7월 1일 화장품법이 기존의 약사법에서 분리 · 제정된 후, 기능성화장품에 대한 조사연구의 필요성이 요구되었다. 본 연구는 “당신의 성별은 무엇입니까” 등 인적사항에 관한 설문4문항과 “화장품 법률에 관해 어느 정도 알고 있는가·” 둥 기능성 화장품의 인지도에 관한 16개 문항으로 구성된 설문으로, 창원 · 마산지역의 창원대학교와 경남대학교 소속 학생 700명(대학 각각 350명)을 대상으로, 1:1배부 및 즉시 회수를 통하여 기능성화장품에 대한 인지도 조사를 시행하였다. 당 지역 대학생들의 각 설문에 대한 의견을 분석한 결과, 기능성화장품과 관련된 사항에 상당 부분의 지식과 정보를 갖고 있었으며, 자신들의 분명한 입장을 고수하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 두 대학간의 의견 특성은 크게 차이가 나지 않았다.

수면량과 집중력의 상관관계

김병우,류지근,박우진,박계원,김미정,임지은,백대현,최재덕,최윤호,이가현,이관,김덕수 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

수면, 기억 그리고 학습의 연관성은 실제 매우 복잡하다. 많은 연구에도 불구하고 명확한 연구결과는 아직 없다. 우리는 이 연구에서 평소와는 달리 시험 전날 수면 변화 양상이 집중력에 어느 정도 영향력을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였고, 이를 이용해 효율적인 수면 관리를 할 수 있는 기초자료로 삼고자 하였다. 동국대 의대 본과 1학년생 중 지원자 30명과 본과 2학년생 10명을 대상으로 평상시 상태와 시험 직후 수면이 부족한 상태에서 각각 K-PES TEST를 실시하여 총 8항목에 걸쳐 암기력, 판단력, 단순반응의 변화정도를 검사하였다. 또 설문조사를 병행하여 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다른 인자들도 파악하였다. 수면량에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 인간의 최대 생리학적 기능은 꼭 수면부족에 의해 좌우되는 것은 아니다. 그러나, 수면감소는 피로를 증가시키고, 동기부여를 감소시키나 단, 새로운 사실을 학습하는 데에는 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는다. 즉, 수면부족으로 장시간 깨어있는 것은 정확성과 반응성을 떨어뜨린다. 흡연에 대한 부호 숫자 짝짓기(순간 판단력)을 검사한 결과, 니코틴의 수면에 대한 상호관계는 알려지지 않았고, 인간의 감정이나 의식, 인식에 영향을 주는 것으로 알고있지만, 장기적은 측면에서 흡연이나 알코올은 인식능력과 무관한 것 같다. 카페인에 대한 숫자 외우기(암기력)검사 결과, 카페인은 spacial selective attention에는 특별한 영향을 주지 않지만 지각과정이나 주의 집중에 큰 효과를 주며, 인간의 의식 수행에 긍정적인 효과를 준다. 즉 카페인은 활력, 혼란, 피로상태를 변화시키고 visual analog scales에서 휴식상태에 가까운 양상을 나타낸다. 또 48시간 동안 수면을 취하지 않은 사람에게 카페인은 집중력과 장시간의 좋은 기분을 유지하게 하였다. 그러나 규칙적, 비규칙적으로 먹는 사람간에는 인지수행력의 차이를 보이지 않으며 상용자에서는 상당한 내성이 보인다. 수면패턴에 대한 숫자 더하기(순간 판단력)검사 결과, 집중력은 수면패턴에 의해서도 영향을 받고, 수면패턴이 바뀌게 되면 순간판단력을 저하시킨다. This study was performed to evaluate relationship of sleep and attention, and to control sleep effectively. We conducted a K-PES test of 40 medical students. K-PES contains eight elements, for example, simple response, selective response, color pairing, OddEven discrimination, number addition, number-symbol matching, memory, right-tapping, left tapping. Through these, we tested changes of memory, judgement, simple response. And we conducted a questionnaire survey to exclude bias. Results are as follows. As a results of number-symbol matching test, we know that sleeplessness is not complete responsible for physiologic function for humans. But, decreased sleep increases fatigue and decreases motivation, but no influence on learning new materials. So, long term sleeplessness decreases precision and responsibility. As a results of number-symbol matching test on smoking, a relationship of nicotine and sleep is not certain. A point of view in long term period, smoking and drinking is not related cognition, even if we know that those influence mood, consciousness and cognition. As a results of memory work test on caffeine, caffeine does not influence spacial selective attention, but mainly does perception, attention and consiousness process. Namely caffeine changes energetic activities, chaos, fatigue states and shows resting state in visual analog scales In sleeplessness for 48 hours, caffeine produced attention and good mood for a long time. But, in case of cognitive process no significance shows in regular or irregular diet. Regular diet shows high resistance. As a results of number addition test on sleep patterns, seep patterns influence attention, changes of sleep patterns decrease a moment judgement.

