가스상 대기오염물질에 의한 종이 기록물의 가속열화 특성 연구

정소윤(So-Yoon Jeong),전수연(Soo-Yeon Jeon),백소라(So-Ra Baek),정현석(Hyun-Seok Jeong),이진희(Jin-Hee Lee),김형진(Hyoung-Jin Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.4

Paper records were generally degraded by some factors from atmospheric environments, like temperature, relative humidity or air pollutants. In this study, the degradation behavior of paper records by single or mixed gases of NO₂, SO₂, HCHO and TVOC was evaluated. The mechanical, optical and chemical properties of 4 kinds of paper (acid and neutral-based printing paper, traditional Hanji, and filter paper) were directly and indirectly affected by gaseous harmful materials. The brightness and L<SUP>*</SUP> value in all papers were slightly increased by accelerated aging under gaseous HCHO and TVOCs, but highly decreased by conditions under gases NO₂ and SO₂. The optical properties of paper records were most vulnerable in acid-based paper and high stable in filter paper and traditional Hanji by air pollutant degradation. The aging treatments under mixed gas pollutants including NO₂ resulted in decrease of physical, mechanical and optical properties of paper, so it was supposed that the concentration of NO₂ gas would be strictly controlled for optimum indoor air quality management in domestic storage centers for paper records.

충남대학교 학술림 산책로 훼손실태 및 관리방안에 관한 연구

이준우,김명준,최윤호,전용준,오도교,김민호,이소연,이경형 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.2

This study concentrates an the trail of the CNU(Chungnam National University) forest. The amount of use and the pattern of damage are considered, as well as the extent of environmental damage. Finally, some managerial strategies are proposed in connection with sustainable maintenance. The trail of the university forest is composed of three sections; one is the neighborhood park and the Institute of Information Technology/Communications, the second is the Institute of Information Technology/Communications and the Dormitory, and the third section is the Dormitory and the Foreign prof's Apt. The total length of the trail is 2.6km. The daily amount of use is 1,269 visitors per day. The amount of using increased three times the amount of that in 1998. This study shows the pattern of damage of the trail in the order of root-exposure, widening, rock-exposure, deepening and the divergence in the frequency of occurrence of all these factors. Environmental damage is also graded thus: grade 3 is 27.4m, grade 4 is 0.8m, grade 5 is 1.5m, and grade 6 is 0.2m. Accordingly, some managerial strategies were proposed in connection with the sustainable trail maintenance.