부산지역 소방공무원의 폐기능과 호흡기증상

김성훈,김정원,,김종은,손병철,김정호,이창희,장상환,이채관 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 본 연구에서는 소방관 집단의 호흡기 증상과 폐기능을 조사하여 호흡기 질환의 유병 정도를 비교 분석함으로써 소방관의 호흡기 질환과 화재 노출과의 관련성을 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 2004년 11월 13일부터 동년 12월 15일까지 부산 소재 4개 소방서와 부속 파출소의 남성 소방공무원 699명을 대상으로 폐기능 검사와 호흡기 설문조사를 실시하였다. 호흡기 증상 설문은 BMRC에서 개발한 설문조사표를 이용하였다. FVC, FEV_(1), MMEF 예측치는 Morris의 폐기능 예측식을 사용하여 계산하였고, 폐기능 검사 이상을 판정하기 위하여 미국 NHNES 기준에 따라 정하였다. 폐기능 측정치와 호흡기 증상은 노출유무와 흡연여부로 집단을 나누어 각각 비교분석하였다. 유의수준은 p<0.05로 정하였다. 결과: 폐기능 비교에서 화재노출군이 FVC, FVC%, FEV_(1), FEV_(1)%, FEF_(25%)는 비노출군에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 저하되어 있었고, 이를 흡연여부에 따라 층화하였을 때, FVC 와 FEV_(1)은 흡연여부와 관계없이 노출 여부에 따른 차이를 보이나 FVC%, FEV_(1)%, PEFR은 흡연군에서만 차이를 보였다. 폐기능 검사 이상을 비교하면 전체적으로 화재노출군이 비노출군보다 폐기능 이상자의 수가 많았고 흡연군에서 FEV_(1) 이상자의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. FVC, FEV_(1), MMEF를 종속변수로 하여 다중회귀분석을 시행하였을 때, FVC와 FEV_(1)은 부분적으로 화재노출유무와 관련성이 있었다. 호흡기 증상 조사에서 화재노출군은 비노출군에 비해 코막힘, 목아픔, 흉부압박감의 증상의 호소율이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았으나, 이를 흡연여부에 따라 층화하면 이들 증상들은 경계역의 차이를 보였다. 결론: 이러한 결과들을 종합하면 소방관은 화재진압과정에서 노출되는 많은 호흡기 유독물질로 인해 급성 폐기능 저하와 높은 호흡기 증상 호소율을 보이며, 이는 화재노출 외에 흡연의 부가적 효과가 영향을 미친다고 생각된다. 따라서 폐기능이 저하된 경방군에서 주기적인 폐기능 검사가 실시되어야 하며, 금연과 호흡기 보호구의 철저한 착용이 권장되어야 하겠다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between respiratory disorders and fire exposure by investigating and analyzing the lung function and respiratory symptoms of firefighters. Methods: The health effects of firefighting on respiratory function were investigated in 699 male fire officers in 4 fire departments in Busan by recording respiratory symptoms and measuring lung function. The data were analysed according to fire exposure and smoking habits. Results: Mean spirometric data showed significantly decreased levels in the fire-exposed group (FVC, -0.20 L; FVC%, -4.2%; FEV_(1) -0.21 L; FEV_(1)%, -5.1%; FEF25%, -0.13 L/SEE p<0.05). After stratification by smoking habits, FVC and FEV1 showed a significant difference between groups. The prevalence of spirometric abnormality was greater for the fire-exposed group than for the non-exposed group. Significantly higher prevalences of nasal stiffness (16.7% vs. 10.9%), sore throat (17.7% vs. 14.2%) and chest tightness (6.5% vs. 2.5%) were recorded in fire fighters compared to controls (p<0.05). However, after stratification by smoking habits, the 3 symptoms were showed only marginal differences in the smoking group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that fire-exposed firefighters generally suffer a decline of lung function and a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms. These results suggest that the exposure to routine firefighting activity is associated with adverse health effects to the respiratory system.

2000년 제27회 시드니 올림픽 유도경기 대비: 세계 여자 우수선수들의 개인별 국제경기 기술 특성에 관한 연구

김의환,박순진,김관현,김도준,안병근,정훈,김미정 용인대학교 무도연구소 2000 武道硏究所誌 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the competition techniques traits and of international contest levels each category individual scoring - losing techniques of world elite judokas who. were awarded in the international judo tournaments (I,J.T.) (part 1: ∼O.G'%, part 2 :from O.G'% to July ,2000), and who are expected to participate in the 27th Olympic Games(O.G.) Sydney 2000 to prepare the 27th O.G, which will be held from 16. to 22 September, 2000 at Exhibition Center, Darling Harbour, in Sydney, Australia. The records of the results and contents of competition were obtained out of 97 for women I.J,T., world elite judokas. To decide individual contest levels, groups were devided into 3(A,B,C)groups and points were graded by 3 ways. The I.J.T. that were devided into 3 groups are shown in the table 1.

cDNA array 방법을 이용한 망간에 노출된 흰쥐 뇌기저핵의 유전자발현 분석

이채관,노성민,문덕환,,김정호,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,김정원,김종은,안진홍,이채언 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study investigated the gene expression profile in basal ganglia of manganese-exposed rats based on cDNA array analysis. Methods: For cDNA array, 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats (250±25 g) were intraperitoneally injected with 25 ㎎/㎏ B. W./day of MnCl2 (0.3 ㎖) for 10 days. For dose-related gene expression analysis, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 ㎎/㎏ B. W/day of MnCl2 for 10 days. Control rats were injected with an equal volume of saline. RNA samples were extracted from brain tissue and reverse-transcribed in the presence of [α^(32)P]-dATP. Membrane sets of the Atlas Rat 1.2 array Ⅱ and Toxicology array 1.2 kit (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) were hybridized with cDNA probe sets. Northern blot hybridization method was employed to assess the dose-related gene expression. Results: Fifty-two genes showed significant changes in expression of more than two-fold. Twenty-eight were up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated in the manganese-exposed group compared to the control. Among the 52 genes, 28 genes including nuclear factor I-X1 (NF1-X1), neuroligin 2 and 3, mitochondrial stress-70 protein (MTHSP70), neurodegeneration-associated protein 1 (Neurodap 1), multidrug resistance protein (MDR), and endoplasmic reticulum stress protein 72 (ERP72), were reported for the first time related to the manganese-induced neurotoxic-metabolism in the rat basal ganglia. According to the dose-related gene expression analyses, MTHSP70, Neurodap 1 and ERP72 genes were up-regulated compared to the control even in the group exposed to low manganese dose ( 0.2 ㎎/㎏ B.W./day). Conclusions: Twenty-eight genes detected for the first time in this study were closely related to the manganese-induced neurotoxic-metabolism in the rat basal ganglia and further study of these genes can give some more useful information about the manganese metabolism.

체육교사의 자기수업장학이 교수행동에 미치는 영향

이병익,김관현,김진표,김기환,김윤태 龍仁大學校 2001 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.19 No.-

This study was to analyze the effect of psical teacher's self-directed super- vision on teaching behavior. The prpose of this study is to identify the effect of pysical teacher's self director supervision of their teaching trough other teacher's teaching and all of physical education methods. Therefore research models and hypothesis were established on previous research and theories. Background variable was physical teacher's personal factor and Independent variable was physical teacher's sect-directed supervision. Dependent variable was teaching behavior of physical teacher. The data were collected by using simple random sampling of 360 physical teacher's in Seoul , Kyung-gi-Do, and In-chun. To survey the data question paper was used. T-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test hypothesis. Multiple-Regression Analysis was used to know effect of physical teacher's self-directed supervision on teaching behavior. Each hypothesis was tested at the significance level of 0.5 The conclusions were drawn as the followings First. influence of self- directed supervision by physical teacher's personal factor was following. According to sender there was no difference in teaching behavior. There was a significant influence in understanding students according to school's situation(girls, boys, and co-ed). There was a significant influence in class managing, understanding students, class preparing, teaching method according to class reflection. Second. influence of teaching behavior by physical teacher's personal factor was following influence. The gender had influence on dynamism and creativity. School situation(boys, girls, co-ed) had influence on individuality and creativity. Class reflection had influence on dynamism, creativity, obviousness and individuality. Third. effect of physical teacher's self-directed supervision on teaching behavior was followings. In dynamism, it had influence on teaching method, class managing, understanding students, sequentially. But not on preparation. In Individuality, it had influence on preparation, understanding students. Class managing sequentially. But not on teaching method. In obviousness. It had influence on class managing and Preparation. sequentially. but not on understanding students. and teaching method. In creativity, it had influence on understanding students, preparation, class manacling sequentially, but not on teaching method.