『포의교집(布衣交集)』에 드러나는 금기 위반의 양상과 초옥의 욕망

이소연 ( Lee So-yeon ) 한국기호학회 2017 기호학연구 Vol.52 No.-

이 글은 『포의교집』의 여주인공 초옥의 욕망에 주목하여 초옥이 금기를 위반하게 된 원인과 방식을 살펴본 것이다. 금기는 사회 체제와 질서 유지를 위한 수단으로 작용하므로 금기를 위반하는 일은 사회를 위협하는 것으로 간주되었다. 금기는 항상 인간들의 강한 욕망을 제지하고 억압한다. 따라서 인간은 금기 위반의 욕구를 가지고 있으며, 인간은 금기와 욕망 사이에서 늘 갈등한다. 초옥은 자신의 오랜 소원이던 문장 잘하는 선비로 인식한 이생을 만나 그를 욕망한다. 그녀의 욕망은 작품 속에서 뚜렷이 드러나며, 너무도 강렬하여 당대 금기를 위반하기에 이른다. 이 글에서는 먼저 초옥의 금기 위반 양상을 살펴보고, 금기 위반이 그녀의 욕망에서 비롯되었다는 점을 밝히기 위해 그레마스(Algirdas Julius Greimas)의 행위소 모형(Actantial model)을 사용하여 작품의 의미 구조를 다각적으로 분석하였다. 다음으로 인간의 욕망이 모방에서 출발한다는 르네 지라르(Rene Girard)의 이론을 통해 초옥의 욕망 또한 모방 욕망(mimetic desire)에서 비롯되었음을 밝히고자 하였다. 지금까지 초옥은 젠더와 신분을 뛰어넘어 양반과의 지기를 욕망하는 진취적 주체이자, 스스로 사랑을 찾아 나서는 주체적인 여성이란 점에서 근대적 인물로 평가되어 왔다. 그러나 지라르의 이론에 따라 초옥의 욕망을 자세하게 살펴보면, 초옥은 중세적 윤리의식에 갇혀 있는 인물이다. 초옥이 꿈꾸는 이상적인 삶의 모델이 되는 여성 모습은 유교 텍스트에서 모범적인 여성상으로 제시되고 있는 인물들이다. 초옥이 욕망하는 이상적인 삶 또한 그녀가 습득한 지식을 기반으로 하고 있기에 전근대적이다. 초옥은 하층민 출신이지만, 높은 지적 수준을 갖게 되었기에 인식과 신분적 차이에서 오는 괴리감이 존재했다. 초옥은 괴리감을 줄이고자 동경하던 상류층 여성의 삶을 모방하고자 한다. 따라서 초옥의 윤리의식도 상당 부분 남성 중심적일 수밖에 없다. 초옥은 강력한 욕망을 실현하기 위해 금기를 위반하지만, 그녀의 욕망은 남성 중심적 윤리관을 바탕으로 하고 있다. 금기와 욕망의 충돌 사이에서 궁극적으로는 욕망이 포기되고, 초옥의 금기 위반은 새로운 세계를 열어주지 못하고 비극으로 끝을 맺는다. Purpose of this paper is to identify the reason and methods she violated the taboo by closely examining the desire of Cho-ok who was a heroine in Po-Eui-Gyo-Jip. Because the taboo acted as a way to maintain social system and orders, the violation of taboo was regarded to threaten the society. Taboo always restrains and suppresses strong human desire. Therefore, human beings have the desire to violate the taboo and are always conflicted between taboo and desire. Cho-ok met and desired Lee-saeong who was her long hope and recognized as a classical scholar with good writing. Her desire appears distinctly evident in her works and it came to violate the contemporary taboo because it was too strong. In order to examine the aspects of Cho-ok’s violation of taboo and show that taboo violation came from her desire, the meaning structure of the work was analyzed in various ways using Actantial model of Algirdas Julius Greimas. Next, through Rene Girard’s theory that human desire starts from the imitation, it was tried to show that Cho-ok’s desire also came from mimetic desire. Until now, Cho-ok has been evaluated as a modern character in the aspect that she was a progressive subject and subjective female who desired the friendship with yangban(the gentry) beyond her gender and class. However, closely looking at Cho-ok’s desire according to Girard’s theory, she is a character who is trapped in the medieval ethical consciousness. The female figure which was a model of the ideal life Cho-ok was dreaming is a character who is suggested as an exemplary female image in the Confucian texts. Ideal life Cho-ok was dreaming is also old-fashioned because it is based on her knowledge she acquired. As Cho-ok could have high intellectual level even though she was from lower class, there was a sense of alienation from the difference of recognition and identity. In order to reduce the sense of alienation, Cho-ok tries to mimic the life of high class women she has been longing. Therefore, the moral consciousness of Cho-ok cannot but man-centered in most parts. Cho-ok violates the taboos to realize her strong desire, but her desire is based on a man-centered ethics. Between taboos and desire, the desire was eventually abandoned and Cho-ok’s taboo violation finally ended in tragedy without opening a new world.

Interacelluar reprogramming of expression, glycosylation, and function of plant-derived anti-virus therapeutic monoclonal antibody

Da-Young Park,Kyung-Jin Lee,Yangkang So,Zhe Lu,Seulki Lee,Jung-Hwan Lee,Seung Han Oh,Yeon Soo Han,Doo-Byoung Oh,Youngkwan Kim,Kisung Ko 한국당과학회 2010 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

Plant genetic engineering has led to production of plant-derived mAb (mAbP), which can provides a safe and economically effective alternative to the conventional antibody expression methods. In this study, the expression levels of mAbP SO57 with or without ER-retention peptide extensions signal (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu; KDEL) in transgenic tobacco plants were analysed in transgenic plant. The expression levels of mAbP SO57 with KDEL were significantly higher than that without KDEL regardless of transcription level. mAbP SO57 with KDEL localized surround to the nucleus suggesting that the mAbP with KDEL is localized in ER. The mAbP without KDEL and mAbH had mainly Golgi type glycans, whereas the ER-localized mAbP with KDEL had glycan profile with both oligomannose type (47.6%) and Golgi type (52.4%). The Fc domains of both purified mAbP (with and without KDEL) and human-derived mAb (mAbH) had similar bingding activity to the Fcγ RI receptor (CD64). Both mAbP (with and without KDEL) had a shorter half-life than mAbH. However, both mAbP with and without KDEL was as effective at neutralizing activity of the rabies virus CVS-11 as the mAbH. These results suggest that ER localization of recombinant mAbP by KDEL reprograms glycosylation and enhances production of the functional antivirus therapeutic antibody in the plant.

한 대학한방병원에 입원한 뇌졸중환자의 입원경로를 중심으로 한 기술역학적 고찰

김송,박종,김기순,이철갑,류소연,정영 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.2

To find the characteristics of stroke patients and the relation between the pathway of admission and characteristics, of the patients including general characteristics, progression of disease and subjective complaints, an analysis was made from the medical record of 291 inpatients due to stroke admitted to a oriental medicine university hospital in 1997. 1. Diagnosis categories of analyzed Patients were 50 cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. 2. Sex distribution of patients showed 125 male and 165 female and age distribution showed peak 33.7% at 60-69 year old group, 26.5% at 70-79 year old group in descending order(p<05). 3. Thirty four percent of stroke patients had family history of stroke and male showed significantly higher rate of family history of than female(p<05). 4. The type of physical constitution was classified as Tea-Eum-In(太陰人) 43,6%, So-Eum-In(少陰人) 29.9%, So-Yang-In(少陽人) 26.1%, Tea-Yang-In(太陽人) 0.3% in descending order of frequency. 5. Hypertension was the preceding condition for 36.4% of cerebral hemorrhage and 42.7% of cerebral infarction. 6. Sixty nine point four percent of the patients of the patients suffered from the stroke for the first time and 25.4% for the recurred stroke. Major subjective complaints of the patients were motor disturbance, speech difficulty and headache in descending order. 7. As the institution for medical care to this admission, 138 person(47.4%) used western type hospital or clinics, 137 persons(47.1%) passed oriental medicine clinics or hospitals, 6 persons(2.1%) used both type of western medicine and oriental medicine and 10 person(3.4%) used pharmacy folk medicine. 8. As pathway of medical care for cerebral hemorrhage 71.2% of patients used western type hospital or clinic and 26.9% used oriental type of care where as for cerebral infarction 42.3% used western type and 51.5% used oriental type. 9. While admitted to this hospital within one day after occurrence of the disease used oriental type by 87.5% and western type by 14.3%, patient admitted in one week after occurrence of the disease used western type by 66.9% and oriental type by 27.1%. The above results showed that the pathway of medical care for the stroke patients was complicated and make many problems due to delay in the arrival to medical care. So effective health care delivery system for the stroke patients must be made for more efficient medical care.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

신체활동이 암에 미치는 영향 : 대장암, 유방암, 전립선암에 대한 역학(疫學)연구를 중심으로

이상원,김연수 서울대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2007 스포츠과학리뷰 Vol.1 No.1

Many efforts have been carried out to cure and treat cancer, but there are still a constant increase in death ratio due to cancer. The prevention of cancer is the most important thing because cancer is the fatal disease. There are many ways to prevent cancer, physical activity is one of them. Many studies have investigated the relationship between physical activity and cancer. The results of these studies are as follows; there is around 40-50% less chance of getting colon cancer, 30-40% for breast cancer, and 10-30% for prostate cancer. Even with all these studies it was hard to find Korean studies investigated the relationship between physical activity and cancer. The prevalence rates of cancer are hugely variable due to the difference of gender, ethics, diet habit and physical activity. So it is needed that studies should be done for each ethical group. The variation of physical activity is huge and it depends on many various factors: intensity, frequency, duration, and type. For this reason, it is hard to estimate the total physical activity accurately with large population in a long term study. The inconsistent results could be attributed, in part, to methodological issues, including crude assessment of physical activity. Therefore further studies should be performed to develope more precise methods of estimating total physical activity and investigate the relationship between physical activity and cancer for reducing cancer with Koreans.

한 광역시공무원의 건강증진행위 실천도와 관련요인

이은,김기순,류소연 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.1

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between practice of health promoting lifestyle and its related factors among civil servants in Gwang-Ju Metropolitan city. Methods: We enrolled 500 civil servants who worked in Gwang-Ju Metropolitan city hall by random sampling and 419 cases were analyzed. The collection of data was done by self-administered questionnaire which composed of the general characteristics, the occupational characteristics, health related activity, stress, self-efficacy and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profiles (HPLP). We analysed the data by t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of HPLP was 113.6±19.8. In univariate analysis, HPLP was related to marital status, education level, business career, perceived health status, age, body mass index, stress and self-efficacy. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the statistically significant related factors with HPLP were business carrier, perceived health status, and self-efficacy. However, marital status, body mass index and stress were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We concluded that the health promoting activities were related with good subjective perception about their health status, high degree of self-efficacy and longer duration of business carrier.