CT-26 선암을 접종한 마우스에서 Iodine-131-Iodomisonidazole 의 생체분포 및 종양저산소증의 영상화

Yang, David J,Kim, E Edmund,김혜원,김창근,윤권하,김현정,정선관,노병석,Lee, Hyun-Chul 대한핵의학회 1999 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.33 No.3

urpose: Misonidazole is a radiosensitizer that binds in hypoxic cells. The purpose of this study was to find out the feasibility of I-131-Iodomisonidazole (IMISO) for imaging of tumor hypoxia. Materials and Methods: Tosyl precursor was dissolved in acetonitrile and I-131-NaI was added to synthesize IMISO. Balb/c mice inoculated with CT-26 adenocarcinoma were injected with IMISO. Mice were sacrificed at 1,2,4,24 hr and % of injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) was determined. For scintigraphy and MRI, mouse bearing CT-26 adenocarcinoma was administered with IMISO and imaging was performed 4 hr after. Then, mouse body was fixed and microtomized slice was placed on radiographic film for autoradiography. Results: %ID/g of tumor was 1.64 (1h), 0.98 (2h), 0.85 (4h) and 0.20 (24h), respectively. At 24h, %ID/g of tumor was higher than that of all other tissues except thyroid. Tumor to muscle ratio increased with time and tumor to blood ratio also increased with time and reached 1.53 at 24 hr. On autoradiogram, tumor was well visualized as an increased activity in central hypoxic area of the tumor which corresponds to the area of high signal intensity on T2-weighted MR image. On scintigraphy, tumor uptake was visualized. Conclusion: This results suggest that IMISO may have a potential for tumor hypoxia imaging in mouse model. However, further study is needed to improve it's localization in tumor tissue and to achieve acceptable images of tumor hypoxia.

國民學校 敎師의 科學敎育的 資質에 關한 調査硏究

金德萬,金容德,河炳權 서울교육대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學과 數學敎育 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

상부위장관 출혈 원인의 변화 양상

김태년,도병수,김현정,이삼범,정문관 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Upper gastrointestinal(UGI) bleeding was critical disease that was commonly found in emergency department and needed more early diagnosis and rapid treatment for decreasing mortality and morbidity. It's causes and frequencies were affected by many factors, but the majorities were caused by peptic ulcers and esophageal-gastric varices. With development of economy and medical services, new drugs and endoscopic interventions, the treatment of patients with UGI bleeding was more improved. So I would like to evaluate the change of causes and frequencies of UGI bleeding and the associated clinical findings. A total of 1,546 patients presented with UGI bleeding in emergency department of Yeungnam university hospital during the five years from Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1995 were clinically reviewed by chart and compared with previous seven years report from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1990 in the same hospital. The ratio of male to female was 6.1:1 and slightly increased in comparison with previous seven years. The incidences in 6th and 5th decades were highest(54.4%)as like as previous seven years. Age distribution of duodenal ulcer bleeding, Mallory-Weiss tear and acute gastric mucosal lesion were developed in lower decades than the others. The causes of UGI bleeding were caused by esophageal varix(45.4%), peptic ulcer(38.8%), Mallory-Weiss tear(4.3%), gastric cancer(3.8%), other(3.1%), acute gastric mucosal lesion(2.7%), undetermined causes(1.8%) in descending order of frequencies. The proportion of esophageal varices was increased from 36.6% to 45.4%, but that of peptic ulcer was relatively decreased from 47.6% to 38.8%. And the annual distribution of varices was increased, however the annual distribution of peptic ulcers was increased. Although the ranking of annual distribution of gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers were not changed compared to previous study and the frequency of gastric ulcers was increased since 1992, but additional follow-up was needed. Seasonal variations were found that upper gastrointestinal bleeding was increased in fall and peptic ulcer bleeding was increased significantly in summer and fall, however, varix bleeding was less frequent in summer time as like as previous seven years. Emergency endoscopic examination was performed within 6 hours for 54.5%, 24 hours for 90.8% and this results were to be like previous results, 57.5% and 90.7 respectively. Findings of emergency endoscopic examination were active bleeding focus(21.2%), blood clot(7.9%), exposed vessels(13.3%), flat blood spot(6.4%) and lesion without evidence of bleeding(51.3%). Endoscopic findings of active bleeding were easily seen when examination was perfomed within 24 hours. Blood transfusion was performed in 67.3% with average 2.1 units. When the causes of bleeding were due to varix and marginal ulcer, more amounts of blood were transfused than the others. In previous seven years, blood transfusions were performed in 71.2% with average 5 units and more amounts of blood were transfused in gastric cancer and varix bleeding.

Ceramic複合粒子의 設計 및 Al₂O₃-coated Cr₂O₃複合粉體의 合成

金秉官 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1988 産技硏論文集 Vol.2 No.-

A design of ceramic composite particles and synthesis of Al₂O₃-coated Cr₂O₃ composite powders were studied. The homogeneous precipitation method using urea was applied to the synthesis of Al₂O₃-coated Cr₂O₃composite powders from aqueous solutions of Al₂(SO₄)₃ as well as Al(NO₃)₃. Hydrated Al₂O₃-coated Cr₂O₃composite powders were prepared from the both solutions of Al₂(SO₄)₃ and Al(NO₃)₃, and heat-treatment at 1200℃ for 1 hr converted them to α-Al₂O₃-coated Cr₂O₃composite powders.