Depth Jump 시 하지 관절 상해에 관한 운동역학적 분석

소재무,김윤지,이종희,서진희,정연옥,김광기 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

J. M. SO, Y. J. KIM, J. H. LEE, H. J. SEO, Y. O. CHUNG ? K. K. KIM. The analysis of lower extremities injury on depth jump. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 127-142, 2005. The purpose of this study was to analysis biomechanics of the lower extremities injury the heights(40cm, 60cm, 80cm) of jump box as performed depth jump motion by 6 females aerobic athletes and 6 non-experience females students. The event of depth jump were set to be drop, landing and jump. The depth jump motions on the force plate were filmed using a digital video cameras, and data were collected through the cinematography and force plate. On the basis of the results analyzed, the conclusions were drawn as follows: 1. The landing time of skill group was shorter than unskill group at 40cm, 60cm drop height during drop-landing-jump phase especially. The landing time of 60cm drop height was significant between two group(p<.05). 2. The peak GRF of sagittal and frontal direction following drop height improve was variety pattern and the peak vertical force of 40cm drop height was significantly(p<.05). 3. The magnitude of peak passive force was not increase to change the drop height. 4. The peak passive forces was significant at 40cm drop height between two groups(p<.05)

전북대학교병원 소아치과에 내원한 교정환자 보호자들의 의삭에 관한 설문조사

소유려,백병주,김재곤,양연미,이용훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

최근 치의학의 눈부신 발전과 소득의 증가에 따른 일반인의 의식 변화로 외모에 대한 관심도가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대학병원에 내원한 동기와 교정치료를 시작하게 된 동기,치료방법 및 치료기간을 파악하여,이를 토대로 보호자와 보다 적절한 의사소통을 위한 정보를 파악하고,보호자들의 교정치료에 대한 기대를 파악하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 이를 위해 전북대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 교정환자의 보호자 150명을 대상으로 조사 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 본 병원의 소아치과를 찾게 된 이유 중 대학병원이 좋을 것 같아서가 52.1%. 친지나 아는 사람의 권유가 25%. 다른 치과병원의 소개가 16.7%로 나타났다. 2. 내원 전 예상하였던 치료기간 중 2년 이상이 37.5%. 12∼18개월이 12.5%로 나타났다. 3. 교정치료를 받으려는 이유 중 부모가 부정교합을 발견하고 걱정스러워서가 58.3%, 주위사람들의 지적이 12.5%로 나타났다. 4. 소아치과 내원 환자의 치료방법은 구강 내 고정성장치가 41.7%, 가철성장치가 29.2% 구외 장치가 2.1%를 차지했다. 5. 예약 후 치료를 위해 기다리는 시간 중 5∼10분이 39.6%, 15∼30분이 4.1%로 나타났으며,기다리는 시간은 어느 정도까지 괜찮다고 생각하는가에 대해 5∼10분이 60.4%, 15∼30분이 2.1%로 나타났다. Recently, in proportion to the remarkable development of dentistry and income increases it is growing more and more a concern about changed awareness in appearance, In this study, it had a grasp of the purpose for university hospital visiting, the motive of the commencement for orthodontic treatment and a method of the treatment as well as term. Based on these, the aim of this study is to keep more of the information between parent and doctors for mutual understanding and to grasp the characteristics for the needs of orthodontic treatment. In order to conduct researches, there has made a survey of 150 persons among orthodontic patients' parents who visit CBNU hospital, the pediatric dentistry. The study has found the results like these. 1. There was a question about the reason to visit CBNU hospital in the department of pediatric dentistry for orthodontic treatment. 52.1% of respondents, the survey found, were more likely to receive a good medical service. 25% of them were counselled from a relative or an acquaintance. 16.7% of them were recommended by another dental clinic. 2. There was a question about the expected orthodontic treatment period, when at first hospital visiting. 37.5% of the respondents answered that it was a 'more than 2 years', 12.5% of them said 'from 12 months to 18 months'. 3. There was a question about the reason to receive orthodontic treatment. 58.3% of the respondents, the survey found, answered the reason was parents' concern about the malocclusion of their children, 12.5% of them said a the orthodontic problem pointed out by entourages. 4. There was a question about the method of orthodontic treatment for patients who visit the department in pediatric dentistry. 41.7% of the respondents said that it was used as 'an intra-oral fixed appliance', 29.2% of them said 'an intra-oral removable appliance', 2.1% of them said 'an extra-oral appliance'. 5. There was a question about the waiting time for treatment after a dental appointment. 60.4% of the respondents said 'from 5 minutes to 10 minutes', 4.1% of them said 'from 15 minutes to 30 minutes'. There was a question about the extent of an acceptable waiting time. It was answered to 'from 5 minutes to 10 minutes' by 60.4% of them, 2.1% of them said 'from 15 minutes to 30 minutes'.